Preserving natural capital in a world of uncertainty and scarce financial resources

International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 27-42

  Neumayer, Eric ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Economic costs; Ignorance; Natural capital; Sustainability; Uncertainty

Indexed keywords

ECONOMIC COST; ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS; ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; NATURAL CAPITAL; SUSTAINABILITY; UNCERTAINTY;

EID: 0031950032     PISSN: 13504509     EISSN: 17452627     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13504509809469967     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Barbier, E.B., Burgess, J.C. and Folke, C. (1994). Paradise Lost? -The Ecological Economics of Biodiversity. (London: Earihscan)
2. Barde, J-P. (1996). Environmental Taxation: Experience in OECD Countries. In O'Riordan, T. (ed.) Ecotaxation, pp. 223-45. (London: Earthscan)
3. Beckerman, W. (1994). 'Sustainable Development': Is it a Useful Concept? Environmental Values, 3, 191-209
4. Beltratti, A., Chichilnisky, G. and Heal, G. (1993). Preservation, Uncertain Future Preferences and Irreversibility. Working Paper 59-93. (Milano: Fondazione ENI Enrico Mattei)
5. Bodansky, D. (1991). Scientific Uncertainty and the Precautionary Principle. Environment, 33, 4-5, 43-44
6. Boehmer-Christiansen, S. (1994). The Precautionary Principle in Germany -Enabling Government. In O'Riordan, T. and Cameron, J. (eds.) Interpreting the Precautionary Principle, 270, pp. 31-60. (London: Earthscan)
7. Bongaarts, J. (1994). Can the Growing Human Population Feed Itself? -As human numbers surge toward 10 billion, some experts are alarmed, others optimistic. Who is right? Scientific American, March, pp. 18-24
8. Bovenberg, A.L. and Goulder, L.H. (1995). Costs of Environmentally Motivated Taxes in the Presence of Other Taxes: General Equilibrium Analyses, Working Paper No. 5117 (Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research)
9. Bovenberg, A.L. and de Mooij, R.A. (1995). Do Environmental Taxes Yield a Double Dividend?. In Boera, G. and Silberston, A. (eds.) Environmental Economics: Proceedings of a Conference held by the Confederation of European Economics Association at Oxford, pp. 52-69. (London: Macmillan)
10. Brown, K., Pearce, D.W., Perrings, C. and Swanson, T. (1994). Economics and the Conservation of Global Biological Diversity, Working Paper No.2 (Washington, DC: Global Environment Facility)
11. Cameron, J. and Wade-Gery, W. (1995). Addressing Uncertainty: Law, Policy and the Development of the Precautionary Principle. In Dente, B. (ed.) Environmental Policy in Search of Nero Instruments, pp. 95-142. (Dordrecht: Kluwer)
12. Carraro, C., Galeotti, M. and Gallo, M. (1996). Environmental taxation and unemployment: Some evidence on the 'double dividend hypothesis' in Europe. Journal of Public Economics, 62, 141-81
13. Castle, E.N. and Berrens, R.P. (1993). Endangered Species, Economic Analysis, and the Safe Minimum Standard. Northwest EnvironmentalJournal, 9,108-30
14. Chichilnisky, G. and Heal, G. (1993). Global environmental. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 7, 65-86
15. Ciriacy-Wantrup, S.V. (1952). Resource Conservation: Economics and Policies. (Berkeley: University of California Press)
16. Clark, C. W. (1995). Scale and the Feedback Mechanism in Market Economics. In Swanson, T. (ed.) The Economics and Ecology of Biodiversity Decline -The Forces driving Global Change, pp. 143-8. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
17. Costanza, R. (1994). Three General Policies to Achieve Sustainability. Injansson, A., Hammer, M., Folke, C. and Costanza, R. (eds) InvestinginNaturalCapital: The Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainability, pp. 392-407. (Washington, DC: Island Press)
18. Costanza, R., d'Arge, R., de Groot, R., Farber, S., Grasso, M., Hannon, B., Limburg, K., Naeem, S., O'Neill, R.V., Paruelo, J., Raskin, R.G., Sutton, P. and van den Belt, M. (1997). The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 387, 253-60
19. Crowards, T.M. (1996). Addressing Uncertainty in Project Evaluation: The Costs and Benejits of Safe Minimum Standards, Working Paper GEC 96-04. (University of East Anglia and University College London: Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment)
20. Daly, H.E. and Townsend, K.N. (1993). Introduction. In Daly, H.E. and Townsend, K.N. (eds.) Economics, Ecology, Ethics, pp. 1-10. (Cambridge, MA: MTT Press)
21. Daly, H.E. and Costanza, R. (1992). Natural capital and sustainable development. Conservation Biology, 6, 37-46
22. Ehrlich, P.R. and Ehrlich, A.H. (1992). The value of biodiversity. Ambio, 21, 219-26
23. Ehrlich, P.R. (1989). The limits to substitution: Metaresource depletion and a new economic-ecological paradigm. Ecological Economics, 1, 9-16
24. Ekins, P. (1996). On the Dividends from Environmental Taxation. In O'Riordan, T. (ed.) Ecotaxation, pp. 125-62. (London: Earthscan)
25. Faucheux, S. and Froger, G. (1995). Decision-making under environmental uncertainty. Ecological Economics, 15, 29-42
26. Goulder, L.H. (1994). Environmental Taxation and the Double Dividend ': A Reader's Guide, Working Paper No. 74. (Munich: Center for Economic Studies University of Munich)
27. Hahn, R.W. and Axtell, R.L. (1995). Reevaluating the relationship between transferable property rights and command-and-control regulation. Journal of Regulatory Economics, 8, 125-48
