State and change in carbon pools in the forests of tropical Africa

Global Change Biology

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 97-114

  Gaston, Greg ^a   Brown, Sandra ^a   Lorenzini, Massimiliano ^b   Singh, K D ^b  

^a U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

^b FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS   (Italy)

Author keywords

Africa; Biomass; Carbon pools; Deforestation; Forest degradation; Global carbon budget; Human population; Land use change

Indexed keywords

BIOMASS; CARBON POOL; LAND-USE CHANGE; MODELLING; TROPICAL FOREST;

AFRICA;

APOGON BRACHYGRAMMUS;

EID: 0031943927     PISSN: 13541013     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00114.x     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. ATLANTA Consult. (n.d.) Inventaire forestièr de la Guinee forestière. Rapport de Synthèse, Hamburg, Germany.
2. Belward A, Loveland T (1996) The DIS 1 km land cover data set. Global Change Newsletter, 27, 7-9.
3. Best ACG, DeBlij H (1977) African Survey. Wiley and Sons, New York, 626 p.
4. Bourliere F, Hadley M (1983) Present day savannas: an overview. In: Ecosystems of the World 13: Tropical Savannas (ed. Bourliere F), pp. 1-11. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
5. Brown S (1997) Estimating Biomass and Biomass Change of Tropical Forests- A Primer. FAO Forestry Paper 134, FAO, Rome, Italy.
6. Brown S, Anderson JM, Woomer PL, Swift MJ, Barrios E (1994) Soil biological processes in tropical ecosystems. In: The Biological Management of Tropical Soil Fertility (eds Woomer PL, Swift MJ), pp. 15-46. John Wiley, Chichester, UK.
7. Brown S, Gaston G (1995) Use of forest inventories and geographic information systems to estimate biomass density of tropical forests: application to tropical Africa. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 38, 157-168.
8. Brown S, Gaston G, Daniels RC (1996) Tropical Africa: Land Use, Biomass, and Carbon Estimates for 1980. ORNL/CDIAC-92 NDP-055, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.
9. Brown S, Gillespie AJR, Lugo AE (1989) Biomass estimation methods for tropical forests with applications to forest inventory data. Forest Science, 35, 881-902.
10. Brown S, Gillespie AJR, Lugo AE (1991) Biomass of tropical forests of South and Southeast Asia. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 21, 111-117.
11. Brown S, Iverson LR, Prasad A, Liu S (1993) Geographical distributions of carbon in biomass and soils of tropical Asian forests. Geocarto International, 4, 45-59.
12. Brown S, Lugo AE (1982) Storage and production of organic matter in tropical forests and their role in the global carbon cycle. Biotropica, 14, 161-187.
13. Brown S, Lugo AE (1992) Aboveground biomass estimates for tropical moist forests of the Brazilian Amazon. Interciencia, 17, 8-18.
14. Callister DJ (1992) Illegal Tropical Timber Trade: Asia-Pacific. TRAFFIC International, Cambridge, UK.
15. Cohen WB, Harmon ME, Wallin DO, Fiorella M (1996) Two decades of carbon flux from forests of the Pacific Northwest. BioScience, 46, 836-844.
16. 2 Concentrations: Southeast Asia as a Case Study. Springer, New York.
17. Emanuel WR, Shugart HH, Stevenson MP (1985) Climatic change and broad-scale distribution of terrestrial ecosystem complexes. Climatic Change, 7, 29-43.
18. FAO (1971-1981) Soils Map of the World 1:5,000,000. Rome, Italy.
19. FAO (1981) Evaluacion De Los Recursos Forestales De La Republic Popolar De Mozambique. Rome, Italy.
20. FAO (1983) Developpement Des Resources Forestières Et Renforcement Du Service Forestier. Haute Volta Inventaire Forestier National, FO:DP/UPV/78/004, Rapport Technique 3, Rome, Italy.
21. FAO (1989) Studies on the Volume and Yield of Tropical Forest Stands 1. Dry Forest Formations. FAO Forestry Paper 51/1, Rome, Italy.
22. FAO (1992) Yearbook Forest Products 1981-1992. Rome, Italy.
