메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 44, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 133-151

Autonomic balance revisited: Panic anxiety and heart rate variability

Author keywords

Autonomic nervous system; Heart rate variability; Panic disorder

Indexed keywords

ATTENTION; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; EMOTION; HEART RATE VARIABILITY; HUMAN; PANIC; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; VAGUS TONE;

EID: 0031975798     PISSN: 00223999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3999(97)00202-X     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (482)

References (158)
  • 1
    • 0001067771 scopus 로고
    • On irritable heart: A clinical study of a functional cardiac disorder and its consequences
    • 1. Da Costa JM. On irritable heart: a clinical study of a functional cardiac disorder and its consequences. Am J Med Sci 1871;61:17-52.
    • (1871) Am J Med Sci , vol.61 , pp. 17-52
    • Da Costa, J.M.1
  • 3
    • 0010679148 scopus 로고
    • Neurocirculatory asthenia
    • Eliot R, ed. Mount Kisco, New York: Futura
    • 3. Caranasos GJ. Neurocirculatory asthenia. In: Eliot R, ed. Stress and the heart. Mount Kisco, New York: Futura 1974:219-244.
    • (1974) Stress and the Heart , pp. 219-244
    • Caranasos, G.J.1
  • 4
    • 0010754267 scopus 로고
    • Molecular genetics and panic disorder: New approaches to an old problem
    • Ballenger JC, ed. New York: Wiley-Liss
    • 4. Crowe RR. Molecular genetics and panic disorder: new approaches to an old problem. In: Ballenger JC, ed. Neurobiology of panic disorder. New York: Wiley-Liss 1990:59-70.
    • (1990) Neurobiology of Panic Disorder , pp. 59-70
    • Crowe, R.R.1
  • 6
    • 0028173477 scopus 로고
    • Autonomic function in panic disorder: Cardiorespiratory and plasma catecholamine responsivity to multiple challenges of the autonomic nervous system
    • 6. Stein MB, Asmundson GJG. Autonomic function in panic disorder: cardiorespiratory and plasma catecholamine responsivity to multiple challenges of the autonomic nervous system. Biol Psychiatry 1994;36:548-558.
    • (1994) Biol Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 548-558
    • Stein, M.B.1    Asmundson, G.J.G.2
  • 7
    • 0002005337 scopus 로고
    • Autonomic nervous system tests in psychiatry: Implications and potential uses of heart rate variability
    • 114
    • 7. Miyawaki E, Salzman C. Autonomic nervous system tests in psychiatry: implications and potential uses of heart rate variability. Integr Psychiatry 1991;7:21-28.114.
    • (1991) Integr Psychiatry , vol.7 , pp. 21-28
    • Miyawaki, E.1    Salzman, C.2
  • 8
    • 0002313466 scopus 로고
    • The sympathetic nervous system and the "irritable heart" of soldiers
    • 8. Fraser F, Wilson RM. The sympathetic nervous system and the "irritable heart" of soldiers. BMJ 1918;2:27-29.
    • (1918) BMJ , vol.2 , pp. 27-29
    • Fraser, F.1    Wilson, R.M.2
  • 9
    • 0010754113 scopus 로고
    • Intensive study of fifty cases of neurocircuaatory asthenia
    • 9. Friedlander A, Freyhof, WL. Intensive study of fifty cases of neurocircuaatory asthenia. Arch Intern Med 1918;22:693-718.
    • (1918) Arch Intern Med , vol.22 , pp. 693-718
    • Friedlander, A.1    Freyhof, W.L.2
  • 10
    • 84967900111 scopus 로고
    • DaCosta's syndrome (or effort syndrome)
    • 10. Wood P. DaCosta's syndrome (or effort syndrome). BMJ 1941;1:805-811.
    • (1941) BMJ , vol.1 , pp. 805-811
    • Wood, P.1
  • 12
    • 0010715432 scopus 로고
    • Studies concerning the etiology and pathogenesis of neurocirculatory asthenia. III. The cardiovascular manifestations of neurocirculatory asthenia
    • 12. Friedman M. Studies concerning the etiology and pathogenesis of neurocirculatory asthenia. III. The cardiovascular manifestations of neurocirculatory asthenia. Am Heart J 1945;30:478-491.
    • (1945) Am Heart J , vol.30 , pp. 478-491
    • Friedman, M.1
  • 13
    • 76549157134 scopus 로고
    • The psychophysiology of anxiety with a review of the literature concerning adrenaline
    • 13. Breggin PR. The psychophysiology of anxiety with a review of the literature concerning adrenaline. J Nerv Ment Dis 1964;139:558-568.
    • (1964) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.139 , pp. 558-568
    • Breggin, P.R.1
  • 15
    • 58149451256 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state
    • 15. Schachter S, Singer J. Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state. Psychol Rev 1962;69:379-397.
    • (1962) Psychol Rev , vol.69 , pp. 379-397
    • Schachter, S.1    Singer, J.2
  • 16
    • 0014993237 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical factors in anxiety neurosis
    • 16. Pitts FN. Biochemical factors in anxiety neurosis. Behav Sci 1971;16:82-91.
    • (1971) Behav Sci , vol.16 , pp. 82-91
    • Pitts, F.N.1
  • 17
    • 0010758199 scopus 로고
    • Beta adrenergic blockade in the treatment of anxiety
    • Mathew RJ, ed. New York: Brunner/Mazel
    • 17. Pitts FN, Allen RE. Beta adrenergic blockade in the treatment of anxiety. In: Mathew RJ, ed. The biology of anxiety. New York: Brunner/Mazel 1980:134-161.
    • (1980) The Biology of Anxiety , pp. 134-161
    • Pitts, F.N.1    Allen, R.E.2
  • 18
    • 0000082831 scopus 로고
    • Isoproterenol-induced panic: Beta-adrenergic model of panic anxiety
    • In Ballenger JC, ed. New York: Wiley-Liss
    • 18. Pohl R, Yeragani V, Balon R, Ortiz A, Aleem A. Isoproterenol-induced panic: beta-adrenergic model of panic anxiety. In Ballenger JC, ed. Neurobiology of panic disorder. New York: Wiley-Liss 1990:107-120.
