How does water get through roots?

Journal of Experimental Botany

Volumn 49, Issue 322, 1998, Pages 775-788

  Steudle, Ernst ^a   Peterson, Carol A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BAYREUTH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Composite transport model; Endodermis; Exodermis; Hydraulic conductivity; Reflection coefficient; Root; Water; Water channels

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031957443     PISSN: 00220957     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/49.322.775     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. 2 on water transport across root cells of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. Plant Physiology 99, 886-94.
2. Azaizeh H, Steudle E. 1991. Effects of salinity on water transport of excised maize (Zea mays L.) roots. Plant Physiology 97, 1136-45.
3. Brewig A. 1937. Permeabilitätsänderungen der Wurzelgewebe, die vom Spross beeinflusst werden. Zeitschrift für Botanik 31, 481-540.
4. Brouwer R. 1954. The regulating influence of transpiration and suction tension on the water and salt uptake by roots of intact Vicia faba plants. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 3, 264-312.
5. Carvajal M, Cooke DT, Clarkson DT. 1996. Responses of wheat plants to nutrition deprivation may involve the regulation of water-channel function. Planta 199, 372-81.
6. Chrispeels MJ, Maurel C. 1994. Aquaporins: the molecular basis of facilitated water movement through living plant cells. Plant Physiology 105, 9-15.
7. Clarkson DT, Robards AW, Stephens JE, Stark M. 1987. Suberin lamellae in the hypodermis of maize (Zea mays) roots: development and factors affecting the permeability of hypodermal layers. Plant, Cell and Environment 10, 83-93.
8. Cruz RT, Jordan WR, Drew MC. 1992. Structural changes and associated reduction of hydraulic conductance in roots of Sorghum bicolor L. following exposure to water deficit. Plant Physiology 99, 203-12.
9. Fiscus EL. 1975. The interaction between osmotic- and pressure-induced water flow in plant roots. Plant Physiology 55, 917-22.
10. Fiscus EL. 1986. Diurnal changes in volume and solute transport coefficients of Phaseolus roots. Plant Physiology 80, 752-9.
11. Frensch J, Steudle E. 1989. Axial and radial hydraulic resistance to roots of maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Physiology 91, 719-26.
12. Frensch J, Hsiao TC, Steudle E. 1996. Water and solute transport along developing maize roots. Planta 198, 348-55.
13. Hanson PJ, Sucoff EI, Markhart AH. 1985. Quantifying apoplastic flux through red pine root systems using trisodium 3-hydroxy-5,8,10-pyrenetrisulfonate. Plant Physiology 77, 21-4.
14. Henzler T, Steudle E. 1995. Reversible closing of water channels in Chara internodes provides evidence for a composite transport model of the plasma membrane. Journal of Experimental Botany 46, 199-209.
15. Hertel A, Steudle E. 1997. The function of water channels in Chara: the temperature dependence of water and solute flows provides evidence for composite membrane transport and for a slippage of small organic solutes across water channels. Planta 202, 324-35.
16. Honert, TH van den. 1948. Water transport in plants as a catenary process. Discussions of the Faraday Society 3, 146-53.
17. 2+ and apoplastic water potential. The Plant Cell 8, 1181-91.
18. Jones H, Tomos AD, Leigh RA, Wyn Jones RG. 1983. Water-relation parameters of epidermal and cortical cells in the primary root of Triticum aestivum L. Planta 158, 230-6.
19. Jones H, Leigh RA, Wyn Jones RG, Tomos AD. 1988. The integration of whole-root and cellular hydraulic conductivities in cereal roots. Planta 174, 1-7.
20. Kiyosawa K, Tazawa M. 1977. Hydraulic conductivity of tonoplast-free Chara cells. Journal of Membrane Biology 37, 157-66.
21. Kramer PJ, Boyer JS. 1995. Water relations of plants and soils. Orlando: Academic Press.
22. Landsberg JJ, Fowkes ND. 1978. Water movement through plant roots. Annals of Botany 42, 493-508.
23. Maggio A, Joly RJ. 1995. Effects of mercuric chloride on the hydraulic conductivity of tomato root systems: evidence for a channel-mediated pathway. Plant Physiology 109, 331-5.
24. Maurel C. 1997. Aquaporins and water permeability of plant membranes. Annual Review of Plant Physiology Plant Molecular Biology 48, 399-429.
25. Maurel C, Tacnet F, Güclü J, Guern J, Ripoche P. 1997. Purified vesicles of tobacco cell vacuolar and plasma membranes exhibit dramatically different water permeability and water channel activity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 7103-8.
