Genetic diversity and structure of natural and transplanted eelgrass populations in the Chesapeake and Chincoteague bays

Estuaries

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 118-128

  Williams, Susan L ^a   Orth, Robert J ^b  

^a SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b VIRGINIA INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EELGRASS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; GENTIC DIVERSITY; POPULATION STRUCTURE; TRANSPLANTATION EXPERIMENT;

CHESAPEAKE BAY; CHINCOTEAGUE BAY; MARYLAND; USA;

MAGNOLIOPHYTA; POACEAE; ZOSTERA MARINA;

EID: 0031939580     PISSN: 01608347     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1352551     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. ALBERTE, R. S., G. K. SUBA, G. PROCACCINI, R. C. ZIMMERMAN, AND S. R. FAIN. 1994. Assessment of genetic diversity of seagrass populations using DNA fingerprinting: Implications for population stability and management. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA 91:1049-1053.
2. BARRETT, S. C. H., C. G. ECKERT, AND B. C. HUSBAND. 1993. Evolutionary processes in aquatic plant populations. Aquatic Botany 44:105-145.
3. BARRETT, S. AND J. R. KOHN. 1991. Genetic and evolutionary consequences of small population size in plants: Implications for conservation, p. 3-30. In D. A. Falk and K. E. Holsinger (eds.), Genetics and Conservation of Rare Plants. The Oxford University Press, Oxford, England.
4. BATIUK, R. A., W. C. DENNISON, J. C. STEVENSON, L. W. STAVER, V. CARTER, N. B. RYBICKI, R. E. HICKMAN, S. KOLLAR, S. BIEBER, AND P. HEASLY. 1992. Chesapeake Bay submerged aquatic vegetation habitat requirements and restoration targets: A technical synthesis. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Annapolis, Maryland.
5. CHESAPEAKE BAY EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. 1989. Submerged aquatic vegetation policy for the Chesapeake Bay and tidal tributaries. Annapolis, Maryland.
6. CHESAPEAKE BAY EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. 1990. Submerged aquatic vegetation policy implementation plan for the Chesapeake Bay and tidal tributaries. Annapolis, Maryland.
7. COTTAM, C. AND D. A. MUNRO. 1954. Eelgrass status and environmental relations. Journal of Wildlife Management 18:449-460.
8. DENNISON, W. C., R. J. ORTH, K. A. MOORE, J. C. STEVENSON, V. CARTER, S. KOLLAR, P. W. BERGSTROM, AND R. A. BATIUK. 1993. Assessing water quality with submersed aquatic vegetation. Bioscience 143:86-94.
9. EWANCHUK, P. J. 1995. Population growth of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.): The relative importance of sexual versus asexual reproduction. M.S. thesis, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.
10. EWANCHUK, P. J. AND S. L. WILLIAMS. 1996. Survival and re-establishment of vegetative fragments of eelgrass (Zostera marina). Canadian Journal of Botany 74:1584-1590.
11. FAIN, S. R., A. DETOMASO, AND R. S. ALBERTE. 1992. Characterization of disjunct populations of Zostera marina (eelgrass) from California: Genetic differences resolved by restriction-fragment length polymorphisms. Marine Biology 112:683-689.
12. FENSTER, C. B. AND M. R. DUDASH. 1994. Genetic considerations for plant population restoration and conservation, p. 34-62. In M. L. Bowles and C. J. Whelan (eds.), Restoration of Endangered Species: Conceptual Issues, Planning, and Implementation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Great Britain.
13. FIEDLER, P. L. AND S. K. JAIN (eds.). 1992. Conservation Biology: The Theory and Practice of Nature Conservation, Preservation, and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York.
14. FISHMAN, J. R. AND R. J. ORTH. 1996. Effects of predation on Zostera marina L. seed abundance. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 198:11-26.
15. FONSECA, M. S., W. J. KENWORTHY, AND G. W. THAYER. 1988. Restoration and management of seagrass systems: A review, p. 353-368. In D. D. Hook, W. H. McKee, Jr., H. K. Smith, J. Gregory, V. G. Burrell, Jr., M. R. De Voe, R. E. Sojka, S. Gilbert, K. Banks, L. H. Stolzy, C. Brooks, T. D. Mathews, and T. H. Shear (eds.), The Ecology and Management of Wetlands. Volume 2. Management, Use and Value of Wetlands. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon.
16. HARRISON, P. G. AND C. DURANCE. 1992. Variation in clonal structure in an eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadow on the Pacific coast of Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany 70:653-657.
17. HEDGECOCK, D. AND F. SLY. 1990. Genetic drift and effective population sizes of hatchery-propagated stocks of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Aquaculture 88:21-38.
18. HEIJ, H. AND P. H. NIENHUIS. 1992. Intraspecific variation in isozyme patterns of phenotypically separated populations of Zostera marina L. in the south-western Netherlands. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 161:1-14.
19. HOOTSMANS, M. J. M., J. E. VERMAAT, AND W. VAN VIERSSEN. 1987. Seed-bank development, germination and early seedling survival of two seagrass species from the Netherlands: Zostera marina L. and Zostera noltii Hornem. Aquatic Botany 28: 275-285.