23. FAO (1993) Forest Resources Assessment 1990 Tropical Countries. FAO Forestry Paper 112, Rome, Italy.
24. FAO (1996) Forest Resources Assessment 1990 Survey of Tropical Forest Cover and Study of Change Processes. FAO Forestry Paper 130, Rome, Italy.
25. Fearnside P (1991) Greenhouse gas contributions from deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia. In: Global Biomass Burning: Atmospheric, Climatic, and Biospheric Implications (ed. Levine JS), pp. 92-105. MIT Press, Boston, MA.
26. 2 Concentrations: Southeast Asia as a Case Study (ed. Dale V), pp. 201-300.Springer, New York.
27. Forster H (1983) Evaluation of the National Forest Inventory of the Gambia. Gambian-German forestry project, PN 79.2145.5, Report No.10, DFS GTZ, Hamburg, Germany.
28. Freson R, Goffinet G, Malaisse F (1974) Ecological effects of the regressive succession muhulu-miombo-savannah in Upper-Shaba (Zaire). In: Proceedings 1st International Congress of Ecology, pp. 365-371. Pudoc, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
29. Goldammer JG (1993) Historical biogeography of fire: tropical and subtropical. In: Fire in the Environment: the Ecological, Atmospheric, and Climatic Importance of Vegetation Fires (eds Crutzen PJ, Goldammer JG), pp. 297-314. John Wiley, Chichester, UK.
30. Graham RL, Perlack RD, Prasad AMG Ranny JW, Waddle DB (1990) Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Sub-Saharan Africa. ORNL-6640, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, 135p.
31. Greenland DJ, Kowal JML (1960) Nutrient content of the moist tropical forest of Ghana. Plant and Soil, 12, 154-173.
32. Hall CAS Uhlig J (1991) Refining estimates of carbon released from tropical land-use change. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 21, 118-131.
33. Houghton KA (1995) Land-use change and the carbon cycle. Global Change Biology, 1, 275-287.
34. Houghton RA, Hackler JCL (1995) Continental Scale Estimates of the Biotic Carbon Flux from Land Cover Change: 1850-1980. ORNL/CDIAC-79 NDP-050, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
35. Houghton RA, Lefkowitz DS, Skole DL (1991a) Changes in the landscape of Latin America between 1850 and 1985, I. Progressive loss of forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 38, 143-172.
36. 2 to the atmosphere. Forest Ecology and Management, 38, 173-199.
37. Huttel CH, Bernhard-Reversat F (1975) Récherches sur l'ecosystème de la fôret subequatoriale de base Côte D'Ivoire. Cycle de las matière organique. Terre et Vie, 29, 203-228.
38. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (1995) IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Vol. 1-3. IPCC WGI Technical Support Unit, Bracknell, UK.
39. 2 Concentrations: Southeast Asia as a Case Study (ed. Dale V), pp. 67-116. Springer Verlag, New York, USA.
40. Khasa PD, Valle G, Belanger J, Bousquet J (1995) Utilization and management of forest resources in Zaire. The Forestry Chronicle, 71, 479-488.
41. Lacaux JP, Cachier H, Delmas R (1993) Biomass burning in Africa: an overview of its impact on atmospheric chemistry. In: Fire in the Environment: The Ecological, Atmospheric, and Climatic Importance of Vegetation Fires (eds Crutzen PJ, Goldammer JG), pp. 159-192. John Wiley, Chichester, UK.
42. Lamotte M (1975) The structure and function of a tropical savanna ecosystem. In: Tropical Ecosystems: Trends in Terrestrial and Aquatic Research (eds Golley FB, Medina E), pp. 179-222. Springer, New York.
43. Lamotte M, Bourliere F (1983) Energy flow and nutrient cycling in tropical savannas. In: Ecosystems of the World 13: Tropical Savannas (ed. Bourliere F), pp. 583-603. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
44. Larcher W (1980) Physiological Plant Ecology, 2nd edn. Springer, Heidelberg, Germany, 303 pp.
45. Lavenu F (1987) Vegetation Map of Africa Scale 1:1,5000,000. Institute de la Carte Internationale de la Vegetation, Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Distributed by FAO Forest Resources Assessment 1990 Project, Rome, Italy.