    • (1990) Neurobiology of Panic Disorder , pp. 107-120
    • Pohl, R.1    Yeragani, V.2    Balon, R.3    Ortiz, A.4    Aleem, A.5
  • 20
    • 0003035849 scopus 로고
    • Issues in the neuropsychology of anxiety
    • Tuma AH, Maser JD, eds. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • 20. Gray JA. Issues in the neuropsychology of anxiety. In: Tuma AH, Maser JD, eds. Anxiety and the anxiety disorders. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum 1985:5-26.
    • (1985) Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorders , pp. 5-26
    • Gray, J.A.1
  • 21
    • 0002505606 scopus 로고
    • Psychological perspectives on pharmacologic challenge studies
    • Ballenger J, ed. New York: Wiley-Liss
    • 21. Shear MK. Psychological perspectives on pharmacologic challenge studies. In: Ballenger J, ed. Neurobiology of panic disorder. New York: Wiley-Liss 1990:173-186.
    • (1990) Neurobiology of Panic Disorder , pp. 173-186
    • Shear, M.K.1
  • 22
    • 0025221928 scopus 로고
    • Autonomic interactions in cardiac control
    • 22. Levy MN. Autonomic interactions in cardiac control. Ann NY Acad Sci 1990;601:209-221.
    • (1990) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.601 , pp. 209-221
    • Levy, M.N.1
  • 24
    • 0026584224 scopus 로고
    • Psychopharmacology's need for linking variables
    • 24. Callaway E. Psychopharmacology's need for linking variables. Biol Psychiatry 1992;31:1-3.
    • (1992) Biol Psychiatry , vol.31 , pp. 1-3
    • Callaway, E.1
  • 25
    • 0020560144 scopus 로고
    • Systems thinking in psychiatry: Some theoretical and clinical implications
    • 25. Marmor J. Systems thinking in psychiatry: some theoretical and clinical implications. Am J Psychiatry 1983;140:833-838.
    • (1983) Am J Psychiatry , vol.140 , pp. 833-838
    • Marmor, J.1
  • 26
    • 0024398558 scopus 로고
    • Biological priority and psychological supremacy: A new integrative paradigm derived from process theory
    • 26. Sabelli HC, Carlson-Sabelli, L. Biological priority and psychological supremacy: a new integrative paradigm derived from process theory. Am J Psychiatry 1989;146:1541-1551.
    • (1989) Am J Psychiatry , vol.146 , pp. 1541-1551
    • Sabelli, H.C.1    Carlson-Sabelli, L.2
  • 27
    • 0001814522 scopus 로고
    • Etiologic and pathophysiologic inferences from the pharmacologic treatments of anxiety
    • In Tuma AH, Maser JD, eds. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • 27. Klein DF, Rabkin JG, Gorman JM. Etiologic and pathophysiologic inferences from the pharmacologic treatments of anxiety. In Tuma AH, Maser JD, eds. Anxiety and the anxiety disorders. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum 1985:501-532.
    • (1985) Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorders , pp. 501-532
    • Klein, D.F.1    Rabkin, J.G.2    Gorman, J.M.3
  • 28
    • 85137473985 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and biological models of panic: Towards an integration
    • Rachman S, Maser JD, eds. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • 28. Shear K. Cognitive and biological models of panic: towards an integration. In: Rachman S, Maser JD, eds. Panic: psychological perspectives. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum 1988:51-70.
    • (1988) Panic: Psychological Perspectives , pp. 51-70
    • Shear, K.1
  • 29
    • 0024847987 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of autonomic response during laboratory stressors
    • 29. Allen MT, Crowell MD. Patterns of autonomic response during laboratory stressors. Psychophysiology 1989;26:603-614.
    • (1989) Psychophysiology , vol.26 , pp. 603-614
    • Allen, M.T.1    Crowell, M.D.2
  • 30
    • 0010679151 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac orienting and defensive responses: Potential origins in autonomic space
    • Barber J, Dodge KA, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • 30. Berntson GG, Boysen ST, Cacioppo JT. Cardiac orienting and defensive responses: Potential origins in autonomic space. In: Barber J, Dodge KA, eds. The development of emotion regulation and dysregulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1991:111-128.
    • (1991) The Development of Emotion Regulation and Dysregulation , pp. 111-128
    • Berntson, G.G.1    Boysen, S.T.2    Cacioppo, J.T.3
  • 31
    • 0002948689 scopus 로고
    • Activation
    • Greenfield NS, Sternbach RA, eds. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston
    • 31. Duffy E. Activation. In: Greenfield NS, Sternbach RA, eds. Handbook of psychophysiology. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston 1972:577-622.
    • (1972) Handbook of Psychophysiology , pp. 577-622
    • Duffy, E.1
  • 34
    • 0022657395 scopus 로고
    • Heart rate and heart rate variability recorded in vivo in agoraphobics and nonphobics
    • 34. Holden AE, Barlow DH. Heart rate and heart rate variability recorded in vivo in agoraphobics and nonphobics. Behav Ther 1986;17:26-42.
    • (1986) Behav Ther , vol.17 , pp. 26-42
    • Holden, A.E.1    Barlow, D.H.2
  • 35
    • 0021878279 scopus 로고
    • Lactate provocation of panic attacks: II. Biochemical and physiological findings
    • 35. Liebowitz MR, Gorman JM, Fyer AJ, et al. Lactate provocation of panic attacks: II. Biochemical and physiological findings. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985;42:709-719.
    • (1985) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.42 , pp. 709-719
    • Liebowitz, M.R.1    Gorman, J.M.2    Fyer, A.J.3
  • 37
    • 0022552859 scopus 로고
    • Autonomic characteristics of agoraphobia with panic attacks
    • 37. Roth WT, Telch MJ, Taylor CB, et al. Autonomic characteristics of agoraphobia with panic attacks. Biol Psychiatry 1986;21:1133-1154.
    • (1986) Biol Psychiatry , vol.21 , pp. 1133-1154
    • Roth, W.T.1    Telch, M.J.2    Taylor, C.B.3
  • 38
    • 0010754685 scopus 로고
    • The psychophysiology of anxiety
    • van Praag H, Lader MH, Rafaelson O, Sachar E, eds. New York: Marcel Dekker
    • 38. Lader MH. The psychophysiology of anxiety. In: van Praag H, Lader MH, Rafaelson O, Sachar E, eds. Handbook of biological psychiatry. New York: Marcel Dekker 1980:225-247.
