Bird tolerance to human intrusion in Wyoming montane forests

Condor

Volumn 100, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 519-527

  Gutzwiller, Kevin J ^a   Marcum, Heidi A ^a   Harvey, Henry B ^b   Roth, James D ^c   Anderson, Stanley H ^d  

^a BAYLOR UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Shenandoah National Park   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

Author keywords

Bird disturbance; Human intrusion; Intrusion tolerance; Montane forest; Wyoming

Indexed keywords

AVES; GALLIFORMES; PASSERIFORMES;

EID: 0031927083     PISSN: 00105422     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1369718     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. BAKER, R. R., AND G. A. PARKER. 1979. The evolution of bird coloration. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London B 287:63-130.
2. BOYLE, S. A., AND F. B. SAMSON. 1985. Effects of nonconsumptive recreation on wildlife: a review. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 13:110-116.
3. BURGER, J., AND M. GOCHFELD. 1991. Human distance and birds: tolerance and response distances of resident and migrant species in India. Environ. Conserv. 18:158-165.
4. COOKE, A. S. 1980. Observations on how close certain passerine species will tolerate an approaching human in rural and suburban areas. Biol. Conserv. 18:85-88.
5. DUNSLAVY, J. C. 1935. Studies on the phyto-vertical distribution of birds. Auk 52:425-431.
6. DUNNING, J. B., JR. 1984. Body weights of 686 species of North American birds. Western Bird Banding Assoc. Monogr. I. Eldon Publ., Cave Creek, AZ.
7. ERWIN, R. M. 1989. Responses to human intruders by birds nesting in colonies: experimental results and management guidelines. Colonial Waterbirds 12: 104-108.
8. FARRAND, J., JR. [ED.], 1983a. The Audubon Society master guide to birding, Vol. 2. Alfred A. Knopf New York.
9. FARRAND, J., JR. [ED.], 1983b. The Audubon Society master guide to birding. Vol. 3. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
10. GOTMARK, F. 1992. The effects of investigator disturbance on nesting birds. Current Ornithol. 9:63-104.
11. GOTMARK, F., AND U. UNGER. 1994. Are conspicuous birds unprofitable prey? Field experiments with hawks and stuffed prey species. Auk 111:251-262.
12. GREIG-SMITH, P. W. 1981. Responses to disturbance in relation to flock size in foraging groups of Barred Ground Doves Geopelia striata. Ibis 123: 103-106.
13. GUTZWILLER, K. J. 1995. Recreational disturbance and wildlife communities, p. 169-181. In R. L. Knight and K. J. Gutzwiller [eds.], Wildlife and recreationists: coexistence through management and research. Island Press, Washington, DC.
14. GUTZWILLER, K. J., E. A. KROESE, S. H. ANDERSON, AND C. A. WILKINS. 1997. Does human intrusion alter the seasonal timing of avian song during breeding periods? Auk 114:55-65.
15. GUTZWILLER, K. J., AND H. A. MARCUM. 1997. Bird reactions to observer clothing color: implications for distance-sampling techniques. J. Wildl. Manage. 61:935-947.
16. HAYSMITH, L., AND J. D. HUNT. 1995. Nature tourism: impacts and management, p. 203-219. In R. L. Knight and K. J. Gutzwilier [eds.], Wildlife and recreationists: coexistence through management and research. Island Press, Washington, DC.
17. HILL, D. HOCKIN, D. PRICE, G. TUCKER, R. MORRIS, AND J. TREWEEK. 1997. Bird disturbance: improving the quality and utility of disturbance research. J. Appl. Ecol. 34:275-288.
18. HOLM, S. 1979. A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scand. J. Statist. 6:65-70.
19. HOLMES, T. L., R. L. KNIGHT, L. STEGALL, AND G. R. CRAIG. 1993 Responses of wintering grassland raptors to human disturbance. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 21:461-468.
20. HOSMER, D. W., JR., AND S. LEMESHOW. 1989. Applied logistic regression. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