28. Hahn, R.W. (1990). The political economy of environmental regulation: Towards a unifying framework. Public Choice, 65, 21-47
29. Hanley, N., Hallet, S. and Moffatt, I. (1990). Why is more notice not taken of economists prescriptions for the control of pollution?. Environment and Planning A, 22, 1421-39
30. Hartwick, J.M. (1990). Natural resources, national accounting and economic depreciation. Journal of Public Economics, 43, 291-304
31. Holling, C.S. (1995). Sustainability: The cross-scale dimension. In Munasinghe, M. and Shearer, W. (eds.) Defining and Measuring Sustainability: The Bio geophysical Foundations, pp. 65-75. (Washington, DC: The World Bank)
32. IPCC (1996). Climate Change 1995-Economic and Social Dimensions ofClimate Change-Contribution ofWorking Group III to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
33. Jackson, T. (1995). Price elasticity and market structure -Overcoming obstacles to final demand energy efficiency. In Barker, T., Ekins, P. and Johnstone, N. (eds.) Global Warming and Energy Elasticities, pp. 254-66. (London: Routledge)
34. Jacobs, M. (1995). Sustainable development, capital substitution and economic humility: A response to Beckcrman. Environmental Values, 4, 57-68
35. Jaeger, W., K. (1995). The welfare cost of a global carbon tax when tax revenues are recycled. Resource and Energy Economics, 17, 47-67
36. Jaffe, A.B., Peterson, S.R. and Stavins, R.N. (1995). Environmental regulation and the competitiveness of US manufacturing: What does the evidence tell us?. Journal of Economic Literature, 33, 132-63
37. Jaffe, A.B. and Stavins, R. N. (1994) The energy paradox and the diffusion of conservation technology. Resource and Energy Economics, 16, 91-122
38. Jochem, E. and Gruber, E. (1990). Obstacles to rational electricity use and measures to alleviate them. Energy Policy, 18, 340-50
39. Krutilla, K.V. (1967). Conservation reconsidered. American Economic Review, 57, 777-86
40. Lutz, E. (1992). Agricultural trade liberalization, price changes, and environmental effects. Environmental and Resource Economics, 2, 79-89
41. McCoy, D. (1996). Reflections on the double dividend debate. In O'Riordan, T. (ed.) Ecotaxation, pp. 201-14. (London: Earthscan)
42. Meadows, D., Meadows, D., Zahn, E. and Milling, P. (1972). The Limits to Growth. (New York: Universe Books)
43. Norton, B. (1986). Commodity, amenity, and morality -The limits of quantification in valuing biodiversity. In W'ilson, E.O. (ed.) Biodiversity, pp. 200-5. (Washington, DC: National Academy Press)
44. Oates, W.E., Palmer, K. and Portney, P.R. (1993). Environmental Regulation and International Competitiveness: Thinking about the Porter Hypothesis, Working Paper No.93-11 (Washington, DC: Resources for the Future)
45. Palmer, K., Oates, W.E. and Portney, P.R. (1995). Tightening environmental standards: The benefit-cost or the no-cost paradigm? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9, 119-32
46. Parry, L, Williams, R. and Goulder, L.H. (1997). When can Carbon Abatement Policies Increase Welfare ? The Fundamental Role of Distorted Factor Markets, Working Paper 5967. (Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research)
47. Pearce, D.W. (1991). The role of carbon taxes in adjusting to global warming. Economic Journal, 101, 938-48
48. Pearce, D.W. (1994). The precautionary principle and economic analysis. In O'Riordan, T. and Cameron, J. (eds.) Interpreting the Precautionary Principle, pp. 132-51. (London: Earthscan)
49. Pearce, D.W. (1996). Valuing the Environment, Lecture notes from a lecture in the Cambridge University series "Valuing the Environment"
50. Pearson, M. (1995). The political economy of implementing environmental taxes. International Tax and Public Finance, 2, 357-73
51. Perrings, C. and Pearce, D.W. (1994). Threshold effects and incentives for the conservation of biodiversity. Environmental and Resource Economics, 4, 13-28
52. Perrings, C. (1994). Biotic diversity, sustainable development, and natural capital. Injansson, A., Hammer, M., Folke, C. and Costanza, R. (eds.) Investing in Natural Capital: The Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainability, pp. 92-112. (Washington, DC: Island Press)
53. Perrings, C., Folke, C. and Maler, K-G. (1992). The ecology and economics of biodiversity loss: The research agenda. Ambio, 21, 201-11
54. Porter, M.E. and ran der Linde, C. (1995). Toward a new conception of the environment-competitiveness relationship. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9, 97-118
55. Preston, S.H. (1996). The effect of population growth on environmental quality. Population Research and Policy Revieiv, 15, 95-108
56. Randall, A. (1991). The value of biodiversity. Ambio, 20,64-8
57. Roodman, D.M. (1996). Paying the Piper: Subsidies, Politics, and the Environment, Worldwatch Paper No. 133. (Washington, DC: Worldwatch Institute)
58. Ruttan, V.W. (1991). Constraints on sustainable growth in agricultural production: Into the 21st century. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 39,567-80
59. Schuh, H. (1995). Viele Arten, wenig Wissen. Die Zeit, 24/11/95, p. 25
60. Solow, R.M. (1993). An almost practical step toward sustainability. Resources Policy, 19, 162-72
61. Stavins, R.N. (1996). Correlated uncertainty and policy instrument choice. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 30, 218-32
62. US Congress (1978). Endangered Species Act Amendments of 1978, Report No. 95-1625 on the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (Public Law93-205) asamended by the 95th Congress. (Washington, DC: US Congress)