    • (1980) Handbook of Biological Psychiatry , pp. 225-247
    • Lader, M.H.1
  • 39
    • 0014891603 scopus 로고
    • Physiological changes during spontaneous panic attacks
    • 39. Lader M, Mathews A. Physiological changes during spontaneous panic attacks. J Psychosom Res 1970;14:377-382.
    • (1970) J Psychosom Res , vol.14 , pp. 377-382
    • Lader, M.1    Mathews, A.2
  • 40
    • 0026492599 scopus 로고
    • Continuous physiological changes and subjective reports in panic patients: A preliminary methodological report
    • 40. Bystritsky A, Shapiro D. Continuous physiological changes and subjective reports in panic patients: a preliminary methodological report. Biol Psychiatry 1992;32:766-777.
    • (1992) Biol Psychiatry , vol.32 , pp. 766-777
    • Bystritsky, A.1    Shapiro, D.2
  • 42
    • 0026729324 scopus 로고
    • Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate in panic patients
    • 42. Shear MK, Polan JJ, Harshfield G, et al. Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate in panic patients. J Anx Disord 1992;6:213-221.
    • (1992) J Anx Disord , vol.6 , pp. 213-221
    • Shear, M.K.1    Polan, J.J.2    Harshfield, G.3
  • 43
    • 0026544952 scopus 로고
    • Heart rate and plasma norepinephrine responsivity to orthostatic challenge in anxiety disorders
    • 43. Stein MB, Tancer ME, Uhde TW. Heart rate and plasma norepinephrine responsivity to orthostatic challenge in anxiety disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992:49:311-316.
    • (1992) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.49 , pp. 311-316
    • Stein, M.B.1    Tancer, M.E.2    Uhde, T.W.3
  • 44
    • 0023634067 scopus 로고
    • Contrasting patterns of autonomic dysfunction in patients with mitral valve prolapse and panic attacks
    • 44. Weissman NJ, Shear MK, Kramer-Fox R, Devereux RB. Contrasting patterns of autonomic dysfunction in patients with mitral valve prolapse and panic attacks. Am J Med 1987;82:880-888.
    • (1987) Am J Med , vol.82 , pp. 880-888
    • Weissman, N.J.1    Shear, M.K.2    Kramer-Fox, R.3    Devereux, R.B.4
  • 47
    • 0022607491 scopus 로고
    • Ambulatory heart rate changes in patients with panic attacks
    • 47. Taylor CB, Sheikh J, Agras WS, et al. Ambulatory heart rate changes in patients with panic attacks. Am J Psychiatry 1986;143:478-182.
    • (1986) Am J Psychiatry , vol.143 , pp. 478-1182
    • Taylor, C.B.1    Sheikh, J.2    Agras, W.S.3
  • 48
    • 0025630589 scopus 로고
    • Ambulatory psychophysiological monitoring of panic attacks
    • 48. Margraf J. Ambulatory psychophysiological monitoring of panic attacks. J Psychophysiol 1990:4:321-330.
    • (1990) J Psychophysiol , vol.4 , pp. 321-330
    • Margraf, J.1
  • 49
    • 0026589229 scopus 로고
    • Stress test reactivity in panic disorder
    • 49. Roth WT, Margraf J, Ehlers A, et al. Stress test reactivity in panic disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992;49:301-310.
    • (1992) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.49 , pp. 301-310
    • Roth, W.T.1    Margraf, J.2    Ehlers, A.3
  • 50
    • 0002848625 scopus 로고
    • Panic disorder, anxiety, and the autonomic nervous system
    • Shapiro AP, Baum A, eds. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • 50. Jacob RG, Waldstein SR. Panic disorder, anxiety, and the autonomic nervous system. In: Shapiro AP, Baum A, eds. Behavioral aspects of cardiovascular disease. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum 1991:49-73.
    • (1991) Behavioral Aspects of Cardiovascular Disease , pp. 49-73
    • Jacob, R.G.1    Waldstein, S.R.2
  • 51
    • 0025518905 scopus 로고
    • Psychological approaches to panic: A review
    • 51. McNally RJ. Psychological approaches to panic: a review. Psychol Bull 1990;108:403-419.
    • (1990) Psychol Bull , vol.108 , pp. 403-419
    • McNally, R.J.1
  • 53
    • 0010674573 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular psychophysiology: A systems perspective
    • Cacioppo JT, Petty RE, eds. New York: Guilford
    • 53. Schwartz GE. Cardiovascular psychophysiology: a systems perspective. In: Cacioppo JT, Petty RE, eds. Perspectives in cardiovascular psychophysiology. New York: Guilford 1982:347-372.
    • (1982) Perspectives in Cardiovascular Psychophysiology , pp. 347-372
    • Schwartz, G.E.1
  • 55
    • 0019849445 scopus 로고
    • The sunday syndrome: From kinetics to altered consciousness
    • 55. Mandell AJ, Stewart KD, Russo PV. The Sunday syndrome: from kinetics to altered consciousness. Fed Proc 1981;40:2693-2698.
    • (1981) Fed Proc , vol.40 , pp. 2693-2698
    • Mandell, A.J.1    Stewart, K.D.2    Russo, P.V.3
  • 56
    • 0020521374 scopus 로고
    • From metapsychology to molecular biology: Explorations into the nature of anxiety
    • 56. Kandel ER. From metapsychology to molecular biology: explorations into the nature of anxiety. Am J Psychiatry 1983;140:1277-1293.
    • (1983) Am J Psychiatry , vol.140 , pp. 1277-1293
    • Kandel, E.R.1
  • 57
    • 0010761065 scopus 로고
    • Anxiety and the persisting novelty of input from the autonomic nervous system
    • 57. Costello CG. Anxiety and the persisting novelty of input from the autonomic nervous system. Behav Ther 1971;2:8-13.
    • (1971) Behav Ther , vol.2 , pp. 8-13
    • Costello, C.G.1
  • 60
    • 0002718660 scopus 로고
    • A critique of Eysenck's theory of personality
    • In Eysenck HJ, ed. New York: Springer
    • 60. Gray JA. A critique of Eysenck's theory of personality. In Eysenck HJ, ed. A model for personality. New York: Springer 1981:246-276.
