The origin of Arctic terrestrial and freshwater tardigrades

Polar Biology

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 177-182

  Pugh, Philip J A ^a   McInnes, Sandra J ^a  

^a BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COLONIZATION; MICROARTHROPOD; ZOOGEOGRAPHY;

ARCTIC;

TARDIGRADA;

EID: 0031968328     PISSN: 07224060     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s003000050232     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Barry RG, Chorley RJ (1982) Atmosphere, weather and climate, (4th edn.) Methuen, London
2. Bernes C (1996) The Nordic environment - unspoilt, exploited, polluted? The Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen
3. Birks HJB (1996) Statistical approaches to interpreting diversity patterns in the Norwegian mountain flora. Ecography 19:332-340
4. Biserov VI (1991) An annotated list of Tardigrada from European Russia. Zool Jahrb Abt Syst Oekol Geogr Tiere 118:193-216
5. Biserov VI (1996a) Tardigrades of the Taimyr Peninsula with descriptions of two new species. Zool J Linn Soc 116:215-237
6. Biserov VI (1996b) The tardigrades of the Novaya Zemlya, collected by the Marine Arctic Complex Expedition in 1994. Arthropoda Selecta 5:151-157
7. Blytt A (1876) Essay on the immigration of the Norwegian flora during alternative dry and rainy periods. Cammermeyer, Oslo
8. Broady PA (1989) Survey of algae and other terrestrial biota at Edward VII Point Marie Byrd Land. Antarct Sci 1:215-224
9. Charlesworth JK (1957) The Quaternary Era 1. Edward Arnold, London
10. Cooper KW (1964) The first fossil tardigrade: Beorn leggi Cooper from Cretaceous amber. Psyche 41:41-48
11. Dastych H (1975) Some Tardigrada from the Himalayas (Nepal) with a description of Echiniscus (E. ) nepalensis n.sp. In: Higgins RP (ed) International Symposium on Tardigrades, Pallanza, Italy. Mem Ist Ital Idrobiol Dott Marco de Maroni Pallanza Italy 32 [Suppl]:61-68
12. Dastych H (1985) West Spitzbergen Tardigrada. Acta Zool Cracov 28:169-214
13. Dastych H (1993) Redescription of the cryoconital tardigrade Hypsibius klebelsbergi Mihelčič, 1959, with notes on the microslide collection of the late Dr. F. Mihelčič. Veröff Mus Ferdinandeum Innsbruck 73:5-12
14. Dastych H, Drummond AE (1996) Notes on limnic water-bears (Tardigrada) from the Robertskollen nunataks, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Entomol Mitt Zool Mus Hamburg 12:111-117
15. Dastych H, Harris JM (1994) A new species of the genus Hebesuncus from the Antarctic nunataks, Dronning Maud Land (Tardigrada). Entomol Mitt Zool Mus Hamburg 11:139-145
16. Dastych H, Harris JM (1995) A new species of the genus Macrobiotus from inland nunataks in western Dronning Maud Land, Continental Antarctica (Tardigrada). Entomol Mitt Zool Mus Hamburg 11:175-182
17. Dastych H, Ryan RG, Watkins BP (1990) Notes on Tardigrada from Western Dronning Maud Land (Antarctica) with a description of two new species. Entomol Mitt Zool Mus Hamburg 10:57-66
18. DEMR - Department of Energy, Mines and Resources (1974) The national atlas of Canada, 4th revised edn. Macmillan, Toronto
19. Drygalski E von (1879) Grönlander-Expedition der Gesellschaft, für Erdkunde zu Berlin 1891-1893. Kühl, Berlin
20. Franklin FA, Hodge PW, Wright FW, Langway CC Jr (1967) Determination of the densities of individual meteoritic, glacial and volcanic spherules. J Geophys Res 72:2543-2546
21. Gerdel RW, Drouet F (1960) The cryoconite of the Thule area, Greenland. Trans Am Microsc Soc 79:256-272
