메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 104, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 185-193

The effects of snake predation on metamorphosis of western toads, bufo boreas (Amphibia, Bufonidae)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMMON GARTER SNAKE; EMERGENCE; METAMORPHOSIS; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTION; WESTERN TOAD;

EID: 0031923182     PISSN: 01791613     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1998.tb00061.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (25)

References (44)
  • 1
    • 0024248349 scopus 로고
    • Effects of larval growth history on anuran metamorphosis
    • ALFORD, R. A. & HARRIS, R. N. 1988: Effects of larval growth history on anuran metamorphosis. Am. Nat. 131, 91-106.
    • (1988) Am. Nat. , vol.131 , pp. 91-106
    • Alford, R.A.1    Harris, R.N.2
  • 2
    • 0000562099 scopus 로고
    • Differential predation on metamorphic anurans by garter snakes (Thamnophis): Social behavior as a possible defense
    • ARNOLD, S. J. & WASSERSUG, R. J. 1978: Differential predation on metamorphic anurans by garter snakes (Thamnophis): social behavior as a possible defense. Ecology 59, 1014-1022.
    • (1978) Ecology , vol.59 , pp. 1014-1022
    • Arnold, S.J.1    Wassersug, R.J.2
  • 3
    • 2642665908 scopus 로고
    • Postmetamorphic basking aggregations of the boreal toad, Bufo boreas boreas
    • BLACK, J. H. & BLACK, J. N. 1969: Postmetamorphic basking aggregations of the boreal toad, Bufo boreas boreas. Can. Field Nat. 83, 155-156.
    • (1969) Can. Field Nat. , vol.83 , pp. 155-156
    • Black, J.H.1    Black, J.N.2
  • 4
    • 0029535361 scopus 로고
    • Aggregation and kin recognition
    • HEATWOLE, H. & SULLIVAN, B. K., eds. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Chipping Norton, Australia
    • BLAUSTEIN, A. R. & WALLS, S. C. 1995: Aggregation and kin recognition. In: Amphibian Biology, Vol. 2 (HEATWOLE, H. & SULLIVAN, B. K., eds). Surrey Beatty and Sons, Chipping Norton, Australia. pp. 568-602.
    • (1995) Amphibian Biology , vol.2 , pp. 568-602
    • Blaustein, A.R.1    Walls, S.C.2
  • 5
    • 1842349674 scopus 로고
    • Body size and orientation in aggregates of toad tadpoles Bufo woodhousei
    • BREDEN, F. B., LUM, A. & WASSERSUG, R. J. 1982: Body size and orientation in aggregates of toad tadpoles Bufo woodhousei. Copeia 1982, 672-680.
    • (1982) Copeia , vol.1982 , pp. 672-680
    • Breden, F.B.1    Lum, A.2    Wassersug, R.J.3
  • 6
    • 0030617057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eastern long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum columbianum) larvae recognize cannibalistic conspecifics
    • CHIVERS, D. P., WILDY, E. L. & BLAUSTEIN, A. R. 1997: Eastern long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum columbianum) larvae recognize cannibalistic conspecifics. Ethology 103, 187-197.
    • (1997) Ethology , vol.103 , pp. 187-197
    • Chivers, D.P.1    Wildy, E.L.2    Blaustein, A.R.3
  • 7
    • 0000525177 scopus 로고
    • Effect of habitat drying on developmental time and size at metamorphosis in Hyla pseudopoma
    • CRUMP, M. L. 1989: Effect of habitat drying on developmental time and size at metamorphosis in Hyla pseudopoma. Copeia 1989, 794-797.
    • (1989) Copeia , vol.1989 , pp. 794-797
    • Crump, M.L.1
  • 8
    • 84861106366 scopus 로고
    • Functional morphology of the jaw apparatus of larval and metamorphosing Rana temporaria L
    • DE JONGH, H. J. 1968: Functional morphology of the jaw apparatus of larval and metamorphosing Rana temporaria L. Netherlands J. Zool. 18, 1-103.
    • (1968) Netherlands J. Zool. , vol.18 , pp. 1-103
    • De Jongh, H.J.1
  • 9
    • 0024928328 scopus 로고
    • Limitations of a generalist: A field comparison of foraging snakes
    • DRUMMOND, H. & C. M. GARCIA. 1989: Limitations of a generalist: a field comparison of foraging snakes. Behaviour 108, 23-43.
    • (1989) Behaviour , vol.108 , pp. 23-43
    • Drummond, H.1    Garcia, C.M.2
  • 10
    • 0001752721 scopus 로고
    • The implications of shape and metamorphosis for drag forces on a generalized pond tadpole
    • DUDLEY, R., KING, V. A. & WASSERSUG, R. J. 1991: The implications of shape and metamorphosis for drag forces on a generalized pond tadpole. Copeia 1991, 252-257.
    • (1991) Copeia , vol.1991 , pp. 252-257
