Effect of pasture management on the contributions of fixed N to the N economy of ley-farming systems

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research

Volumn 49, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 459-474

  Peoples, M B ^a   Gault, R R ^a   Scammell, G J ^b   Dear, B S ^c   Virgona, J ^c   Sandral, G A ^c   Paul, J ^d   Wolfe, E C ^d   Angus, J F ^a  

^a CSIRO   (Australia)

^b AGRICULTURE VICTORIA RESEARCH   (Australia)

^c NSW AGRICULTURE   (Australia)

^d CHARLES STURT UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Lucerne; Medicago sativa; Nitrogen fixation; Subterranean clover; Trifolium subterraneum

Indexed keywords

LUCERNE; NITROGEN FIXATION; PASTURE LEGUME; PASTURE MANAGEMENT; SUBTERRANEAN CLOVER;

AUSTRALIA; NEW SOUTH WALES; VICTORIA;

MEDICAGO SATIVA; TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM;

EID: 0031952177     PISSN: 00049409     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/A97014     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. 15N-labelled legume and wheat materials in a range of southern Australian soils. Australian Journal of Soil Research 25, 95-105.
2. Angus, J. F., van Herwaarden, A. F., and Howe, G. N. (1991). Productivity and break crop effects of winter-growing oilseeds. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, 669-77.
3. Angus, J. F., Peoples, M. B., Gault, R. R., Gardner, P. A., and Howe, G. N. (1996). Improved pastures and their effects on subsequent crops. In 'Proceedings of the 8th Australian Agronomy Conference'. (Ed. M. Asghar.) pp. 68-71. (AIAS: Carlton, Vic.)
4. Ayres, J. F., McFarlane, J. D., Gilmour, A. R., and McManus, W. R. (1977). Superphosphate requirements of clover-ley farming. I. The effects of topdressing on productivity in the ley phase. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 28, 269-85.
5. Bath, J. G. (1951). The improvement and maintenance ot soil fertility by subterranean clover ley rotations at Rutherglen Research Station. In 'Plant and Animal Nutrition in Relation to Soil and Climatic Factors', pp. 448-57. (His Majesty's Stationary Office: London.)
6. 15N natural abundance technique. Plant and Soil 175, 57-66.
7. Burton, G. W. (1976). Legume nitrogen versus fertilizer nitrogen for warm season grasses. In 'Biological N Fixation in Forage-Livestock Systems'. (Ed. M. Stelly.) pp. 55-72. (ASA, CSSA, SSSA: Madison, WI.)
8. 2 fixation by field grown Medicago littoralis in response to added nitrate and competition from Lolium multiflorum. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 20, 863-8.
9. Carter, E. D., Wolfe, E. C., and Francis, C. M. (1982). Problems with maintaining pastures in the cereal livestock areas of southern Australia. In 'Proceedings of the 2nd Australian Agronomy Conference, Wagga'. pp. 68-82. (AIAS: Carlton, Vic.)
10. Cregan, P., and Dear, B. S. (1994). Pastures for cropping. In 'Pasture - Leys that Pay. Proceedings of the 23rd Riverina Outlook Conference, 1994'. (Ed. J. E. Pratley.) pp. 29-37. (Centre for Conservation Farming, Charles Sturt Univ.: Wagga Wagga.)
11. Dear, B. S. (1997). 'The Role of Perennial Legumes in Cereal/Pasture Rotations in Temperate Australia.' In press. (GRDC: Canberra.)
12. 15N natural abundance methods for estimating nitrogen fixation. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, 225-36.
13. 2 fixation and its value to soil N in lupin, field pea and other legumes in south-eastern Australia. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 40, 791-805.
14. Gault, R. R, Peoples, M. B., Turner, G. L., Lilley, D. M., Brockwell, J., and Bergersen, F. J. (1995). Nitrogen fixation by irrigated lucerne during the first three years after establishment. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, 1401-25.
15. Hamblin, A., and Kyneur, G. (1993). 'Trends in Wheat Yields and Soil Fertility in Australia.' (Department of Primary Industries and Energy, Bureau of Resource Sciences, Australian Government Publishing Services: Canberra.)
16. Helyar, K. R. (1992). Acidification from nitrate losses - a reflection of inefficient utilization of nitrate in the ecosystem. In 'Transfer of Biologically Fixed Nitrogen to Wheat'. (Ed. J. F. Angus.) pp. 125-34. (GRDC: Canberra.)
17. Hochman, Z., Osborne, G. J., Taylor, P. A., and Cullis, B. (1990). Factors contributing to reduced productivity of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterranean L.) pastures on acidic soils. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 41, 669-82.
18. Holford, I. C. R., and Doyle, A. D. (1978). Effect of grazed lucerne on the moisture status of wheat growing soils. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 18, 112-17.
19. 15N abundance techniques. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, 493-505.