    • (1981) A Model for Personality , pp. 246-276
    • Gray, J.A.1
  • 61
    • 0002776980 scopus 로고
    • Concepts of activation and arousal in the theory of emotionality (neuroticism)
    • Streiau J, Eysenck HJ, eds. New York: Plenum
    • 61. Fahrenberg J. Concepts of activation and arousal in the theory of emotionality (neuroticism). In: Streiau J, Eysenck HJ, eds. Personality dimensions and arousal. New York: Plenum 1987:99-120.
    • (1987) Personality Dimensions and Arousal , pp. 99-120
    • Fahrenberg, J.1
  • 64
    • 0010676441 scopus 로고
    • The domain of homeostasis
    • 64. Davis RC. The domain of homeostasis. Psychol Rev 1958;65:8-13.
    • (1958) Psychol Rev , vol.65 , pp. 8-13
    • Davis, R.C.1
  • 65
    • 0026329017 scopus 로고
    • The regulation of body weight: Evidence and clinical implications
    • 65. Stallone DD, Stunkard AJ. The regulation of body weight: evidence and clinical implications. Ann Behav Med 1991;13:220-230.
    • (1991) Ann Behav Med , vol.13 , pp. 220-230
    • Stallone, D.D.1    Stunkard, A.J.2
  • 66
    • 0002575607 scopus 로고
    • The living system: Determinism stratified
    • Koestler A, Syrnthies JR, eds. Boston: Beacon
    • 66. Weiss P. The living system: determinism stratified. In: Koestler A, Syrnthies JR, eds. Beyond reductionism. Boston: Beacon 1969:3-55.
    • (1969) Beyond Reductionism , pp. 3-55
    • Weiss, P.1
  • 69
    • 0020403756 scopus 로고
    • Nonlinear dynamics in brain processes
    • 69. Mandell AJ. Nonlinear dynamics in brain processes. Psychopharmacol Bull 1982;18:59-63.
    • (1982) Psychopharmacol Bull , vol.18 , pp. 59-63
    • Mandell, A.J.1
  • 70
    • 0026534404 scopus 로고
    • Loss of complexity and aging: Potential applications of fractals and chaos theory to senescence
    • 70. Lipsitz LA, Goldberger AL. Loss of complexity and aging: potential applications of fractals and chaos theory to senescence. JAMA 1992;267:1806-1809.
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.267 , pp. 1806-1809
    • Lipsitz, L.A.1    Goldberger, A.L.2
  • 71
    • 0028477149 scopus 로고
    • Non-equilibrium dynamics as an indispensable characteristic of a healthy biological system
    • 71. Peng CK, Buldyrev SV, Hausdorff JM, et al. Non-equilibrium dynamics as an indispensable characteristic of a healthy biological system. Integr Physiol Behav Sci 1994;29:283-293.
    • (1994) Integr Physiol Behav Sci , vol.29 , pp. 283-293
    • Peng, C.K.1    Buldyrev, S.V.2    Hausdorff, J.M.3
  • 73
    • 0000122023 scopus 로고
    • Sudden death is not chaos
    • Krasner S, ed. Washington. DC: AAAS
    • 73. Goldberger AL, Rigney DR. Sudden death is not chaos. In: Krasner S, ed. The ubiquity of chaos. Washington. DC: AAAS 1990:23-34.
    • (1990) The Ubiquity of Chaos , pp. 23-34
    • Goldberger, A.L.1    Rigney, D.R.2
  • 74
    • 0025180019 scopus 로고
    • Heart rate variability
    • 74. Malik M, Camm AJ. Heart rate variability. Clin Cardiol 1990;13:570-576.
    • (1990) Clin Cardiol , vol.13 , pp. 570-576
    • Malik, M.1    Camm, A.J.2
  • 75
    • 0025783230 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain
    • 75. Malliani A, Pagani M, Lombardi F, Cerutti S. Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain. Circulation 1991;84:482-492.
    • (1991) Circulation , vol.84 , pp. 482-492
    • Malliani, A.1    Pagani, M.2    Lombardi, F.3    Cerutti, S.4
  • 76
    • 0003017583 scopus 로고
    • Beat-to-beat variations of heart rate reflect modulation of cardiac autonomic outflow
    • 76. Saul JP. Beat-to-beat variations of heart rate reflect modulation of cardiac autonomic outflow. News Physiol Sci 1990;5:32-37.
    • (1990) News Physiol Sci , vol.5 , pp. 32-37
    • Saul, J.P.1
  • 77
    • 0028342445 scopus 로고
    • Heart rate variability: A measure of cardiac autonomic tone
    • 77. Stein PK, Bosner MS, Kleiger RE, Conger BM. Heart rate variability: a measure of cardiac autonomic tone. Am Heart J 1994;127:1376-1381.
    • (1994) Am Heart J , vol.127 , pp. 1376-1381
    • Stein, P.K.1    Bosner, M.S.2    Kleiger, R.E.3    Conger, B.M.4
  • 79
    • 77956448071 scopus 로고
    • Decomposition of heart-rate variability under the ergonomic aspects of stressor analysis
    • Kitney RI, Rompelman O, eds. New York: Oxford University Press
    • 79. Luczak H, Philipp U, Romhert W. Decomposition of heart-rate variability under the ergonomic aspects of stressor analysis. In: Kitney RI, Rompelman O, eds. The study of heart-rate variability. New York: Oxford University Press 1980:123-177.
    • (1980) The Study of Heart-rate Variability , pp. 123-177
    • Luczak, H.1    Philipp, U.2    Romhert, W.3
  • 80
    • 0016255264 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of sympathetic neuron activity associated with Mayer waves
    • 80. Preiss G, Polosa C. Patterns of sympathetic neuron activity associated with Mayer waves. Am J Physiol 1974:226:724-730.
    • (1974) Am J Physiol , vol.226 , pp. 724-730
    • Preiss, G.1    Polosa, C.2
  • 81
    • 0027953297 scopus 로고
    • Human autonomic rhythms: Vagal cardiac mechanisms in tetraplegic subjects
    • 81. Koh J, Brown TE, Beightol LA, Ha CY, Eckberg DL. Human autonomic rhythms: vagal cardiac mechanisms in tetraplegic subjects. J Physiol 1994;474:483-495.
    • (1994) J Physiol , vol.474 , pp. 483-495
    • Koh, J.1    Brown, T.E.2    Beightol, L.A.3    Ha, C.Y.4    Eckberg, D.L.5
  • 82
    • 0025327294 scopus 로고
    • Heart rate and muscle sympathetic nerve variability during reflex changes of autonomic activity
    • 82. Saul JP, Rea RF, Eckberg DL, et al. Heart rate and muscle sympathetic nerve variability during reflex changes of autonomic activity. Am J Physiol 1990;258:H713-H721.
