Phytoestrogens: Potential endocrine disruptors in males

Toxicology and Industrial Health

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 223-237

  Santti, Risto ^a   Mäkelä, Sari ^a   Strauss, Leena ^a   Korkman, Johanna ^a   Kostian, Marja Lsa ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURKU   (Finland)

Author keywords

17 hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase; diethylstilbestrol; flavonoids; male; prostate

Indexed keywords

AROMATASE; COUMESTROL DERIVATIVE; DAIDZEIN; DIETHYLSTILBESTROL; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; FLAVONOID; GENISTEIN; ISOFLAVONOID; LIGNAN; PHYTOESTROGEN; TESTOSTERONE 17BETA DEHYDROGENASE;

CONFERENCE PAPER; DEVELOPMENT; DIET; DOSE RESPONSE; ESTROGEN ACTIVITY; HUMAN; HYPOPHYSIS GONAD SYSTEM; MALE; MALE GENITAL SYSTEM; MALE GENITAL TRACT TUMOR; NONHUMAN; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; SEX DIFFERENTIATION; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR;

ANIMALS; DIET; DIETHYLSTILBESTROL; ESTROGENS, NON-STEROIDAL; GENITAL DISEASES, MALE; HUMANS; MALE; MICE; PLANTS, EDIBLE; RATS; REPRODUCTION; SEX CHARACTERISTICS; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL;

ANIMALIA; RODENTIA;