21. HUMPHREY, P. S., B. C. LIVEZEY, AND D. SIEGEL-CAUSEY. 1987. Tameness of birds of the Falkland Islands: an index and preliminary results. Bird Behav. 7:67-72.
22. KLEIN, M. L., S. R. HUMPHREY, AND H. F. PERCIVAL. 1995. Effects of ecotourism on distribution of waterbirds in a wildlife refuge. Conserv. Biol. 9: 1454-1465.
23. KNIGHT, R. L., AND D. N. COLE. 1995. Factors that influence wildlife responses to recreationists, p. 71-79. In R. L. Knight and K. J. Gutzwilier [eds.], Wildlife and recreationists: coexistence through management and research. Island Press, Washington. DC.
24. KNIGHT, R. L., AND R. E. FITZNER. 1985. Human dis- turbance and nest site placement in Black-billed Magpies. J. Field Ornithol. 56:153-157.
25. KNIGHT, R. L., AND K. J. GUTZWILLER. [EDS.]. 1995. Wildlife and recreationists: coexistence through management and research. Island Press, Washington, DC.
26. KNIGHT, R. L., AND S. A. TEMPLE. 1986. Why does intensity of avian nest defense increase during the nesting cycle? Auk 103:318-327.
27. KNIGHT, R. L., AND S. A. TEMPLE. 1995a. Origin of wildlife responses to recreationists, p. 81-91. In R. L. Knight and K. J. Gutzwiller [eds.], Wildlife and recreationists: coexistence through management and research. Island Press, Washington, DC.
28. KNIGHT, R. L., AND S. A. TEMPLE. 1995b. Wildlife and recreationists: coexistence through management, p. 327-333. In R. L. Knight and K. J. Gutzwiller [eds.], Wildlife and recreationists: coexistence through management and research. Island Press, Washington, DC.
29. LIMA, S. L., AND L. M. DILI. 1990. Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation: a review and prospectus. Can. J. Zool. 68:619-640.
30. MACARTHUR, R. H. 1958. Population ecology of some warblers of northeastern coniferous forests. Ecology 39:599-619.
31. MILLER, R. G., JR. 1981. Simultaneous statistical inference. 2nd ed. Springer-Verlag, New York.
32. NICHOLS, J. D., H. F PERCIVAL, R. A. COON, M. J. CONROY, G. L. HENSLER, AND J. E. HINES. 1984. Observer visitation frequency and success of Mourning Dove nests: a field experiment. Auk 101:398-402.
33. OTI, R. L. 1993. An introduction to statistical meth ods and data analysis. 4th ed. Wadsworth, Belmont, CA.
34. PETERSON, R. T. 1990. A field guide to western birds. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
35. PRAVOSUDOV, V. V., AND T. C. GRUBB JR. 1995. Vigilance in the Tufted Titmouse varies independently with air temperature and conspecific group size. Condor 97:1064-1067.
36. PURDY, K. G., G. R. GOFF, D. J. DECKER, G. A. POM- ERANTZ, AND N. A. CONNELLY. 1987. A guide to managing human activity on national wildlife refuges. USDI Fish and Wildl. Serv., Office of Information Transfer, Fort Collins, CO.
37. RICE, W. R. 1989. Analyzing tables of statistical tests. Evolution 43:223-225.
38. RIFFELL, S. K., K. J. GUTZWILLER, AND S. H. ANDERSON. 1996. Does repeated human intrusion cause cumulative declines in avian richness and abundance? Ecol. Appl. 6:492-505.
39. RODGERS, J. A., JR., AND H. T. SMITH. 1995. Set-back distances to protect nesting bird colonies from human disturbance in Florida. Conserv. Biol. 9:89-99.
40. SAS INSTITUTE. 1989. SAS/STAT user's guide. Version 6. 4th ed. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC.
41. TFRRES, J. K. 1980. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of North American birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
42. WESTMORELAND, D., AND L. B. BEST. 1985. The effect of disturbance on Mourning Dove nesting success. Auk 102:774-780.
43. WILSON, R. P., B. CULIK, R. DANFELD, AND D. ADELUNG. 1991. People in Antarctica - how much do Adélie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae care? Polar Biol. 11:363-370