    • (1990) Am J Physiol , vol.258
    • Saul, J.P.1    Rea, R.F.2    Eckberg, D.L.3
  • 83
    • 0030064855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between circulating catecholamines and low frequency heart period variability as indices of cardiac sympathetic activity during mental load
    • 83. Sloan RP, Shapiro PA, Bagiella E, et al. Relationships between circulating catecholamines and low frequency heart period variability as indices of cardiac sympathetic activity during mental load. Psychosom Med 1996;58:25-31.
    • (1996) Psychosom Med , vol.58 , pp. 25-31
    • Sloan, R.P.1    Shapiro, P.A.2    Bagiella, E.3
  • 84
    • 0020633786 scopus 로고
    • Heart rate variability and autonomous system: Some possible relations
    • 84. Bronis M. Heart rate variability and autonomous system: some possible relations. Automedica 1983;4:223-225.
    • (1983) Automedica , vol.4 , pp. 223-225
    • Bronis, M.1
  • 85
    • 0029736757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectral characteristics of heart period variability in shock avoidance and cold face stress in normal subjects
    • 85. Friedman BH, Thayer JF, Tyrrell RA. Spectral characteristics of heart period variability in shock avoidance and cold face stress in normal subjects. Clin Autonom Res 1996;6:147-152.
    • (1996) Clin Autonom Res , vol.6 , pp. 147-152
    • Friedman, B.H.1    Thayer, J.F.2    Tyrrell, R.A.3
  • 86
    • 0026645819 scopus 로고
    • Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in Type As and Type Bs during mental workload
    • 86. Kamada T, Miyake S, Kumashiro M, Monou H, Inoue K. Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in Type As and Type Bs during mental workload. Psychosom Med 1992;54:462-470.
    • (1992) Psychosom Med , vol.54 , pp. 462-470
    • Kamada, T.1    Miyake, S.2    Kumashiro, M.3    Monou, H.4    Inoue, K.5
  • 87
    • 0029334618 scopus 로고
    • Spectral indices of cardiovascular adaptations to shortterm simulated microgravity exposure
    • 87. Patwardhan AR, Evans JM, Berk M, et al. Spectral indices of cardiovascular adaptations to shortterm simulated microgravity exposure Integr Physiol Behav Sci 1995;30:201-214.
    • (1995) Integr Physiol Behav Sci , vol.30 , pp. 201-214
    • Patwardhan, A.R.1    Evans, J.M.2    Berk, M.3
  • 88
    • 0027952687 scopus 로고
    • Reduced parasympathetic control in patients with hypertension at rest and under mental stress
    • 88. Langewitz W, Ruddel H, Schachinger H. Reduced parasympathetic control in patients with hypertension at rest and under mental stress. Am Heart J 1994;127:122-128.
    • (1994) Am Heart J , vol.127 , pp. 122-128
    • Langewitz, W.1    Ruddel, H.2    Schachinger, H.3
  • 89
    • 0030049622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of slowed respiration on cardiac parasympathetic response to threat
    • 89. Sakakibara M, Hayano J. Effect of slowed respiration on cardiac parasympathetic response to threat. Psychosom Med 1996;58:32-37.
    • (1996) Psychosom Med , vol.58 , pp. 32-37
    • Sakakibara, M.1    Hayano, J.2
  • 90
    • 0027982793 scopus 로고
    • Effect of mental stress throughout the day on cardiac control
    • 90. Sloan RP, Shapiro PA, Bagiella E, et al. Effect of mental stress throughout the day on cardiac control. Biol Psychol 1994;37:89-99.
    • (1994) Biol Psychol , vol.37 , pp. 89-99
    • Sloan, R.P.1    Shapiro, P.A.2    Bagiella, E.3
  • 92
    • 0010758205 scopus 로고
    • The confusing syndromes of cardiovascular autonomic imbalance: Cardiovascular dysautonomias
    • Shapiro AP, Baum A, eds. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • 92. Mitchell JH, Shapiro AP. The confusing syndromes of cardiovascular autonomic imbalance: cardiovascular dysautonomias. In: Shapiro AP, Baum A, eds. Behavioral aspects of cardiovascular disease. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum 1991:75-102.
    • (1991) Behavioral Aspects of Cardiovascular Disease , pp. 75-102
    • Mitchell, J.H.1    Shapiro, A.P.2
  • 93
    • 0032198915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anxiety and autonomic flexibility: A cardiovascular approach
    • in press
    • 93. Friedman BH, Thayer JT. Anxiety and autonomic flexibility: a cardiovascular approach. Biol Psychol (in press).
    • Biol Psychol
    • Friedman, B.H.1    Thayer, J.T.2
  • 97
    • 0028577491 scopus 로고
    • Reduced plasma noradrenaline and abnormal heart rate variability in resting panic disorder patients
    • 97. Middleton HC, Ashby M, Robbins TW. Reduced plasma noradrenaline and abnormal heart rate variability in resting panic disorder patients. Biol Psychiatry 1994;36:847-849.
    • (1994) Biol Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 847-849
    • Middleton, H.C.1    Ashby, M.2    Robbins, T.W.3
  • 98
    • 0028566121 scopus 로고
    • Are affective disorders associated with alterations of heart rate variability?
    • 98. Rechlin T, Weis M, Spitzer A, Kaschka W. Are affective disorders associated with alterations of heart rate variability? J Affect Disord 1994;32:271-275.
    • (1994) J Affect Disord , vol.32 , pp. 271-275
    • Rechlin, T.1    Weis, M.2    Spitzer, A.3    Kaschka, W.4
  • 102
    • 0025010093 scopus 로고
    • Decreased R-R variance in panic disorder patients
    • 102. Yeragani VK, Balon R, Pohl R, et al. Decreased R-R variance in panic disorder patients. Acta Psychiatrica Scand 1990;81:554-559.
    • (1990) Acta Psychiatrica Scand , vol.81 , pp. 554-559
    • Yeragani, V.K.1    Balon, R.2    Pohl, R.3
  • 103
    • 0027526260 scopus 로고
    • Decreased heart rate variability in panic disorder patients: A study of power spectral analysis of heart rate
    • 103. Yeragani VK, Balon R, Berger R, et al. Decreased heart rate variability in panic disorder patients: a study of power spectral analysis of heart rate. Psychiatry Res 1993;46:89-103.
