Multicenter evaluation of the Clostridium difficile TOX A/B test

Journal of Clinical Microbiology

Volumn 36, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 184-190

  Lyerly, D M ^a   Neville, L M ^a   Evans, D T ^a   Fill, J ^b   Allen, S ^b   Greene, W ^c   Sautter, R ^d   Hnatuck, P ^d   Torpey, D J ^e   Schwalbe, R ^e  

^a TECHLAB INC   (United States)

^b INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c PENN STATE MILTON S HERSHEY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d Pinnacle Health System   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE TOXIN A; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE TOXIN B;

ARTICLE; BACTERIUM IDENTIFICATION; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TISSUE CULTURE;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE;

EID: 0031975060     PISSN: 00951137     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.36.1.184-190.1998     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Aktories, K., and I. Just. 1995. Monoglucosylation of low-molecular-mass GTP-binding rho proteins by clostridial cytotoxins. Trends Cell Biol. 5:441-443.
2. Barroso, L. A., S. Z. Wang, C. J. Phelps, J. L. Johnson, and T. D. Wilkins. 1990. Nucleotide sequence of Clostridium difficile toxin B gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:4004.
3. Bartlett, J. G. 1995. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, p. 893-904. In M. J. Blaser, P. D. Smith, J. I. Ravdin, H. B. Greenberg, and R. L. Guerrant (ed.), Infection of the gastrointestinal tract. Raven Press, New York, N.Y.
4. Bender, B. S., B. E. Laughon, C. Gaydos, M. S. Forman, R. Bennett, W. B. Greenough III, S. D. Sears, and J. G. Bartlett. 1986. Is Clostridium difficile endemic in chronic-care facilities? Lancet i:11-13.
5. Borriello, S. P., B. W. Wren, S. Hyde, S. V. Seddon, P. Sibbons, M. M. Krishna, S. Tabaqchali, S. Manek, and A. B. Price. 1992. Molecular, immunological, and biological characterization of a toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive strain of Clostridium difficile. Infect. Immun. 60:4192-4199.
6. Clabots, C. R., S. Johnson, M. M. Olson, L. R. Peterson, and D. N. Gerding. 1992. Acquisition of Clostridium difficile by hospitalized patients: evidence for colonized new admissions as a source of infection. J. Infect. Dis. 166: 561-567.
7. Delmee, M., G. Verellen, V. Avesani, and G. François, 1988. Clostridium difficile in neonates: serogrouping and epidemiology. Eur. J. Pediatr. 147: 36-40.
8. Depitre, C., M. Delmee, V. Avesani, R. L'Haridon, A. Roels, M. Popoff, and G. Corthier. 1993. Serogroup F strains of Clostridium difficile produce toxin B but not toxin A. J. Med. Microbiol. 38:434-441.
9. Dove, C. H., S. Z. Wang, S. B. Price, C. J. Phelps, D. M. Lyerly, T. D. Wilkins, and J. L. Johnson. 1990. Molecular characterization of the Clostridium difficile toxin A gene. Infect. Immun. 58:480-488.
10. Frey, S. M., and T. D. Wilkins. 1992. Localization of two epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibody PCG-4 on Clostridium difficile toxin A. Infect. Immun. 60:2488-2492.
11. George, W. L., V. L. Sutter, D. Citron, and S. M. Finegold. 1979. Selective and differential medium for isolation of Clostridium difficile. J. Clin. Microbiol. 9:214-219.
12. Green, G. A., V. Schue, R. Giarardot, and H. Monteil. 1996. Characterization of an enterotoxin-negative, cytotoxin-positive strain of Clostridium sordellii. J. Med. Microbiol. 44:60-64.
13. Just, I., G. Fritz, K. Aktories, M. Giry, M. R. Popoff, P. Boquet, S. Hegenbarth, and C. Von Eichel-Streiber. 1994. Clostridium difficile toxin B acts on the GTP-binding protein rho. J. Biol. Chem. 269:10706-10712.