22. Grøngaard A, Kristensen NM, Petersen MK (1992) Tardigradfaunaen på Disko. In: Andersen PF, Düwel L, Hansen OS (eds) Feltkursus i Arktisk Biologi, Godhavn 1990. University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, pp 155-174
23. Hallas TE, Yeates GW (1972) Tardigrada of the soil and litter of a Danish beech forest. Pedobiologia 12:287-304
24. Ives JD (1974) Biological refugia and the nunatak hypothesis. In: Ives JD, Barry RG (eds) Arctic and alpine environments. Methuen, London, pp 605-636
25. Jankovska V (1991) Unbenkannte in Pollenpräparaten-Tardigrada. In: Kovar-Eder J (ed) Palaeovegetational development in Europe and regions relevant to its palaeofloristic evolution. Pan-European Palaeobotanical Conference, Sept. 19-23, 1991, Vienna, pp 19-23
26. Jensen AS (1928) Grønlands Fauna. Et forsøg på en Oversigt. Festkrift udgivet af Københavns Universitet i Anledning af Hans Majestaet Kongens Fødelsdag 26 September 1928. Bianco Lunos Bogtrykkeri, København
27. Jørgensen M, Kristensen RM (1991) Meiofauna investigations from Igloolik, N.W.T. arctic Canada, In: Jørgensen M (ed) Arctic Biology Course 1989 Igloolik, North West Territories Canada. 'Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, pp 61-80
28. Kinchin IM (1994) The biology of tardigrades. Portland Press, London
29. Krebs CJ (1989) Ecological methodology. Harper Collins, New York
30. Kristensen RM (1987) Generic revision of the Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada), with a discussion of the origin of the family. In: Bertolani R (ed) Biology of the tardigrades. Selected Symposia and Monographs U.Z.I., 1. Mucchi, Modena pp 261-335
31. Mareus E (1929) Tardigrada. In: Bronn HG (ed) Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreic 5 Akad Verlagsges, Leipzig, pp 1-608
32. Marley NJ, Wright DE (1996) Amphiboles weglarskae (Dastych), a new addition to the Tardigrada of Iceland with an updated checklist of Icelandic species (Eohypsibiidae, Euturdigrada). Quekket J Microsc 37:541-545
33. Marshall DJ, Pugh PJA (1996) Origin of the inland Acari of Continental Antarctica, with particular reference to Dronning Maud Land. Zool J Linn Soc 118:101-118
34. Maucci W (1996) Tardigrada of the Arctic tundra with description of two new species. Zool J Linn Soc 116:185-204
35. McInnes SJ (1994) Zoogeographic distribution of terrestrial/ freshwater tardigrades from current literature. J Nat Hist 28:257-352
36. McInnes SJ, Pugh PJA (in press) Biogeography of limno-terrestrial Tardigrada with particular reference to the Antarctic fauna. J Biogeogr
37. Mihelčič F (1959) Zwei neue Tardigraden aus der Gattung Hypsibius Thulin aus Osttirol (Österreich) Systematisches zur Gattung Hypsibius Thulin. Zool Anz 163:254-261
38. Müller KJ, Walossek D, Zakharov A (1995) 'Orsten' type phospatized soft-integument preservation and a new record from the Middle Cambrian Kuonamka Formation in Siberia. Neues Jahrb Geol Paläont bol Abh 197:101-118
39. Murray J (1907) Arctic Tardigrada collected by Wm.S. Bruce. Trans R Soc Edinb 45:401-415
40. Nelson DR, Higgins RP (1990) Tardigrada. In Dindall DL (ed) Soil biology guide. Wiley, New York, pp 393-419
41. Ramazzotti G (1968) Tardigradi dei pozzetti glaciali di fusione (krykonitlöcher) dell Himalaya. In: "Khumbu Himal" 3:1-3. Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck-München, pp 1-34
42. Ramazzotti G, Maucci W (1983) Il phylum Tardigrada (3rd edn). Mem Ist Ital Idrobiol Dott Marco de Marchi Pailanza Italy 41:1-1012
