Studies on benzodiazepines and opioids administered alone and in combination in rhesus monkeys: Ventilation and drug discrimination

Psychopharmacology

Volumn 137, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 164-174

  Gerak, Lisa R ^a   Brandt, Michael R ^a   France, Charles P ^a  

^a LOUISIANA STATE UNIV MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Benzodiazepine; Drug discrimination; Opioid; Rhesus monkey; Ventilation

Indexed keywords

ALPRAZOLAM; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; DIAZEPAM; FENTANYL; FLUMAZENIL; FLUNITRAZEPAM; LORAZEPAM; MIDAZOLAM; MORPHINE; NALTREXONE; OPIATE; TRIAZOLAM;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS; DRUG DISCRIMINATION; DRUG EFFECT; FEMALE; INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING; LUNG VENTILATION; MALE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RHESUS MONKEY; SUBCUTANEOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION;

ANIMALS; BENZODIAZEPINES; DISCRIMINATION LEARNING; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; DRUG SYNERGISM; FEMALE; FLUMAZENIL; MACACA MULATTA; MALE; MIDAZOLAM; MORPHINE; NALTREXONE; NARCOTICS; RESPIRATION;

EID: 0031980591     PISSN: 00333158     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s002130050606     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Amin HM, Sopchak AM, Esposito BF, Henson LG, Batenhorst RL, Fox AW, Camporesi EM (1995) Naloxone-induced and spontaneous reversal of depressed ventilatory response to hypoxia during and after continuous infusion of remifentanil or alfentanil. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 274: 34-39
2. Bailey PL, Andriano KP, Goldman M, Stanley TH, Pace NL (1986) Variability of the respiratory response to diazepam. Anesthesiology 64: 460-465
3. Bailey PL, Pace NL, Ashburn MA, Moll JWB, East KA, Stanley TH (1990) Frequent hypoxemia and apnea after sedation with midazolam and fentanyl. Anesthesiology 73: 826-830
4. Barnas C, Rossmann M, Roessler H, Reimer Y, Fleischhacker WW (1992) Benzodiazepines and other psychotropic drugs abused by patients in a methadone maintenance program: familiarity and preference. J Clin Psychopharmacol 12: 397-402
5. Bell ville JW, Escarraga LA, Wallenstein SL, Houde RW (1968) The respiratory effects of codeine and morphine in man. Clin Pharmacol Ther 9: 435-441
6. Berggren L, Eriksson I, Mollenholt P, Sunzel M (1987) Changes in respiratory pattern after repeated doses of diazepam and midazolam in healthy subjects. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 31: 667-672
7. Bradshaw EG, Biswas TK, Pleuvry BJ (1973) Some interactions between morphine and diazepam in the mouse and rabbit. Br J Anaesth 45: 1185-1189
8. Brauninger G, Ravin M (1974) Respiratory arrest following intravenous valium. Ann Ophthal 6: 805-806
9. Braunstein MC (1979) Apnea with maintenance of consciousness, following intravenous diazepam. Anesth Analg 58: 52-53
10. 2 analysis on the respiratory depressant effects of alfentanil, etonitazene, ethylketocyclazocine (EKC) and Mr2033 in rhesus monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 264: 145-151
11. Catchlove RFH, Kafer ER (1971) The effects of diazepam on the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide and on steady-state gas exchange. Anesthesiology 34: 9-13
12. Darke SG, Ross JE, Hall WD (1995) Benzodiazepine use among injecting heroin users. Med J Aust 162: 645-647
13. Emmett-Oglesby MW, Mathis DA, Moon RTY, Lal H (1990) Animal models of drug withdrawal symptoms. Psychopharmacology 101: 292-309
14. Flogel CM, Ward DS, Wada DR, Ritter JW (1993) The effects of large-dose flumazenil on midazolam-induced ventilatory depression. Anesth Analg 77: 1207-1214
15. Forster A, Gardaz J-P, Suter PM, Gemperle M (1980) Respiratory depression by midazolam and diazepam. Anesthesiology 53: 494-497
16. Forster A, Morel D, Bachmann M, Gemperle M (1983) Respiratory depressant effects of different doses of midazolam and lack of reversal with naloxone - a double-blind randomized study. Anesth Analg 62: 920-924
17. France CP, Gerak LR (1994) Behavioral effects of 6-methylene naltrexone (nalmefene) in rhesus monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 270: 992-999
