Scale-dependent foraging and patch choice in fractal environments

Evolutionary Ecology

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 309-330

  Ritchie, Mark E ^a  

^a UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Foraging; Fractal; Geometry; Landscape; Resources; Scale

Indexed keywords

FORAGING THEORY; FRACTAL LANDSCAPE; PATCH CHOICE; SPATIAL SCALE;

EID: 0031961252     PISSN: 02697653     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1006552200746     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Alexander, S. and Orbach, R. (1982) Density of states on fractals: 'Fractons'. J. Phys. Lett. 43, L625-631.
2. Askins, R.A., Lynch, J.F. and Greenberg, R. (1990) Population declines in migratory birds in eastern North America. Curr. Ornith. 7, 1-57.
3. Barnsley, M. (1988) Fractals Everywhere. Academic Press, New York.
4. Belovsky, G.E. (1984) Moose and snowshoe hare competition and a mechanistic explanation from foraging theory. Oecologia (Berl.) 61, 150-159.
5. Belovsky G.E. (1986) Generalist herbivore foraging and its role in competitive interactions. Am. Zool. 26, 51-69.
6. Biondini, M.E. and Grygiel, C.E. (1994) Landscape distribution of organisms and the scaling of soil resources. Am. Nat. 143, 1026-1054.
7. Brown, J.S., Kotler, B.P. and Mitchell, W. A. (1994) Foraging theory, patch use, and the structure of a Negev desert granivore community. Ecology 75, 2286-2300.
8. Butler, M.J. (1988) In situ observations of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) foraging behavior: The effects of habitat complexity, group size, and predators. Copeia 1988, 939-944.
9. Cain, M.L., Eccleston, J. and Kareiva, P. (1985) The influence of food plant dispersion on caterpillar searching success. Ecol. Entomol. 10, 1-7.
10. Campbell, B.D., Grime, J.P. and Mackey, J.M.L. (1991) A trade-off between scale and precision in resource foraging. Oecologia 87, 32-538.
11. Charnov, E.L. (1976) Optimal foraging: The marginal value theorem. Theor. Pop. Biol. 9, 129-136.
12. Chesson, P.L. (1994) Multispecies competition in variable environments. Theor. Pop. Biol. 45, 227-276.
13. Chesson, P.L. and Murdoch, W.W. (1986) Aggregation of risk: Relationships among host-parasitoid models. Am. Nat. 127, 696-715.
14. Comins, H.N. and Hassell, M.P. (1979) The dynamics of optimally foraging predators and parasitoids. J. Anim. Ecol. 48, 335-351.
15. Crist, T.O. and Wiens, J.A. (1994) Scale effects of vegetation on forager movement and seed harvesting by ants. Oikos 69, 37-46.
16. Crist, T.O., Guertin, P.S., Wiens, J.A. and Milne, B.T. (1992) Animal movement in heterogeneous landscapes: An experiment with Eleodes beetles in shortgrass prairie. Fund. Ecol. 6, 536-544.
17. Crowder, L.B. and Cooper, W.E. (1982) Habitat structural complexity and the interaction between bluegills and their prey. Ecology 63, 1802-1813.
18. Diehl, S. (1993) Effects of habitat structure on resource availability, diet and growth of benthivorous perch, Perca fluviatilis. Oikos 67, 403-414.
19. Doak, D.F., Marino, P.C. and Kareiva, P.M. (1992) Spatial scale mediates the influence of habitat fragmentation on dispersal success: Implications for conservation. Theor. Pop. Biol. 41, 315-336.
20. Dunbrack, R.L. and Dill, L.M. (1984) Three-dimensional prey reaction field of the juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41, 1176-1182.
21. Figiel, C.R. and Semlitsch, R.D. (1991) Effects of nonlethal injury and habitat complexity on predation in tadpole populations. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 69, 830-834.
22. Frontier, S. (1987) Applications of fractal theory to ecology. In Developments in Numerical Ecology (P. Legendre and L. Legendre, eds), pp. 335-378. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
23. Gardner, R.H., O'Neill, R.V., Turner, M.G. and Dale, V.H. (1989) Quantifying scale-dependent effects of animal movement with simple percolation models. Landscape Ecol. 3, 217-227.
24. Hassell, M.P. (1978) The Dynamics of Arthropod Predator-Prey Systems. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
25. Hassell, M.P. and May, R.M. (1974) Aggregation in predators and insect parasites and its effect on stability. J. Anim. Ecol. 43, 567-594.