26. Melchior W, Steudle E. 1993. Water transport in onion (Allium cepa L.) roots. Changes of axial and radial hydraulic conductivities during root development. Plant Physiology 101, 1305-15.
27. Melchior W, Steudle E. 1995. Hydrostatic and osmotic hydraulic conductivities and reflection coefficients of onion (Allium cepa L.) roots. In: Baluska F, Ciamporova M, Gasparikova O, Barlow PW, eds, Structure and function of roots. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Press, 209-13.
28. Miller DM. 1985. Studies of root function in Zea mays. III. Xylem sap composition at maximum root pressure provides evidence of active transport into the xylem and a measurement of the reflection coefficient of the root. Plant Physiology 77, 162-7.
29. Molz FJ, Ferrier JM. 1982. Mathematical treatment of water movement in plant cells and tissues: a review. Plant, Cell and Environment 5, 191-206.
30. Molz FJ, Ikenberry E. 1974. Water transport through plant cells and walls: theoretical development. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings 38, 699-704.
31. Moon GJ, Peterson CA, Peterson RL. 1984. Structural, chemical, and permeability changes following wounding in onion roots. Canadian Journal of Botany 62, 2253-9.
32. Münch E. 1930. Die Stoffbewegungen in der Pflanze. Jena: Verlag Gustav Fischer.
33. Newman EI. 1973. Permeability to water of five herbaceous species. New Phytologist 72, 547-55.
34. Niemietz CM, Tyerman SD. 1997. Characterization of water channels in wheat root membrane vesicles. Plant Physiology 115, 561-7.
35. North GB, Nobel PS. 1991. Changes in hydraulic conductivity and anatomy caused by drying and rewetting roots of Agave desertii (Agavaceae). American Journal of Botany 78, 906-15.
36. Passioura JB. 1988. Water transport in and to roots. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 39, 245-65.
37. Peterson CA, Emanuel ME, Humphreys GB. 1981. Pathways of movement of apoplastic fluorescent dye tracers through the endodermis at the site of secondary root formation in corn (Zea mays) and broad bean (Vicia faba). Canadian Journal of Botany 59, 618-25.
38. Peterson CA, Enstone DE. 1996. Functions of passage cells in the endodermis and exodermis of roots. Physiologia Plantarum 97, 592-8.
39. Peterson CA, Murrmann M, Steudle E. 1993. Location of major barriers to water and ion movement in young roots of Zea mays L. Planta 190, 127-36.
40. Peterson CA, Steudle E. 1993. Lateral hydraulic conductivity of early metaxylem vessels in Zea mays L. roots. Planta 189, 288-97.
41. Peyrano G, Taleisnik E, Quiroga M, de Forchetti SM, Tigier H. 1997. Salinity effects on hydraulic conductance, lignin content and peroxidase activity in tomato roots. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 35, 387-93.
42. Radin JW, Matthews MA. 1989. Water transport properties of cells in the root cortex of nitrogen- and phosphorous-deficient cotton seedlings. Plant Physiology 89, 264-8.
43. Robards AW, Jackson SM, Clarkson DT, Sanderson J. 1973. The structure of barley roots in relation to the transport of ions into the stele. Protoplasma 77, 291-311.
44. Rüdinger M, Hallgren SW, Steudle E, Schulze ED. 1994. Hydraulic and osmotic properties of spruce roots. Journal of Experimental Botany 45, 1413-25.
45. Sanderson J. 1983. Water uptake by different regions of the barley root. Pathways for radial flow in relation to development of the endodermis. Journal of Experimental Botany 34, 240-53.
46. Schäffner AR. 1998. Aquaporin function, structure, and expression: are there more surprises to surface in water relations. Planta 204, 131-9.
47. Schreiber, L. 1996. Chemical composition of Casparian strips isolated from Clivia miniata Reg. Roots: evidence for lignin. Planta 199, 596-601.
48. Schreiber L, Breiner HW, Riederer M, Düggelin M, Guggenheim R. 1994. The Casparian strip of Clivia miniata Reg. roots: isolation, fine structure and chemical nature. Botanica Acta 107, 353-61.
49. Schütz K, Tyerman SD. 1997. Water channels in Chara corallina. Journal of Experimental Botany 48, 1511-18.
50. Skinner RH, Radin JW. 1994. The effect of phosphorus nutrition on water flow through the apoplastic by-pass of cotton roots. Journal of Experimental Botany 45, 423-8.