EID: 0031973535     PISSN: 07482337     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/074823379801400114     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Adlercreutz, H. (1995). “Phytoestrogens: Epidemiology and a possible role in cancer protection.” Environ. Health Perspect. 103 (Suppl. 7):103-112.
2. Adlercreutz, H., MOUSAVI, Y, Clark, J., Höckerstedt, K., Hämäläinen, E., Wähälä, K., Mäkelä, T., and Hase, T. (1992). “ Dietary phytoestrogens and cancer: In vitro and in vivo studies.” J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 41:331-337.
3. Adlercreutz, H., Bannwart, C., Wähälä, K., Mäkelä, T., Brunow, G., Hase, T., Arosemena, P.J., Kellis, J.T., JR., and Vickery, L.E. (1993a). “Inhibition of human aromatase by mammalian lignans and isoflavonoid phytoestrogens.” J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 44:147-153.
4. Adlercreutz, H., Markkanen, H., and Watanabe, S. (1993b). “Plasma concentrations of phytooestrogens in Japanese men.” Lancet 342:1209-1210.
5. Arnold, S.F., Robinson, M.K., Notides, A.C., Guillette, L.J., and McLachlan, J.A. (1996). “A yeast estrogen screen for examining the relative exposure of cells to natural and xenoestrogens.” Environ. Health Perspect. 104:544-548.
6. Baird, D.D., Umbach, D.M., Lansdell, L., Hughes, C.L., Setchell, K.D.R., Weinberg, C.R., Haney, A.F., Wilcox, A.J., and McLachlan, J.A. (1995). “Dietary intervention study to assess estrogenicity of dietary soy among postmenopausal women.” J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80:1685-1690.
7. Cassidy, A., Bingham, S., and Setchell, K.D.R. (1994). “Biological effects of a diet of soy protein rich in isoflavones on the menstrual cycle of premenopausal women.” Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 60:333-340.
8. De Jong, F.H., Oishi, K., Hayes, R.B., Bogdanowicz, J.F.A.T., Raatgever, J.W., Van Der Maas, P.J., Yoshida, O., and Schroeder, F.H. (1991). “Peripheral hormone levels in controls and patients with prostatic cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia: Results from the Dutch-Japanese case-control study.” Cancer Res. 51:3445-3450.
9. Evans, B.A.J., Griffiths, K., and Morton, M.S. (1995). “Inhibition of 5α-reductase in genital skin fibroblasts and prostate tissue by dietary lignans and isoflavonoids.” J. Endocrinol. 147:295-302.
10. Faber, K.A. and Hughes, C.L. (1991). “The effect of neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol, genistein and zearalenone on pituitary responsiveness and sexually dimorphic nucleus volume in the castrated adult rat.” Biol. Reprod. 45:649-653.
11. Gill, W.B. (1988). “Effects on human males of in utero exposure to exogenous sex hormones.” In: Toxicity of Hormones in Perinatal Life (T. Mori and H. Nagasawa, eds.). CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, LA. pp. 161–177.
12. Hogan, M.D., Newbold, R.R., and McLachlan, J.A. (1987). “Extrapolation of teratogenic responses observed in laboratory animal to humans: DES as an illustrative example.” In: Developmental Toxicology: Mechanisms and Risk (J.A. McLachlan, R.M. Pratt, and C.L. Markert, eds.). 26 Banbury Report. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, NY. pp. 257–269.
13. Ibrahim, A.-R. and Abul-Hajj, Y.J. (1990). “Aromatase inhibition by flavonoids.” J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 37:257-260.
14. Jordan, V.G., Koch, R., and Bain, R.R. (1985). “Prolactin synthesis by cultured rat pituitary cells: An assay to study estrogens, antiestrogens and their metabolites in vitro.” In: Estrogens in the Environment II. Influences on Development (J.A. McLachlan, ed.). Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc. New York, NY. pp. 221–234.
15. Kaldas, R.S. and Hughes, C.L. (1989). “Reproductive and general metabolic effects of phytoestrogens in mammals.” Reprod. Toxicol. 3:81-9.
16. Kellis, J.T. and Vickery, L.E. (1984). “Inhibition of human estrogen synthetase (aromatase) by flavones.” Science 225: 1032-1034.
17. Lehtimäki, J., Mäkelä, S., Viljamaa, J., Yagi, A., Paranko, J., and Santti, R. (1996). “Neonatal estrogenization of the male mouse results in urethral dysfunction.” J. Urol. 156:2098-2103.
18. Lubahn, D.B., Moyer, J.S., Golding, T.S., Couse, J.F., Korach, K.S., and Smithies, O. (1993). “Alteration of reproductive function but not prenatal sexual development after insertional disruption of the mouse estrogen receptor gene.” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 90:11162-11166.
19. Maclatchy, D.L. and VAN Der Kraak, G.J. (1995). “The phytoestrogen β-sitosterol alters the reproductive endocrine status of goldfish” Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 134:305-312.
20. Mäkelä, S., Santti, R., Martikainen, P., Nienstedt, W., and Paranko, J. (1990). “The influence of steroidal and nonsteroidal estrogens on the 5α-reduction of testosterone by the ventral prostate of the rat.” J. Steroid Biochem. 35:249-256.
21. Mäkelä, S., Davis, V.L., Tally, W.C., Korkman, J., Salo, L., Vihko, R., Santti, R., and Korach, K. (1994). “Dietary estrogens act through estrogen receptor mediated processes and show no antiestrogenicity in cultured breast cancer cells.” Environ. Health Perspect. 102:572-578.
22. Mäkelä, S., Poutanen, M., Kostian, M.-L., Lehtimäki, N., Salo, L., Santti, R., and Vihko, R. (1995a). “Inhibition of 17β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase by flavonoids in breast and prostate cancer cells.” Third International Conference on Phytoestrogens. December 3-6. Little Rock, AK.
23. Mäkelä, S., Poutanen, M., Lehtimäki, J., Kostian, M.-L., Santti, R., and Vihko, R. (1995b). “Estrogen-specific 17β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase type I (E.C. 1.1.1.62) as a possible target for the action of phytoestrogens. “ Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 208:51-59.
24. Mäkelä, S.I., Pylkkänen, L., Santti, R.S.S., and Adlercreutz, H. (1995c). “Dietary soybean may be antiestrogenic in male mice.” J. Nutr. 125:437-445.
25. Mäkelä, S., Santti, R., Salo, L., and McLachlan, J.A. (1995d). “Phytoestrogens are partial estrogen agonists in the adult male mouse.” Environ. Health Perspect. 103(Suppl. 7):123-127.
26. Markaverich, B.M., Roberts, R.R., Alejandro, M.A., Johnson, G.A., Middleditch, B.S., and Clark, J.H. (1988). “Bioflavonoid interaction with rat uterine type II binding sites and cell growth inhibition.” J. Steroid Biochem. 30:71-78
27. Martin, P.M., Horwitz, K.B., Ryan, D.S., and McGuire, W.L. (1978). “Phytoestrogen interaction with estrogen receptors in human breast cancer cells.” Endocrinology 103:1860-1867.