    • (1993) Psychiatry Res , vol.46 , pp. 89-103
    • Yeragani, V.K.1    Balon, R.2    Berger, R.3
  • 104
    • 0026786295 scopus 로고
    • Effects of yohimbine on heart rate variability in panic disorder patients and normal controls: A study of power spectral analysis of heart rate
    • 104. Yeragani VK, Berger R, Pohl R, et al. Effects of yohimbine on heart rate variability in panic disorder patients and normal controls: a study of power spectral analysis of heart rate. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1992;20:609-618.
    • (1992) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.20 , pp. 609-618
    • Yeragani, V.K.1    Berger, R.2    Pohl, R.3
  • 105
    • 0025726408 scopus 로고
    • Heart rate variability in patients with major depression
    • 105. Yeragani VK, Pohl R. Balon R, et al. Heart rate variability in patients with major depression. Psychiatry Res 1991;37:35-46.
    • (1991) Psychiatry Res , vol.37 , pp. 35-46
    • Yeragani, V.K.1    Pohl, R.2    Balon, R.3
  • 108
    • 0021352959 scopus 로고
    • Physiological responses in blood phobics
    • 108. Ost LG, Sterner U, Lindahl I. Physiological responses in blood phobics. Behav Res Ther 1984; 22:109-117.
    • (1984) Behav Res Ther , vol.22 , pp. 109-117
    • Ost, L.G.1    Sterner, U.2    Lindahl, I.3
  • 109
    • 0028271901 scopus 로고
    • Vagal attenuation in panic disorder: An assessment of parasympathetic nervous system function and subjective reactivity to respiratory manipulations
    • 109. Asmundson GJG, Stein MB. Vagal attenuation in panic disorder: an assessment of parasympathetic nervous system function and subjective reactivity to respiratory manipulations. Psychosom Med 1994;56:187-193.
    • (1994) Psychosom Med , vol.56 , pp. 187-193
    • Asmundson, G.J.G.1    Stein, M.B.2
  • 110
    • 0002624435 scopus 로고
    • Autonomic regulation and attention
    • Campbell BA, Hayne H, Richardson R, eds. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • 110. Forges SW. Autonomic regulation and attention. In: Campbell BA, Hayne H, Richardson R, eds. Attention and information processing in infants and adults. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum 1992:201-223.
    • (1992) Attention and Information Processing in Infants and Adults , pp. 201-223
    • Forges, S.W.1
  • 112
    • 0001605144 scopus 로고
    • Psychophysiological correlates of emotional reactivity during the first year of life
    • 112. Fox NA. Psychophysiological correlates of emotional reactivity during the first year of life. Devel Psychol 1989;25:495-504.
    • (1989) Devel Psychol , vol.25 , pp. 495-504
    • Fox, N.A.1
  • 113
    • 0002714053 scopus 로고
    • Vagal tone: An autonomic mediator of affect
    • Barber J, Dodge KA, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • 113. Forges SW. Vagal tone: an autonomic mediator of affect. In: Barber J, Dodge KA, eds. The development of emotion regulation and dysregulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1991: 111-128.
    • (1991) The Development of Emotion Regulation and Dysregulation , pp. 111-128
    • Forges, S.W.1
  • 114
  • 115
    • 0002675797 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral inhibition and sympathetic influence on the cardiovascular system
    • Reznick JS, ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • 115. Snidman N. Behavioral inhibition and sympathetic influence on the cardiovascular system. In: Reznick JS, ed. Perspectives on behavioral inhibition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1989: 51-70.
    • (1989) Perspectives on Behavioral Inhibition , pp. 51-70
    • Snidman, N.1
  • 116
    • 0022496565 scopus 로고
    • Genetics of fear and anxiety disorders
    • 116. Marks IM. Genetics of fear and anxiety disorders. Br J Psychiatry 1986;149:406-418.
    • (1986) Br J Psychiatry , vol.149 , pp. 406-418
    • Marks, I.M.1
  • 117
    • 0002478751 scopus 로고
    • Roles of activation and inhibition in sex differences in cognitive abilities
    • 117. Broverman DM, Klaiber EL, Kobayashi Y, Vogel W. Roles of activation and inhibition in sex differences in cognitive abilities. Psychol Rev 1968;75:23-50.
    • (1968) Psychol Rev , vol.75 , pp. 23-50
    • Broverman, D.M.1    Klaiber, E.L.2    Kobayashi, Y.3    Vogel, W.4
  • 119
    • 0010717417 scopus 로고
    • An interactional paradigm for research in psychopathology
    • Magnusson D, Ohman A, eds. Orlando, Florida: Academic
    • 119. Ohman A, Magnusson D. An interactional paradigm for research in psychopathology. In: Magnusson D, Ohman A, eds. Psychopathology: an interactional perspective. Orlando, Florida: Academic 1987:3-21.
    • (1987) Psychopathology: An Interactional Perspective , pp. 3-21
    • Ohman, A.1    Magnusson, D.2
  • 120
    • 0028341217 scopus 로고
    • Genetic markers, temperament, and psychopathology
    • 120. Belmaker RH, Biederman J. Genetic markers, temperament, and psychopathology. Biol Psychiatry 1994;36:71-72.
    • (1994) Biol Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 71-72
    • Belmaker, R.H.1    Biederman, J.2
  • 121
    • 0002500290 scopus 로고
    • On the grounds for detaching a particular syndrome from neurasthenia under the description 'anxiety neurosis.'
    • Strachey J, ed. and trans. London: Hogarth (Original work published 1895)
    • 121. Freud S. On the grounds for detaching a particular syndrome from neurasthenia under the description 'anxiety neurosis.' In: Strachey J, ed. and trans. The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (vol. III). London: Hogarth 1962:90-115 (Original work published 1895)
    • (1962) The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud , vol.3 , pp. 90-115
    • Freud, S.1
  • 122
    • 0007218190 scopus 로고
    • A reply to criticisms of my paper on anxiety neurosis
    • Strachey J, ed. and trans. London: Hogarth (Original work published 1895)
    • 122. Freud S. A reply to criticisms of my paper on anxiety neurosis. In: Strachey J, ed. and trans. The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (vol. III). London: Hogarth 1962:123-139. (Original work published 1895)
    • (1962) The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud , vol.3 , pp. 123-139
    • Freud, S.1
  • 124
    • 0020428329 scopus 로고
    • Are there anticompulsive or atiphobic drugs? Review of the evidence
    • 124. Marks I. Are there anticompulsive or atiphobic drugs? Review of the evidence. Psychopharmacol Bull 1982;18:70-84.