43. Richters F (1904) Arktische Tardigraden. Fauna Arct 3:495-508
44. Rompu EA van, Smet WH de (1988) Some aquatic Tardigrada from Bjørnøya (Svalbard). Fauna Norveg Ser A 9:31-36
45. Rompu EA van, Smet WH de (1991) Contribution to the fresh-water Tardigrada from Barentsøya Svalbard (78°30′N). Fauna Norveg Ser A 12:29-39
46. Rompu EA van, Smet WH de, Balfort JM (1991) Contributions to the Tardigrada of the Canadian high arctic. 2. Freshwater tardigrades from Little Cornwallis Island, N.W.T. Canada. Biol Jaarb Dononaea 59:132-140
47. Ryan PC, Watkins BP (1989) The influence of physical factors and orthogenic products on plant and arthropod abundance at an inland nunatak group in Antarctica. Polar Biol 10:151-160
48. Ryan PC, Watkins BP, Smith RIL, Dastych H, Eicker A, Foissner W, Heatwole H, Miller WR, Thompson G (1989) Biological survey of Robertskollen, Western Dronning Maud Land: area description and preliminary species lists. S Afr J Antarct Res 19:10-20
49. Seaburg KG, Parker BC, Wharton RA Jr, Simmons CM Jr (1981) Temperature-growth responses of algal isolates from Antarctic oasis lakes. J Phycol 17:353-360
50. Sernander R (1908) On the evidence of postglacial changes of climate furnished by the peat-mosses of northern Europe. Geol Foren Stockholm Förh 30:465-478
51. Smet WH de, Rompu EA van (1994) Rotifera and Tardigrada from some cryoconite holes on a Spitsbergen (Svalbard) glacier. Belg J Zool 124:27-37
52. Smet WH de, Rompu EA van, Beyens L (1987) Rotifera. Gastrotricha en Tardigrada uit Shetland, de Faroër en Spitsbergen. Natuurwet Tijdschr Ghent 69:81-102
53. Smet WH de, Rompu EA van, Beyens L (1988) Contribution to the rotifers and aquatic Tardigrada of Edgeøya (Svalbard). Fauna Norveg Ser A 9:19-30
54. Sokal RR, Rohlf FJ (1995) Biometry: the principles and practices of statistics in biological research. Freeman, New York
55. Sokal RR, Sneath PH (1963) Principles of numerical taxonomy. Freeman, San Francisco
56. Sømme L (1996) Anhydrobiosis and cold tolerance in tardigrades. Eur J Entomol 93:349-357
57. Sømme L, Meier T (1995) Cold tolerance in Tardigrada from Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Polar Biol 15:221-224
58. Steinböck O (1936) Cryoconite holes and their biological significance. Z Gletscherk de Glazialgeol 24:1-21
59. Steinböck O (1957) Ueber de Fauna der Krykonitlöcher alpiner Gletscher. Schlern 31:65-70
60. Szymanska B (1994) The Tardigrada from Axel Heiberg Island and associated bryophyte species. Folia Entomol Hung Rovartani Közlemények 55:359-368
61. Terasmae J (1973) Notes on late Wisconsian and early Holocene history of vegetation in Canada. Arct Alp Res 5:201-222
62. Wharton RA, Vinyard WC (1983) Distribution of snow and ice algae in western North America. Madroño 30:201-209
63. Wharton RA Jr, Vinyard WC, Parker BC, Simmons GM Jr, Seaburg KG (1981) Algae in cryoconite holes on Canada Glacier in Southern Victoria land, Antarctica. Phycologia 20:208-211
64. Wharton RA Jr, McKay CP, Simmons GM Jr, Parker BC (1985) Cryoconite holes on glaciers. Bioscience 35:499-503
65. Wittrock VB (1885) Ueber die Schnee- und Eisflora, besonders in den arktischen Gegenden Nebst einem Anhang Ueber die Schnee- und Eisflora. In: Nordenskiöld AE (ed) Studien und Forschungen veranlasst durch meine Reisen im hohen Norden. Brockhaus, Leipzig, pp 65-119
66. Wright JC, Westh P, Ramløv H (1992) Cryptobiosis in Tardigrada. Biol Rev 67:1-29