14. Kato, H., N. Kato, K. Fukui, A. Ohara, and K. Watanabe. 1997. High prevalence of toxin A-negative/toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile strains among adult inpatients. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 3:220.
15. Krivan, H. C., G. F. Clark, D. F. Smith, and T. D. Wilkins. 1986. Cell surface binding site for Clostridium difficile enterotoxin: evidence for a glycoconjugate containing the sequence Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc. Infect. Immun. 53: 573-581.
16. Lima, A. A. M., D. M. Lyerly, T. D. Wilkins, D. J. Innes, and R. L. Guerrant. 1988. Effects of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B in rabbit small and large intestine in vivo and on cultured cells in vitro. Infect. Immun. 56:582-588.
17. Lyerly, D. M., L. A. Barroso, T. D. Wilkins, C. Depitre, and G. Corthier. 1992. Characterization of a toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive strain of Clostridium difficile. Infect. Immun. 60:4633-4639.
18. Lyerly, D. M., J. L. Johnson, and T. D. Wilkins. 1989. Characterization of the binding portion of Clostridium difficile toxin A. Microecol. Ther. 19:233-237.
19. Lyerly, D. M., M. D. Roberts, C. J. Phelps, and T. D. Wilkins. 1986. Properties of toxins A and B of Clostridium difficile. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 33: 31-35.
20. Lyerly, D. M., K. E. Saum, D. K. MacDonald, and T. D. Wilkins. 1985. Effects of Clostridium difficile toxins given intragastrically to animals. Infect. Immun. 47:349-352.
21. Lyerly, D. M., and T. D. Wilkins. 1995. Clostridium difficile, p. 867-891. In M. J. Blaser, P. D. Smith, J. I. Ravdin, H. B. Greenberg, and R. L. Guerrant (ed.), Infection of the gastrointestinal tract. Raven Press, New York, N.Y.
22. Lyerly, D. M., and T. D. Wilkins. Unpublished data.
23. Martinez, R. D., and T. D. Wilkins. 1988. Purification and characterization of Clostridium sordellii hemorrhagic toxin and cross-reactivity with Clostridium difficile toxin A (enterotoxin). Infect. Immun. 56:1215-1221.
24. Martinez, R. D., and T. D. Wilkins. 1992. Comparison of Clostridium sordellii toxins HT and LT with toxins A and B of C. difficile. J. Med. Microbiol. 36:30-36.
25. McFarland, L. V., M. E. Mulligan, R. Y. Y. Kwok, and W. E. Stamm. 1989. Nosocomial acquisition of Clostridium difficile infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 320:204-210.
26. Moore, L. V. H., D. M. Bourne, and W. E. C. Moore. 1994. Comparative distribution and taxonomic value of cellular fatty acids in thirty-three genera of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44:338-347.
27. Popoff, M. R. 1987. Purification and characterization of Clostridium sordellii lethal toxin and cross-reactivity with Clostridium difficile cytotoxin. Infect. Immun. 55:35-43.
28. Torres, J. F. 1991. Purification and characterization of toxin B from a strain of Clostridium difficile that does not produce toxin A. J. Med. Microbiol. 35:40-44.
29. Triadafilopoulos, G., C. Pothoulakis, M. J. O'Brien, and J. T. LaMont. 1987. Differential effects of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B on rabbit ileum. Gastroenterology 93:273-279.
30. Von Eichel-Streiber, C., D. Heringdorf, E. Habermann, and S. Sartingen. 1995. Closing in on the toxic domain through analysis of a variant Clostridium difficile cytotoxin B. Mol. Microbiol. 17:313-321.
31. Von Eichel-Streiber, C., R. Laufenberg-Feldman, S. Sartingen, J. Schulze, and M. Sauerborn. 1992. Comparative sequence analysis of the Clostridium difficile toxins A and B. Mol. Gen. Genet. 233:260-268.