20. Kirkegaard, J. A., Gardner, P. A., Angus, J. F., and Koetz, E. (1994). Effect of Brassica break crops on the growth and yield of wheat. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45, 529-45.
21. Kohn, G. D. (1974). Superphosphate utilization in clover ley farming. I. Effects on pasture and sheep production. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 25, 525-35.
22. Ladd, J. N., Amato, M., Jackson, R. B., and Butler, J. H. A. (1983). Utilization by wheat crops of nitrogen from legume residues decomposing in soils in the field. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 15, 231-8.
23. Ledgard, S. F., and Steele, K. W. (1992). Biological nitrogen fixation in mixed legume/grass pastures. Plant and Soil 141, 137-53.
24. Lodge, G. M. (1991). Management practices and other factors contributing to the decline in persistence of grazed lucerne in temperate Australia: a review. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, 713-24.
25. Lodge, G. M., Murison, R. D., and Heap, E. W. (1990). The effect of temperature on the hardseed content of some annual legumes on the northern slopes of New South Wales. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 41, 941-55.
26. McCown, R. L., Cogle, A. L., Ockwell, A. P., and Reeves, T. G. (1988). Nitrogen supply to cereals in legume ley systems under pressure. In 'Advances in Nitrogen Cycling in Agricultural Ecosystems'. (Ed. J. R. Wilson.) pp. 292-314. (CAB International: Wallingford, UK.)
27. 15N-labelling to estimate the total below-ground nitrogen of pasture legumes in intact soil-plant systems. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, 295-304.
28. Moore, A. D., Donnelly, J. R., and Freer, M. (1997). GRAZPLAN: Decision support systems for Australian grazing enterprises. III. Pasture growth and soil moisture submodels, and the GrassGro DSS. Agricultural Systems 55, 535-82.
29. Northcote, K. H. (1979). 'A Factual Key for the Recognition of Australian Soils.' (Rellim: Glenside, SA.)
30. Peoples, M. B., Herridge, D. F., and Ladha, J. K. (1995a). Biological nitrogen fixation: an efficient source of nitrogen for sustainable agricultural production? Plant and Soil 174, 3-28.
31. 2 fixation through plant and soil management. Plant and Soil 174, 83-101.
32. 2 fixation by subterranean clover in mixed pasture swards. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 27, 663-71.
33. 2 fixation of three shrub legumes periodically pruned for forage. Plant and Soil 182, 125-37.
34. Rayment, G. E., and Higginson, F. R. (1992). 'Australian Laboratory Handbook of Soil and Water Chemical Methods.' (Inkata Press: Melbourne.)
35. Rossiter, R. C. (1966). Ecology of the Mediterranean annual-type pasture. Advances of Agronomy 18, 1-56.
36. 15N natural abundance. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45, 165-81.
37. 15N natural abundance technique. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, 1427-43.
38. Simpson, J. R., Bromfield, S. M., and McKinney, G. T. (1974). Effects of management on soil fertility under pasture. I. Influence of experimental grazing and fertilizer systems on growth, composition and nutrient status of the pasture. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 14, 470-8.
39. Taylor, G. B., Rossiter, R. C., and Palmer, M. J. (1984). Long term patterns of seed softening and seedling establishment from single seed crops of subterranean clover. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 24, 200-12.
40. Thompson, R. B., and Fillery, I. R. P. (1997). Transformation in soil and turnover to wheat of N from components of grazed pasture in south Western Australia. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, 1033-47.
41. Unkovich, M. J., Pate, J. S., and Sanford, P. (1997). Nitrogen fixation by annual legumes in Australian mediterranean agriculture. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, 267-93.
42. 15N natural abundance method in field estimates of nitrogen fixation by crop and pasture legumes in south-west Australia. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45, 119-32.
43. Whitehead, D. C. (1995). 'Grassland Nitrogen.' (CAB International: Wallingford, UK.)
44. 15N-labelled urine in sheep and cattle urine patch areas of pasture soil. Plant and Soil 162, 49-59.
45. Wilson, A. D., and Simpson, R. J. (1993). The pasture resource base: status and issues. In 'Pasture Management: Technology for the 21st Century'. (Eds D. R. Kemp and D. L. Michalk.) pp. 1-25. (CSIRO: Melbourne.)
46. Wolfe, E. C., FitzGerald, R. D., Hall, D. G., and Southwood, O. R. (1980). Beef production from lucerne and subterranean clover pastures. I. The effects of pasture, stocking rate and supplementary feeding. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 20, 678-87.
47. 15N-enriched urea solution. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 22, 437-47.