28. Masumori, N., Tsukamoto, T., Kumamoto, Y., Miyake, H., Rhodes, T., Girman, C.J., Guess, H.A., Jacobsen, S.J., and Lieber, M.M. (1996). “Japanese men have smaller prostate volumes but comparable urinary flow rates relative to American men: Results of community based studies in 2 countries.” J. Urol. 155:1324-1327.
29. Mayr, U., Butsch, A., and Schnieder, S. (1992). “Validation of two in vitro test systems for estrogenic activities with zearalenone, phytoestrogens and cereal extracts.” Toxicology 74:135-149.
30. McDonnel, D.P., Clemm, D.L., Hermann, T., Goldman, M.E., and Pike, J.W. (1995). “Analysis of estrogen receptor function in vitro reveals three distinct classes of antiestrogens.” Mol. Endocrinol. 9:659-669.
31. McLachlan, J.A., Newbold, R.R., and Bullock, B. (1975). “Reproductive tract lesions in male mice exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol.” Science 190:991-992.
32. McMichael-Phillips D.F., Harding, C., Morton, M., Potten, C.S., and Bundred, N.J. (1995). “The effects of soy supplementation on epithelial proliferation in the normal human breast.” In: Program and Abstract Book. Second International Symposium on the Role of Soy in Preventing and Treating Chronic Disease. September 15-18, 1996. Brussels, Belgium. p. 35.
33. Mellanen, P., Petänen, T., Lehtimäki, J., Mäkelä, S., Bylund, G., HOLMBOM, B, MANNILA, E. Oikari, A., and Santti, R. (1996). “ Wood-derived estrogens: Studies in vitro with breast cancer cell lines and in vivo in trout.” Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 136:381-388.
34. MELLANEN, P., SOIMASUO, R., HOLMBOM, B., OIKARI, A., and SANTTI, R. (1997). “Differential expression of vitellogenin gene and CYP1A genes in juvenile whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L. s.l.) exposed to dilute effluents from pulp mills.” Submitted for publication.
35. Miksicek, R.J. (1995). “Estrogenic flavonoids: Structural requirements for biological activity.” Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 208:44-50.
36. Morton, M.S., Wilcox, G., Wahlqwist, M.L., and Griffiths, K. (1994). “Determination of lignans and isoflavonoids in human female plasma following dietary supplementation.” J. Endocrinol. 142:251-259.
37. Mousavi, Y. andAdlercreutz, H. (1992). “Enterolactone and estradiol inhibit each other's proliferative effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells in culture.” J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 41:615-619.
38. Newbold, R.R. and McLachlan, J.A. (1985). “Diethylstilbestrol associated defects in murine genital tract development.” In: Estrogens in the Environment (J.A. McLachlan, ed.). Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc.
39. Pelissaro, C., Bennetau, B., Babin, P., Le Menn, F., and Dunogues, J. (1991). “The estrogenic activity of certain phytoestrogens in the Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baeri.” J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 38:293-299.
40. Pelissaro, C., Flouriot, G., Foucher, J.L., Bennetau, B., Dunogues, J., Le Gac, F., and Sumpter, J.P. (1993). “Vitellogenin synthesis in cultured hepatocytes; An in vitro test for the estrogenic potency of chemicals.” J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 44:263-272.
41. Phipps, W.R., Martini, M.C., Lampe, J.W., Slavin, J.L., and Kurzer, M.S. (1993). “Effect of flax seed ingestion on the menstrual cycle.” J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 77:1215-1219.
42. Poutanen, M., Isomaa, V., Peltoketo, H., and Vihko, R. (1995). “Role of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in endocrine and intracrine estradiol biosynthesis.” J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 55:525-532.
43. Pylkkänen, L., Santti, R., Newbold, R., and McLachlan, J.A. (1991). “Regional differences in the prostate of the neonatally estrogenized mouse.” Prostate 18(2):117-129.
44. Pylkkänen, L., Mäkelä, S., Valve, E., Härkönen, P., Toikkanen, S., and Santti, R. (1993). “Prostatic dysplasia associated with increased expression of c-myc in neonatally estrogenized mice.” J. Urol. 149:1593-1601.
45. Pylkkänen, L., Santti, R., Salo, L., Mäentausta, O., Vihko, R., and Nurmi, M. (1994). “Immunohistochemical localization of estrogen-specific 17β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase in the human and mouse prostate.” Prostate 25:292-300.
46. Pylkkänen, L., Mäkelä, S., and Santti, R. (1996). “Animal models for the preneoplastic lesions of the prostate.” Eur. Urol. 30(2):243-248.
47. Register, B., Bethel, M.A., Thompson, N., Walmer, D., Blohm, P., Ayash, L., and Hughes, C.L. (1995). “The effect of neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol, coumestrol and β-sitosterol on pituitary responsiveness and sexually dimorphic nucleus volume in the castrated adult rat.” Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 208:72-77.
48. Ross, R.K. and Henderson, B.E. (1994). “Do diet and androgens alter prostate cancer risk via a common etiologic pathway?” J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:252-253.
49. Ross, R.K., Bernstein, L., Lobo, R.A., Shimazu, H., Stanczyk, D.Z., Pike, M.C., and Henderson, B.E. (1992). “5-alpha-reductase activity and risk of prostate cancer among Japanese and US white and black males.” Lancet 339:887-889.
50. Ruh, M.F., Zacharewski, T., Connor, K., Howell, J., Chen, I., and Safe, S. (1995). “Naringenin: A weakly estrogenic bioflavonoid that exhibits antiestrogenic activity.” Biochem. Pharmacol. 50:1485-1493.
51. Safe, S. (1995). “Environmental and dietary estrogens and human health: Is there a problem?” Environ. Health Perspect. 103:346-351.
52. Sathyamoorthy, N., Wang, T.T., and Phang, J.M. (1994). “Stimulation of pS2 expression by diet-derived compounds.” Cancer Res. 54:957-961.
53. Sheehan, D.M. (1995). “The case for expanded phytoestrogen research (43824B). “ Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 208:3-5.
54. Shultz, T.D., Bonorden, W.R., and Seaman, W.R. (1991). “Effect of short-term flaxseed consumption on lignan and sex hormone metabolism in men.” Nutrition Res. 11:1089-1100.
55. Whitten, P. and Abernethy, B. (1995a). “Phytoestrogen influences on neonatal androgen production.” Third International Conference on Phytoestrogens. December 3-6. Little Rock, AR.
56. Whitten, P., Lewis, C., Russel, E., and Naftolin, F. (1995b). “Phytoestrogen influences on the development of behavior and gonadotrophin function.” Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 208:82-86.
57. Wilcox, G., Wahlqvist, M.L., Burger, H.G., and Medley, G. (1990). “Oestrogenic effects of plant foods in postmenopausal women.” Br. J. Med. 301:905-906.