    • (1982) Psychopharmacol Bull , vol.18 , pp. 70-84
    • Marks, I.1
  • 125
    • 85137505846 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of panic
    • Rachman S, Maser JD, eds. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • 125. Turner SM, Beidel DC, Jacob RG. Assessment of panic. In: Rachman S, Maser JD, eds. Panic: Psychological perspectives. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum 1988:37-50.
    • (1988) Panic: Psychological Perspectives , pp. 37-50
    • Turner, S.M.1    Beidel, D.C.2    Jacob, R.G.3
  • 127
    • 0023948724 scopus 로고
    • The peripheral sympathetic nervous system: Its role in pathological anxiety
    • 127. Hoehn-Saric R, McLeod DR. The peripheral sympathetic nervous system: its role in pathological anxiety. Psychiatric Clin N Am 1988;11:375-386.
    • (1988) Psychiatric Clin N Am , vol.11 , pp. 375-386
    • Hoehn-Saric, R.1    McLeod, D.R.2
  • 128
    • 0020382454 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of generalized anxiety disorder with panic disorder patients
    • 128. Hoehn-Saric R. A comparison of generalized anxiety disorder with panic disorder patients. Psychopharmacol Bull 1982;18:104-108.
    • (1982) Psychopharmacol Bull , vol.18 , pp. 104-108
    • Hoehn-Saric, R.1
  • 129
    • 0024842681 scopus 로고
    • Somatic manifestations in women with generalized anxiety disorder
    • 129. Hoehn-Saric R, McLeod DR, Zimmerli WD. Somatic manifestations in women with generalized anxiety disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989;46:1113-1119.
    • (1989) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1113-1119
    • Hoehn-Saric, R.1    McLeod, D.R.2    Zimmerli, W.D.3
  • 130
    • 0027304951 scopus 로고
    • Generalized anxiety disorder with early and late onset of anxiety symptoms
    • 130. Hoehn-Saric R, Hazlett RL, McLeod DR. Generalized anxiety disorder with early and late onset of anxiety symptoms. Compreh Psychiatry 1993;34:291-298.
    • (1993) Compreh Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 291-298
    • Hoehn-Saric, R.1    Hazlett, R.L.2    McLeod, D.R.3
  • 132
    • 0029153859 scopus 로고
    • Vagal tone in generalized anxiety disorder and the effects of aversive imagery and worrisome thinking
    • 132. Lyonfield JD, Borkovec TD, Thayer JF. Vagal tone in generalized anxiety disorder and the effects of aversive imagery and worrisome thinking. Behav Ther 1995;26:457-466.
    • (1995) Behav Ther , vol.26 , pp. 457-466
    • Lyonfield, J.D.1    Borkovec, T.D.2    Thayer, J.F.3
  • 133
    • 0030002473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autonomic characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder and worry
    • 133. Thayer JF, Friedman BH, Borkovec TD. Autonomic characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder and worry. Biol Psychiatry 1996;39:255-266.
    • (1996) Biol Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 255-266
    • Thayer, J.F.1    Friedman, B.H.2    Borkovec, T.D.3
  • 134
    • 0025353541 scopus 로고
    • Perspectives on the relationship between cardiovascular disease and affective disorder
    • 134. Dalack GW, Roose SP. Perspectives on the relationship between cardiovascular disease and affective disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 1990;51(suppl. 1):5-9.
    • (1990) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.51 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 5-9
    • Dalack, G.W.1    Roose, S.P.2
  • 135
    • 0028079885 scopus 로고
    • Decreased parameters of heart rate variation in amitriptyline treated patients: Lower parameters in melancholic depression than in neurotic depression - A biological marker?
    • 135. Rechlin T. Decreased parameters of heart rate variation in amitriptyline treated patients: lower parameters in melancholic depression than in neurotic depression - a biological marker? Biol Psychiatry 1994;36:705-707.
    • (1994) Biol Psychiatry , vol.36 , pp. 705-707
    • Rechlin, T.1
  • 136
    • 0024313162 scopus 로고
    • Elevated sleep and waking heart rates in anxious depressions
    • 136. Abramson L, Keshavan MS, Sitaram N. Elevated sleep and waking heart rates in anxious depressions. Biol Psychiatry 1989;26:496-499.
    • (1989) Biol Psychiatry , vol.26 , pp. 496-499
    • Abramson, L.1    Keshavan, M.S.2    Sitaram, N.3
  • 137
    • 0025682974 scopus 로고
    • Nosological tunnel vision in biological psychiatry: A plea for functional psychopathology
    • 137. van Praag HM, Asnis GM, Kahn RS, et al. Nosological tunnel vision in biological psychiatry: a plea for functional psychopathology. Ann NY Acad Sci 1990;600:501-510.
    • (1990) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.600 , pp. 501-510
    • Van Praag, H.M.1    Asnis, G.M.2    Kahn, R.S.3
  • 138
    • 0023240012 scopus 로고
    • Symptoms of anxiety and symptoms of depression: Same genes, different environments?
    • 138. Kendler KS, Heath AC, Martin NG, Eaves LJ. Symptoms of anxiety and symptoms of depression: same genes, different environments? Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987:44:451-457.
    • (1987) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 451-457
    • Kendler, K.S.1    Heath, A.C.2    Martin, N.G.3    Eaves, L.J.4
  • 139
    • 0028266485 scopus 로고
    • Exposure reduced agoraphobia but not panic, and cognitive therapy reduced panic but not agoraphobia
    • 139. van den Hout M, Arntz A, Hoekstra R. Exposure reduced agoraphobia but not panic, and cognitive therapy reduced panic but not agoraphobia. Behav Res Ther 1994;32:447-451.