20. KEMP, W. M., W. R. BOYNTON, R. R. TWILLEY, J. C. STEVENSON, AND J. C. MEANS. 1983. The decline of submerged aquatic vegetation in upper Chesapeake Bay: A summary of results concerning possible causes. Marine Technology Society Journal 17:78-89.
21. LACY, R. C. 1987. Loss of genetic diversity from managed populations: Interacting effects of drift, mutation, immigration, selection, and population subdivision. Conservation Biology 1: 143-158.
22. MOORE, K. A., H. A. NECKLES, AND R. J. ORTH. 1996. Zostera marina (eelgrass) growth and survival along a gradient of nutrients and turbidity in the lower Chesapeake Bay. Marine Ecology Progress Series 142:247-259.
23. MUEHLSTEIN, L. K., D. PORTER, AND F. T. SHORT. 1988. Labyrinthula sp., a marine slime mold producing the symptoms of wasting disease in eelgrass, Zostera marina. Marine Biology 99: 465-472.
24. MUEHLSTEIN, L. K., D. PORTER, AND F. T. SHORT. 1991. Labyrinthula zosterae sp. nov., the causal agent of the wasting disease of eelgrass, Zostera marina. Mycologia 83:180-191.
25. NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL. 1995. Understanding Marine Biodiversity. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
26. NEI, M. 1972. Genetic distance between populations. American Naturalist 106:283-292.
27. ORTH, R. J. 1977. Zostera marina. In J. C. Stevenson and N. M. Confer (eds.), Summary of Available Information on Chesapeake Bay Submerged Vegetation. United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Biological Services Program, Washington, D.C. FWS/OBS-78/66.
28. ORTH, R. J., R. A., BATIUK, AND J. F. NOWAK. 1994b. Trends in the distribution, abundance, and habitat quality of submerged aquatic vegetation in the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries, 1971-1991. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Chesapeake Bay Program Final Report. Annapolis, Maryland. CBP/TRS 137/95. EPA 903-R-95-009.
29. ORTH, R. J., M. W. LUCKENBACH, AND K. A. MOORE. 1995. Seed dispersal in a marine macrophyte: Implications for colonization and restoration. Ecology 75:1927-1939.
30. ORTH, R. J. AND K. A. MOORE. 1983. Chesapeake Bay: An unprecedented decline in submerged aquatic vegetation. Science 222:51-53.
31. ORTH, R. J. AND K. A. MOORE. 1984. Distribution and abundance of submerged aquatic vegetation in Chesapeake Bay: An historical perspective. Estuaries 7:531-540.
32. ORTH, R. J. AND K. A. MOORE. 1986. Seasonal and year-to-year variations in the growth of Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) in the lower Chesapeake Bay. Aquatic Botany 24:335-341.
33. ORTH, R. J. AND K. A. MOORE. 1988. Distribution of Zostera marina L. and Ruppia maritima L. sensu lato along depth gradients in the lower Chesapeake Bay. Aquatic Botany 32:291-305.
34. ORTH, R. J., J. F. NOWAK, G. F. ANDERSON, AND J. R. WHITING. 1994a. Distribution and abundance of submerged aquatic vegetation in the Chesapeake Bay and tributaries and Chincoteague Bay - 1993. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Chesapeake Bay Program Final Report. Annapolis, Maryland.
35. RASMUSSEN, E. 1977. The wasting disease of eelgrass (Zostera marina) and its effects on environmental factors and fauna, p. 1-51. In C. P. McRoy and C. Helfferich (eds.), Seagrass Ecosystems: A Scientific Perspective. Marcel Dekker, New York.
36. RUCKELSHAUS, M. H. 1995. Estimates of outcrossing rates and of inbreeding depression in a population of the marine angiosperm Zostera marina. Marine Biology 123:583-593.
37. RUCKELSHAUS, M. H. 1996. Estimation of genetic neighborhood parameters from pollen and seed dispersal in the marine angiosperm Zostera marina L. Evolution 50:856-864.
38. RYMAN, N. AND F. UTTER. (eds.). 1987. Population Genetics and Fishery Management. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington.
39. SHORT, F. T., L. K. MUEHLSTEIN, AND D. PORTER. 1987. Eelgrass wasting disease: Cause and recurrence of a marine epidemic. Biological Bulletin 173:557-562.
40. SHORT, F. T. AND S. WYLLIE-ECHEVERRIA. 1996. Natural and human induced disturbance of seagrasses. Environmental Conservation 23:17-27.
41. SOLTIS, D., C. HAUFLER, D. DARROW, AND G. GASTONY. 1983. Starch gel electrophoresis of ferns: A compilation of grinding buffers, gel and electrode buffers, and staining schedules. American Fern Journal 73:9-27.
42. SWOFFORD, D. L. AND R. B. SELANDER. 1981. BIOSYS-1: A FORTRAN program for the comprehensive analysis of electrophoretic data in population genetics and systematics. Journal of Heredity 72:281-283.
43. THAYER, G. W. AND M. S. FONSECA. 1984. The ecology of eelgrass meadows of the Atlantic coast: A community profile. United States Fish and Wildlife Service, FWS/OBS-84/01, Washington, D.C.
44. WALDMAN, J. R., K. NOLAN, J. HART, AND I. I. WIRGIN. 1996. Genetic differentiation of three key anadromous fish populations of the Hudson River. Estuaries 19:759-768.
45. WILLIAMS, S. L. AND C. A. DAVIS. 1996. Population genetic analyses of transplanted eelgrass (Zostera marina) reveal reduced genetic diversity in southern California. Restoration Ecology 4: 163-180.
46. WRIGHT, S. 1978. Evolution and the Genetics of Populations, Volume 4. Variability Within and Among Natural Populations. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.