51. Stasovski E, Peterson CA. 1993. Effects of drought and subsequent rehydration on the structure, vitality and permeability of Allium cepa adventitious roots. Canadian Journal of Botany 71, 700-7.
52. St. Aubin G, Canny MJ, McCully ME. 1986 Living vessel elements in the late metaxylem of sheathed maize roots. Annals of Botany 58, 577-88.
53. Steudle E, 1989. Water flows in plants and its coupling with other processes: an overview. Methods of Enzymology 174, 183-225.
54. Steudle E. 1992. The biophysics of plant water: compartmentation, coupling with metabolic processes, and water flow in plant roots. In: Somero CN, Osmond CB, Bolis CL, eds. Water and life. Comparative analysis of water relationships at the organismic, cellular, and molecular levels. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 173-204.
55. Steudle E. 1993. Pressure probe techniques: basic principles and application to studies of water and solute relations at the cell, tissue, and organ level. In: Smith JAG, Griffith H, eds. Water deficits: plant responses from cell to community. Oxford: Bios Scientific Publishers, 5-36.
56. Steudle E. 1994a. The regulation of plant water at the cell, tissue, and organ level: role of active processes and of compartmentation. In: Schulze E-D, ed. Flux control in biological systems. From enzymes to populations and ecosystems. San Diego: Academic Press, 237-99.
57. Steudle E. 1994b. Water transport across roots. Plant and Soil 167, 79-90.
58. Steudle E. 1997. Water transport across plant tissue: role of water channels. Biology of the Cell 89, 259-73.
59. Steudle E, Brinckmann E. 1989. The osmometer model of the root: water and solute relations of Phaseolus coccineus. Botanica Acta 102, 85-95.
60. Steudle E, Frensch J. 1989. Osmotic responses of maize roots: water and solute relations. Planta 177, 281-95.
61. Steudle E, Frensch J. 1996. Water transport in plants: role of the apoplast. Plant and Soil 187, 67-79.
62. Steudle E, Henzler T. 1995. Water channels in plants: do basic concepts of water transport change? Journal of Experimental Botany 46, 1067-76.
63. Steudle E, Heydt H. 1997. Water transport across tree roots. In: Rennenberg H, Eschrich W, Ziegler H, eds. Trees - contributions to modern tree physiology. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers, 239-55.
64. Steudle E, Jeschke WD. 1983. Water transport in barley roots. Planta 158, 237-48.
65. Steudle E, Meshcheryakov AB. 1996. Hydraulic and osmotic properties of oak roots. Journal of Experimental Botany 47, 387-401.
66. Steudle E, Oren R, Schulze ED. 1987. Water transport in maize roots. Plant Physiology 84, 1220-32.
67. Steudle E, Murrmann M, Peterson CA. 1993. Transport of water and solutes across maize roots modified by puncturing the endodermis. Further evidence for the composite transport model of the root. Plant Physiology 103, 335-49.
68. Strugger S. 1939. Die lumineszenzmikroskopische Analyse des Transpirationsstromes in Parenchymen. 3. Untersuchungen an Helxine soleiroleii Req. Biologisches Zentralblatt 59, 409-42.
69. Tazawa M, Asai K, Iwasaki N. 1996. Characteristics of Hg- and Zn-sensitive water channels in the plasma membrane of Chara cells. Botanica Acta 109, 388-96.
70. Tyree MT. 1997. The cohesion-tension theory of sap ascent current controversies. Journal of Experimental Botany 48, 1753-65.
71. Varney GT, McCully ME, Canny MJ. 1993. Sites of entry of water into the symplast of maize roots. New Phytologist 125, 733-41.
72. Weatherley, PE. 1982. Water uptake and flow into roots. In: Lange OL, Nobel PS, Osmond CB, Ziegler H, eds, Encyclopedia of plant physiology, Vol. 12B. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 79-109.
73. Westgate ME, Steudle E. 1985. Water transport in the midrib tissue of maize leaves. Plant Physiology 78, 183-91.
74. Zeier J, and Schreiber L. 1998. Comparative investigation of primary and tertiary endodermal cell walls isolated from the roots of five monocotyledoneous species: chemical composition in relation to fine structure. Planta (in press).
75. Zhu GL, Steudle E. 1991. Water transport across maize roots. Plant Physiology 95, 305-15.
76. Zimmermann HM, Steudle E. 1998. Apoplastic transport across young maize roots: effect of the exodermis. Planta, (in press).
77. Zimmermann MH. 1983. Xylem structure and the ascent of sap. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
78. Zimmermann MH, Brown CL. 1971. Trees: structure and function. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.