26. Hassell, M.P. and Pacala, S.W. (1990) Heterogeneity and the dynamics of host-parasitoid interactions. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 330, 203-220.
27. Hassell, M.P., May, R.M., Pacala, S.W. and Chesson, P.L. (1991) The persistence of host-parasitoid associations in patchy environments. I. A general criterion. Am. Nat. 138, 568-583.
28. Hastings, H.M. and Sugihara, G. (1993) Fractals: A User's Guide for the Natural Sciences. Oxford University Press, New York.
29. Holling, C.S. (1959) Some characteristics of simple types of predation and parasitism. Can. Entomol. 91, 385-398.
30. Holling, C.S. (1992) Cross-scale morphology, geometry and dynamics of ecosystems. Ecol. Monogr. 62, 447-502.
31. Holt, R.D. (1984) Spatial heterogeneity, indirect interactions, and the coexistence of prey species. Am. Nat. 124, 377-406.
32. Hutchinson, G.E. and MacArthur, R.H. (1959) A theoretical ecological model of size distributions among species of animals. Am. Nat. 93, 117-125.
33. Ives, A.R. (1992) Continuous time models of host-parasitoid interactions. Am. Nat. 140, 1-29.
34. Joern, A.R. (1983) Small-scale displacements of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) within arid grasslands. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 56, 131-139.
35. Johnson, A.R., Milne, B.T. and Wiens, J.A. (1992) Diffusion in fractal landscapes: Simulations and experimental studies of Tenebrionid beetle movements. Ecology 73, 1968-1983.
36. Kaiser, H. (1983) Small scale spatial heterogeneity influences predation success in an unexpected way: Model experiments on the functional response of predatory mites (Acarina). Oecologia (Berl.) 56, 249-256.
37. Kareiva, P. (1987) Habitat fragmentation and the stability of predator-prey interactions. Nature 326, 388-390.
38. Kareiva, P. (1990) Population dynamics in spatially complex environments: Theory and data. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 330, 175-190.
39. Kareiva, P. and Perry, R. (1989) Leaf overlap and the ability of ladybird beetles to search among plants. Ecol. Entomol. 14, 127-129.
40. Keitt, T.H. and Johnson, A.R. (1995) Spatial heterogeneity and anomalous kinetics: Emergent patterns in diffusion-limited predatory-prey interaction. J. Theor. Biol. 172, 127-139.
41. Kotliar, N.B. and Wiens, J.A. (1990) Multiple scales of patchiness and patch structure: A hierarchical framework for the study of heterogeneity. Oikos 59, 253-260.
42. Krummel, J.R., Gardner, R.H., Sugihara, G. and O'Neill, R.V. (1987) Landscape patterns in a disturbed environment. Oikos 48, 321-324.
43. Levin, S. (1992) The problem of pattern and scale in ecology. Ecology 73, 1943-1967.
44. Lundberg, P. and Åström, M. (1990) Functional response of optimally foraging herbivores. J. Theor. Biol. 144, 367-377.
45. MacArthur, R.H. (1972) Geographical Ecology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
46. Mandelbrot, B.B. (1982) The Fractal Geometry of Nature. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, CA.
47. May, R.M. (1978) Host-parasitoid systems in patchy environments: A phenomenological model. J. Anim. Ecol. 47, 833-843.
48. McLaughlin, J.F. and Roughgarden, J. (1992) Predation across spatial scales in heterogeneous environments. Theor. Pop. Biol. 41, 277-299.
49. Milne, B.T. (1991) Lessons from applying fractal models to landscape patterns. In Quantitative Methods in Landscape Ecology (M.G. Turnel and R.H. Gardner, eds), pp. 199-235. Springer-Verlag, New York.
50. Milne, B.T. (1992) Spatial aggregation and neutral models in fractal landscapes. Am. Nat. 139, 32-57.
51. Milne, B.T., Turner, M.G., Wiens, J.A. and Johnson, A.R. (1992) Interactions between fractal geometry of landscapes and allometric herbivory. Theor. Pop. Biol. 41, 337-353.
52. Morse, D.R., Lawton, J.H., Dodson, M.M. and Williamson, M.H. (1985) Fractal dimension of vegetation and the distribution of arthropod body lengths. Nature 314, 731-732.
53. Murdoch, W.W. (1977) Stabilizing effects of spatial heterogeneity in predator-prey systems. Theor. Pop. Biol. 11, 252-273.
54. Murdoch, W.W. and Stewart-Oaten, A. (1989) Aggregation by parasitoids and predators: Effects on equilibrium and stability. Am. Nat. 134, 288-310.
55. Nitecki, M.H. (ed.) (1984) Extinction. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
