Myocardial ischemia in the asymptomatic older patient

American Journal of Geriatric Cardiology

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 54-59

  Fleg, Jerome L ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BISOPROLOL; CALCIUM ANTAGONIST; NITRIC ACID DERIVATIVE;

AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; CORONARY RISK; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HEART MUSCLE REVASCULARIZATION; HUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; ST SEGMENT DEPRESSION; TREADMILL EXERCISE;

EID: 0031984741     PISSN: 10767460     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Elder AT, Fox KAA. Ischaemia heart disease in the elderly. In: Martin A, Camm AJ (eds). Geriatric Cardiology: Principles and Practice. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 1994;333-370.
2. Feinleib M. Coronary artery disease in the elderly. The magnitude of the problem in the United States. In: Wenger NK, Furberg CD, Pitt E. (eds). Coronary Heart Disease in the Elderly. New York: Elsevier; 1986:29-59.
3. White NK, Edwards JE, Dry TJ. The relationship of the degree of coronary atherosclerosis with age, in men. Circulation. 1950; 1:645-654.
4. Ackerman RF, Dry TJ, Edwards JE. Relationship of various factors to the degree of coronary atherosclerosis in women. Circulation. 1950;1:1345-1354.
5. Elveback L, Lie JT. Continued high prevalence of coronary artery disease at autopsy in Olmstead County, Minnesota, 1950 to 1979. Circulation. 1984; 70:345-349.
6. Madsen JK. Ischaemic heart disease and prodromes of sudden cardiac death. Br Heart J. 1985; 54:27-32.
7. Mattingly TW. The postexercise electrocardiogram: its value in the diagnosis and prognosis of coronary arterial disease. Am J Cardiol. 1962; 9:395-409.
8. Froelicher VF Jr, Thomas MM, Pillow C, et al. Epidemiologic study of asymptomatic men screened by maximal treadmill testing for latent coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1974;34:770-776.
9. Allen WH, Aronow WS, Goodman P, et al. Five year followup of maximal treadmill stress test in asymptomatic men and women. Circulation. 1980;62:522-527.
10. Giagnoni E, Secchi MB, Wu SC, et al. Prognostic value of exercise EKG testing in asymptomatic normotensive subjects: A prospective matched study. N Engl J Med. 1983;309:1085-1089.
11. Froelicher VR. Exercise Testing and Training. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc; 1983;93-103.
12. Josephson RA, Shefrin E, Lakatta EG, et al. Can serial exercise testing improve the prediction of coronary events in asymptomatic individuals? Circulation. 1990;81:20-24.
13. Thaulow E, Erikssen J, Sanduik L, et al. Initial clinical presentation of cardiac disease in asymptomatic men with silent myocardial ischemia and angiographically documented coronary artery disease (The Oslo Ischemic Study). Am J Cardiol. 1993;72:629-633.
14. Bailey IK, Griffith LSC, Rouleau J, et al. Thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging at rest and during exercise: Comparative sensitivity to electrocardiography in coronary artery disease. Circulation. 1977;55:79-87.
15. Ritchie JL, Zaret BL, Strauss HW, et al. Myocardial imaging with thallium-201: A multicenter study in patients with angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1978;42:345.
16. Ladenheim ML, Pollack BH, Rozanski A, et al. Extent and severity of myocardial hypoperfusion as predictor of prognosis in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986;7:464-471.
17. Brown KA, Boucher CA, Okada RD, et al. Prognostic value exercise thallium-201 stress scintigraphy in patients presenting for evaluation of chest pain. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1983;1:994-1001.
18. Wackers FJTh, Russo DJ, Russo D, et al. Prognostic significance of normal quantitative planar thallium-201 stress scintigraphy in patients with chest pain. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985;6:27-30.
19. Pamelia FX, Gibson RS, Watson DD, et al. Prognosis with chest pain and normal thallium-201 exercise scintigram. Am J Cardiol. 1985;55:920-926.
20. Fleg JL, Gerstenblith G, Zonderman AB, et al. Prevalence and prognostic significance of exercise-induced silent myocardial ischemia detected by thallium scintigraphy and electrocardiography in a symptomatic volunteers. Circulation. 1990;81: 428-436.