46. Lewis LA, Berry L (1988) African Environments and Resources. Allen and Unwin Inc. Winchester, MA, 400 pp.
47. Martin C (1991) The Rainforests of West Africa. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, Switzerland, 235 pp.
48. McKane RB, Rastetter EB, Melillo JM, Shaver GR, Hopkinson CS, Fernandes DN, Skole DL, Chomentowski WH (1995) Effects of global change on carbon storage in tropical forests of South America. Global Biogeochemical Cycle, 9, 329-350.
49. Menaut JC, Abbadie L, Lavenu F, Loudjami P, Podaire A (1991) Biomass burning in west African savannas In: Global Biomass Burning: Atmospheric, Climatic and Biospheric Implications (ed. Levine JS), pp. 133-142. MIT Press, Cambridge MA.
50. Menaut JC, Cesar J (1979) Structure and primary productivity of Lamto savannas, Ivory Coast. Ecology, 60, 1197-1210.
51. Millington AC, Critchley RW, Douglas TD, Ryan P (1994) Estimating Woody Biomass in Sub-Saharan Africa. The World Bank, Washington, DC.
52. Neilson RP, King GA, Koerper G (1992) Towards a rule-based biome model. Landscape Ecology, 7, 27-43.
53. Olson JS, Watts JA, Allison LJ (1983) Carbon in Live Vegetation of Major World Ecosystems. TR004, US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Research, Washington, DC.
54. Parton WJ, Stewart JWB Cole CV (1988) Dynamics of C, N, P and S in grassland soils: A model. Biogeochemistry, 5, 109-131.
55. Pierlot R (1966) Structure et Composition de Fôrets Denses d'Afrique Centralle, Specialement celles du Kivu. N.S. XVI-4, Academie Royale des Sciences d'Outre-mer, Classe des Sciences Naturelles et Medicales, Bruxelles, Belgium.
56. Prentice IC, Cramer W, Harrison SP, Leemans R, Monserud RA, Solomon AM (1992) A global biome model based on plant physiology and dominance, soil properties and climate. Journal of Biogeography, 19, 117-134.
57. Prince SD, Goward SN (1995) Global primary production: a remote sensing approach. Journal of Biogeography, 22, 815-835.
58. Ravindranath NH, Hall DO (1994) Indian forest conservation and tropical deforestation. Ambio, 23, 521-523.
59. Reyes G, Brown S, Chapman J, Lugo AE (1992) Wood Densities of Tropical Tree Species. General Technical Report SO-88, USDA Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, New Orleans, LA, USA, 15pp.
60. Sanford RL, Cuevas E (1996) Root growth and rhizosphere interactions in tropical forests. In: Tropical Forest Plant Physiology (eds Mulkey SS, Chazdon RL, Smith AP), pp. 268-300. Chapman and Hall, New York.
61. Sharma MK (1986) Ecofloristic Zones of Africa. Institute de la Carte Internationale de la Vegetation, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France, Distributed by FAO Forest Resources Assessment 1990 Project, Rome, Italy.
62. Skole DL, Moore B III, Chomentowski WH (1994) Spatial analysis of land-cover change and carbon flux associated with biomass burning in Brazil, 1970-1980. In: Climate Biosphere Interaction: Biogenic Emissions and Environmental Effects of Climate Change (ed. Zepp RG), pp. 161-202. John Wiley, Chichester, UK.
63. Skole D, Tucker C (1993) Tropical deforestation and habitat fragmentation in the Amazon: satellite data from 1978 to 1988. Science, 260, 1095-1910.
64. Trexler MC, Haugen C (1995) Keeping it Green: Tropical Forestry Opportunities for Mitigating Climate Change. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC, USA, 52 p.
65. Walker BH (1980) Review of browse and its role in livestock production in southern Africa. In: Browse in Africa: the Current State of Knowledge (ed. Le Houerou HN), pp. 7-15. International Livestock Centre for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
66. White F (1983) The Vegetation of Africa: a Descriptive Memoir to Accompany the Unesco/AETFAT/UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa. UNESCO, United Nations, New York.