    • (1994) Behav Res Ther , vol.32 , pp. 447-451
    • Van Den Hout, M.1    Arntz, A.2    Hoekstra, R.3
  • 140
    • 0010754275 scopus 로고
    • The electrocardiogram in neurocirculatory asthenia (anxiety neurosis, or neurasthenia): A study of 203 neurocirculatory asthenia patients and 757 healthy controls in the Framingham study
    • 140. Kannel WB, Dawber TR, Cohen ME. The electrocardiogram in neurocirculatory asthenia (anxiety neurosis, or neurasthenia): a study of 203 neurocirculatory asthenia patients and 757 healthy controls in the Framingham study. Ann Intern Med 1958;49:1351-1361.
    • (1958) Ann Intern Med , vol.49 , pp. 1351-1361
    • Kannel, W.B.1    Dawber, T.R.2    Cohen, M.E.3
  • 141
    • 0019178443 scopus 로고
    • Electrocardiographic characteristics of neurocirculatory asthenia during everyday activities
    • 141. Tzivoni D, Stern Z, Keren A, Stern S. Electrocardiographic characteristics of neurocirculatory asthenia during everyday activities. Br Heart J 1980;44:426-432.
    • (1980) Br Heart J , vol.44 , pp. 426-432
    • Tzivoni, D.1    Stern, Z.2    Keren, A.3    Stern, S.4
  • 143
    • 0025983068 scopus 로고
    • Biobehavioral factors in sudden cardiac death
    • 143. Kamarck TW, Jennings JR. Biobehavioral factors in sudden cardiac death. Psychol Bull 1991; 109:17-28.
    • (1991) Psychol Bull , vol.109 , pp. 17-28
    • Kamarck, T.W.1    Jennings, J.R.2
  • 144
    • 0010754122 scopus 로고
    • The experimental study of behaviorally induced arrhythmias
    • Schneiderman S, Weiss M, Kaufmann PG, eds. New York: Plenum
    • 144. Saini V, Verrier RL. The experimental study of behaviorally induced arrhythmias. In: Schneiderman S, Weiss M, Kaufmann PG, eds. Handbook of research methods in cardiovascular behavioral medicine. New York: Plenum 1989:51-67.
    • (1989) Handbook of Research Methods in Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine , pp. 51-67
    • Saini, V.1    Verrier, R.L.2
  • 145
    • 84913975478 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac arrhythmias
    • Stein JH, ed. Boston: Little. Brown
    • 145. Williams ES, Fisch C. Cardiac arrhythmias. In: Stein JH, ed. Internal medicine, 3rd ed. Boston: Little. Brown 1990:66-84.
    • (1990) Internal Medicine, 3rd Ed. , pp. 66-84
    • Williams, E.S.1    Fisch, C.2
  • 147
    • 0021948262 scopus 로고
    • Excess mortality among psychiatric patients: The Iowa recordlinkage study
    • 147. Black DW, Warrack G, Winokur G. Excess mortality among psychiatric patients: the Iowa recordlinkage study. JAMA 1985:253:58-61.
    • (1985) JAMA , vol.253 , pp. 58-61
    • Black, D.W.1    Warrack, G.2    Winokur, G.3
  • 148
    • 0025130823 scopus 로고
    • Panic disorder and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular problems: Results from a community survey
    • 148. Weissman MM, Markowitz JS, Ouellette R, Greenwald S. Kahn JP. Panic disorder and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular problems: results from a community survey. Am J Psychiatry 1990;147: 1504-1508.
    • (1990) Am J Psychiatry , vol.147 , pp. 1504-1508
    • Weissman, M.M.1    Markowitz, J.S.2    Ouellette, R.3    Greenwald, S.4    Kahn, J.P.5
  • 149
    • 0019966965 scopus 로고
    • Excess mortality in panic disorder: A comparison with primary unipolar depression
    • 149. Coryell W, Noyes R, Clancy J. Excess mortality in panic disorder: a comparison with primary unipolar depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982;39:701-703.
    • (1982) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 701-703
    • Coryell, W.1    Noyes, R.2    Clancy, J.3
  • 150
    • 0022580222 scopus 로고
    • Mortality among patients with anxiety disorders
    • 150. Coryell W, Noyes R, House JD. Mortality among patients with anxiety disorders. Am J Psychiatry 1986;39:508-510.
    • (1986) Am J Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 508-510
    • Coryell, W.1    Noyes, R.2    House, J.D.3
  • 151
    • 0002464659 scopus 로고
    • Heart rate variability in generalized anxiety disorder
    • 151. Friedman BH, Thayer JF, Borkovec TD. Heart rate variability in generalized anxiety disorder [abstract]. Psychophysiology 1993;30(suppl):S28.
    • (1993) Psychophysiology , vol.30 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Friedman, B.H.1    Thayer, J.F.2    Borkovec, T.D.3
  • 152
    • 0028830963 scopus 로고
    • Clinical recovery from panic disorder is associated with evidence of changes in cardiovascular regulation
    • 152. Middleton HC, Ashby M. Clinical recovery from panic disorder is associated with evidence of changes in cardiovascular regulation. Acta Psychiatrica Scand 1995;91:108-113.
    • (1995) Acta Psychiatrica Scand , vol.91 , pp. 108-113
    • Middleton, H.C.1    Ashby, M.2
  • 153
    • 0028348665 scopus 로고
    • Effect of relaxation training on cardiac parasympathetic tone
    • 153. Sakakibara M, Takeuchi S, Hayano J. Effect of relaxation training on cardiac parasympathetic tone. Psychophysiology 1994;31:223-228.
    • (1994) Psychophysiology , vol.31 , pp. 223-228
    • Sakakibara, M.1    Takeuchi, S.2    Hayano, J.3
  • 156
    • 0010715063 scopus 로고
    • Studies of autonomic balance in children and adults
    • Greenfield NS, Sternbach RA, eds. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston
    • 156. Wenger MA, Cullen TD. Studies of autonomic balance in children and adults. In: Greenfield NS, Sternbach RA, eds. Handbook of psychophysiology. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston 1972:535-570.
    • (1972) Handbook of Psychophysiology , pp. 535-570
    • Wenger, M.A.1    Cullen, T.D.2
  • 158
    • 0028198765 scopus 로고
    • Psychiatry and the new dynamics
    • 158. Globus GG, Arpaia JP. Psychiatry and the new dynamics. Biol Psychiatry 1992;35:352-364.
    • (1992) Biol Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 352-364
    • Globus, G.G.1    Arpaia, J.P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.