18. Gasser JC, Bellville JW (1976) The respiratory effects of hydroxyzine, diazepam and pentazocine in man. Anaesthesia 31: 718-723
19. Gasser JC, Kaufman RD, Bellville JW (1975) Respiratory effects of lorazapam, pentobarbital, and pentazocine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 18: 170-174
20. Gerak LR, Butelman ER, Woods JH, France CP (1994) Antinociceptive and respiratory effects of nalbuphine in rhesus monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 271: 993-999
21. Green S, Goldberg D, Frischer M, McKeganey N (1992) Triazolam as a substance of abuse among injecting drug users. Br J Addict 87: 940-941
22. Gross JB, Blouin RT, Zandsberg S, Conard PF, Haussier J (1996) Effect of flumazenil on ventilatory drive during sedation with midazolam and alfentanil. Anesthesiology 85: 713-720
23. Gross JB, Weller RS, Conard P (1991) Flumazenil antagonism of midazolam-induced ventilatory depression. Anesthesiology 75: 179-185
24. Gutiérrez-Cebollada J, de la Torre R, Ortuño J, Garcés J, Camí J (1994) Psychotropic drug consumption and other factors associated with heroin overdose. Drug Alcohol Depend 35: 169-174
25. Howell LL, Bergman J, Morse WH (1988) Effects of levorphanol and several kappa-selective opioids on respiration and behavior in rhesus monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 245: 364-372
26. Iguchi MY, Handelsman L, Bickel WK, Griffiths RR (1993) Benzodiazepine and sedative use/abuse by methadone maintenance clients. Drug Alcohol Depend 32: 257-266
27. Johnstone RE, Jobes DR, Kennell EM, Behar MG, Smith TC (1974) Reversal of morphine anesthesia with naloxone. Anesthesiology 41: 361-367
28. Jordan C, Lehane JR, Jones JG (1980) Respiratory depression following diazepam: reversal with high-dose naloxone. Anesthesiology 53: 293-298
29. Larson GF, Hurlbert BJ, Wingard DW (1977) Physostigmine reversal of diazepam-induced depression. Anesth Analg 56: 348-351
30. Longbottom RT, Pleuvry BJ (1984) Respiratory and sedative effects of triazolam in volunteers. Br J Anaesth 56: 179-185
31. Mora CT, Torjman M, White PF (1989) Effects of diazepam and flumazenil on sedation and hypoxic ventilatory response. Anesth Analg 68: 473-478
32. Paakkari P, Paakkari I, Landes P, Sirén A-L, Feuerslein G (1993) Respiratory μ-opioid and benzodiazepine interactions in the unrestrained rat. Neuropharmacology 32: 323-329
33. Picone DA, D'Mello DA, Foote ML, Msibi B (1993) A review of the utilization of sedative-hypnotic drugs in a general hospital. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 15: 51-54
34. Power SJ, Morgan M and Chakrabarti MK (1983) Carbon dioxide response curves following midazolam and diazepam. Br J Anaesth 55: 837-841
35. Preston KL, Griffiths RR, Stitzer ML, Bigelow GE, Liebson IA (1984) Diazepam and methadone interactions in methadone maintenance. Clin Pharmacol Ther 36: 534-541
36. San L, Tato J, Torrens M, Castillo C, Farré M, Camí J (1993) Flunitrazepam consumption among heroin addicts admitted for in-patient detoxification. Drug Alcohol Depend 32: 281-286
37. Shalansky SJ, Naumann TL, Englander FA (1993) Effect of flumazenil on benzodiazepine-induced respiratory depression. Clin Pharm 12: 483-187
38. Stitzer ML, Griffiths RR, McLellan AT, Grabowski J, Hawthorne JW (1981) Diazepam use among methadone maintenance patients: patterns and dosages. Drug Alcohol Depend 8: 189-199
39. Stoeckel H, Schüttler H, Magnussen H, Hengstmann JH (1982) Plasma fentanyl concentrations and the occurrence of respiratory depression in volunteers. Br J Anaesth 54: 1087-1095
40. Weil JV, McCullough RE, Kline JS, Sodal IE (1975) Diminished ventilatory response to hypoxia and hypercapnia after morphine in normal man. N Engl J Med 292: 1103-1106
41. Weinbrum A, Geller E (1990) The respiratory effects of reversing midazolam sedation with flumazenil in the presence or absence of narcotics. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 34, S92: 65-69
42. Wettstein JG, Teeple ES, Morse WH (1990) Respiratory effects of benzodiazepine-related drugs in awake rhesus monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 255: 1328-1334