56. O'Neill, R.V., Milne, B.T., Turner, M.G. and Gardner, R.H. (1988) Resource utilization scales and landscape pattern. Landscape Ecol. 2, 63-69.
57. Pacala, S.W. and Hassell, M.P. (1991) The persistence of host-parasitoid systems in patchy environments. II. Evaluation of field data. Am. Nat. 138, 584-605.
58. Palmer, M.W. (1988) Fractal geometry: A tool for describing spatial patterns of plant communities. Vegetatio 75, 91-102.
59. Palmer, M.W. (1992) The coexistence of species in fractal landscapes. Am. Nat. 139, 375-397.
60. Pulliam, H.R. (1974) On the theory of optimal diets. Am. Nat. 108, 59-75.
61. Quinn, J.F. and Hastings, A. (1987) Extinction in subdivided habitats. Cons. Biol. 1, 198-208.
62. Rotenberry, J.T. and Wiens, J.A. (1980) Habitat structure, patchiness, and avian communities in North American steppe vegetation: A multivariate analysis. Ecology 61, 1228-1250.
63. Savino, J.F. and Stein, R.M. (1982) Predator-prey interaction between largemouth bass and bluegills as influenced by simulated, submersed vegetation. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 111, 255-266.
64. Scheffer, M. and deBoer, R.J. (1995) Implications of spatial heterogeneity for the paradox of enrichment. Ecology 76, 2270-2277.
65. Schoener, T.W. (1971) The theory of feeding strategies. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 2, 368-404.
66. Shipley, L. A., Gross, J.E., Spalinger, D.E., Hobbs, N.T. and Wunder, B. A. (1994) The scaling of intake rate in mammalian herbivores. Am. Nat. 143, 1055-1082.
67. Spalinger, D.E. and Hobbs, N.T. (1992) Mechanisms of foraging in mammalian herbivores: New models of functional response. Am. Nat. 140, 325-348.
68. Sredl, M.J. and Collins, J.P. (1992) The interaction of predation, competition, and habitat complexity in structuring an amphibian community. Copeia 1992, 607-614.
69. Stephens, D.W. and Charnov, E.L. (1982) Optimal foraging: Some simple stochastic models. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 10, 251-263.
70. Stephens, D.W. and Krebs, J.R. (1986) Foraging Theory. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
71. Sugihara, G. and May, R.M. (1990) Applications of fractals in ecology. Trends Ecol. Evol. 5, 79-86.
72. Tilman, D. (1982) Resource Competition and Community Structure. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
73. Tilman, D. (1994) Competition and biodiversity in spatially structured habitats. Ecology 75, 2-16.
74. Tilman, D., May, R.M., Lehman, C.L. and Nowak, M.A. (1994) Habitat destruction and the extinction debt. Nature 371, 65-66.
75. Turchin, P. (1991) Translating the foraging movements in heterogeneous environments into the spatial distribution of foragers. Ecology 72, 1253-1266.
76. Turner, M. (1989) Landscape ecology: The effect of pattern on process. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 20, 171-197.
77. Viswanathan, G.M., Afanasyev, V., Buldyrev, S.V., Murphy, E.J., Prince, P.A. and Stanley, H.E. (1996) Lévy flight search patterns of wandering albatrosses. Nature 381, 413-415.
78. Voss, R.F. (1986) Characterization and measurement of random fractals. Phys. Scripta T13, 27-32.
79. Whitehead, H. and Walde, S.J. (1992) Habitat dimensionality and mean search distances of top predators: Implications for ecosystem structure. Theor. Pop. Biol. 42, 1-9.
80. Wiens, J.A. (1989) Spatial scaling in ecology. Funct. Ecol. 3, 385-397.
81. Wiens, J.A. and Milne, B.T. (1989) Scaling of 'landscapes' in landscape ecology, or, landscape ecology from a beetle's perspective. Landscape Ecol. 3, 87-96.
82. Wiens, J.A., Crist, T.O., With, K.A. and Milne, B.T. (1995) Fractal patterns of insect movement in micro-landscape mosaics. Ecology 76, 663-666.
83. Williamson, M.H. and Lawton, J.H. (1991) Fractal geometry of ecological habitats. In Habitat Structure: The Physical Arrangement of Objects in Space (S.S. Bell, E.D. McCoy and H.R. Mushinsky, eds), pp. 69-86. Chapman and Hall, New York.
84. With, K. A. (1994) Using fractal analysis to assess how species perceive landscape structure. Landscape Ecol. 9, 25-36.
85. With, K.A. and Crist, T.O. (1995) Critical thresholds in species' responses to landscape structure. Ecology 76, 2446-2459.