21. Gottlieb SO, Weisfeldt ML, Ouyang P, et al. Silent ischemia as a marker for early unfavorable outcomes in patients with unstable angina. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:1214-1219.
22. Gottlieb SO, Gottlieb SH, Achuff SC, et al. Silent ischemia on Holter monitoring predicts mortality in high-risk post-infarction patients. JAMA 1988;259:1030-1035.
23. Tzivoni D, Weisz G, Gavish A, et al. Comparison of mortality and myocardial infarction rates in stable angina pectoris with and wilhoul ischemic episodes during daily activities. Am J Cardiol. 1989;63:273-276.
24. Aronow WS, Epstein S. Usefulness of silent ischemia, ventricular tachycardia, and complex ventricular arrhythmia in predicting new coronary events in elderly patients with coronary artery disease or systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 1990;65:511-512.
25. Deedwania PC, Carbajal EV. Silent ischemia during daily life is an independent predictor of mortality in stable angina. Circulation. 1990;81:748-756.
26. Hedblad B, Juul-Molle S, Svensson K, et al. Increased mortality in men with ST segment depression during 24 hour ambulatory long-term ECG recording: Results from prospective population study (men born in 1914) from Malmo, Sweden. Eur Heart J. 1989;10:149-158.
27. Fleg JL, Kennedy HL. Long-term prognostic significance of ambulatory electrocardiographic findings in apparently healthy subjects ≥ 60 years of age. Am J Cardiol. 1992;70:748-751.
28. Fleg J, Schulman SP, Gerstenblith G, et al. Additive effects of age and silent myocardial ischemia on the left ventricular response to upright cycle exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1993;75:499-504.
29. Rodeheffer RJ, Gerstenblith G, Becker LC, el al. Exercise cardiac output is maintained with advancing age in healthy human subjects. Circulation. 1984;69:203-213.
30. Fleg JL, O'Connor F, Gerstenblith G, et al. Impact of age on the cardiovascular response to dynamic upright exercise in healthy men and women. J Appl Physiol. 1995;78:890-900.
31. Travin MI, Flores AR, Boucher CA, et al. Silent versus symptomatic ischemia during a thallium-201 exercise test. Am J Cardiol. 1991;68:1600-1608.
32. Hecht HS, DeBord L, Sotomayor N, et al. Truly silent ischemia and the relationship of chest pain and ST segment changes to the amount of ischemic myocardium: Evaluation by supine bicycle stress echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;23:369-376.
33. Droste C, Roskamm H. Experimental pain measurements in patients with asymptomatic myocardial ischemia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1983;1:950-955.
34. Sheps DS, Adams KF, Hinderliter A, et al. Endorphins are related to pain perception in coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1987;59: 523-527.
35. Heller LI, Treggallo M, Sciacca RR, et al. Prognostic significance of silent myocardial ischemia on a thallium stress test. Am J Cardiol. 1990;65:718-721.
36. Ranjadayalan K, Umachandran V, Ambepityia G, et al. Prolonged angina perceptual threshold in diabetes. Effects on exercise capacity and myocardial ischemia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1990;16: 1120-1124.
37. Katzel LI, Sorkin JD, Colman E, et al. Risk factors for exercise induced silent myocardial ischemia in healthy volunteers. Am J Cardiol. 1994;74: 869-874.
38. vonArnim T. For the TIBBS Investigators. Medical treatment to reduce total ischemic burden: Total Ischemic Burden Bisoprolol Study (TIBBS), A multicenter trial comparing bisoprolol and nifedipine. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;25:231-238.
39. Pepine CJ, Cohn PK, Deedwania PC, et al. For the ASIST Study Group. Effects of treatment on outcome in mildly symptomatic patients with ischemia during daily life: The Atenolol Silent Ischemic Study (ASIST). Circulation. 1994; 90:762-768.
40. Rogers WJ, Bourassa MG, Andrews TC, et al. For the ACIP Investigators. Asymptomatic Cardiac Ischemic Pilot (ACIP) Study: Outcome at 1 year for patients with asymptomatic cardiac ischemia randomized to medical therapy or revascularization. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;26:584-605.