    • Dudley, R.1    King, V.A.2    Wassersug, R.J.3
  • 11
    • 0031082130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Juvenile toads avoid chemical cues from snake predators
    • FLOWERS, M. A. & GRAVES, B. M. 1997: Juvenile toads avoid chemical cues from snake predators. Anim. Behav. 53, 641-646.
    • (1997) Anim. Behav. , vol.53 , pp. 641-646
    • Flowers, M.A.1    Graves, B.M.2
  • 12
    • 0000396128 scopus 로고
    • A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification
    • GOSNER, N. 1960: A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification. Herpetologica 16, 183-190.
    • (1960) Herpetologica , vol.16 , pp. 183-190
    • Gosner, N.1
  • 13
    • 0000168704 scopus 로고
    • Antipredator behavior of recently metamorphosed toads (Bufo a. americanus) during encounters with garter snakes (Thamnophis s. sirtalis)
    • HAYES, F. E. 1989: Antipredator behavior of recently metamorphosed toads (Bufo a. americanus) during encounters with garter snakes (Thamnophis s. sirtalis). Copeia 1989, 1011-1015.
    • (1989) Copeia , vol.1989 , pp. 1011-1015
    • Hayes, F.E.1
  • 14
    • 0022170332 scopus 로고
    • Cryptic behavior in juvenile toads
    • HEINEN, J. T. 1985: Cryptic behavior in juvenile toads. J. Herpetol. 19, 524-527.
    • (1985) J. Herpetol. , vol.19 , pp. 524-527
    • Heinen, J.T.1
  • 15
    • 0027383565 scopus 로고
    • Aggregations of newly metamorphosed Bufo americanus. tests of two hypotheses
    • _ 1993: Aggregations of newly metamorphosed Bufo americanus. tests of two hypotheses. Can. J. Zool. 71, 334-338.
    • (1993) Can. J. Zool. , vol.71 , pp. 334-338
  • 16
    • 0028165765 scopus 로고
    • Antipredator behavior in newly metamorphosed American toads (Bufo americanus) and mechanisms of hunting by eastern garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis)
    • _ 1994: Antipredator behavior in newly metamorphosed American toads (Bufo americanus) and mechanisms of hunting by eastern garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis). Herpetologica 50, 137-145.
    • (1994) Herpetologica , vol.50 , pp. 137-145
  • 17
    • 0028312352 scopus 로고
    • The effects of kinship on growth and development in tadpoles of R. cascadae
    • HOKIT, D. G. & BLAUSTEIN, A. R. 1994: The effects of kinship on growth and development in tadpoles of R. cascadae. Evolution 48, 1383-1388.
    • (1994) Evolution , vol.48 , pp. 1383-1388
    • Hokit, D.G.1    Blaustein, A.R.2
  • 18
    • 0000966887 scopus 로고
    • Sprint velocity of tadpoles (Bufo boreas) through metamorphosis
    • HUEY, R. B. 1980: Sprint velocity of tadpoles (Bufo boreas) through metamorphosis. Copeia 1980, 537-540.
    • (1980) Copeia , vol.1980 , pp. 537-540
    • Huey, R.B.1
  • 19
    • 0030303248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of chemical cues in predator recognition by western toad tadpoles
    • KIESECKER, J. M., CHIVERS, D. P. & BLAUSTEIN, A. R. 1996: The use of chemical cues in predator recognition by western toad tadpoles. Anim. Behav. 52.
    • (1996) Anim. Behav. , vol.52
    • Kiesecker, J.M.1    Chivers, D.P.2    Blaustein, A.R.3
  • 20
    • 0001290209 scopus 로고
    • The role of behavioral thermoregulation in the growth energetics of the toad Bufo boreas
    • LILLYWHITE, H. B., P. LICHT, and CHELGREN, P. 1973: The role of behavioral thermoregulation in the growth energetics of the toad Bufo boreas. Ecology 54, 374-383.
    • (1973) Ecology , vol.54 , pp. 374-383
    • Lillywhite, H.B.1    Licht, P.2    Chelgren, P.3
  • 21
    • 2442750283 scopus 로고
    • Comments on a postmetamorphic aggregate of Bufo boreas
    • _ & WASSERSUG, R. J. 1974: Comments on a postmetamorphic aggregate of Bufo boreas. Copeia 1974, 984-986.
    • (1974) Copeia , vol.1974 , pp. 984-986
    • Wassersug, R.J.1
  • 22
    • 0025252617 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation: A review and prospectus
    • LIMA, S. L. & DILL, L. M. 1990: Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation: a review and prospectus. Can. J. Zool. 68, 619-640.
    • (1990) Can. J. Zool. , vol.68 , pp. 619-640
    • Lima, S.L.1    Dill, L.M.2
  • 23
    • 0000033345 scopus 로고
    • The periodical cicada problem
    • LLOYD, M. & DYBAS, H. S. 1966: The periodical cicada problem. Evolution 20, 133-144.
    • (1966) Evolution , vol.20 , pp. 133-144
    • Lloyd, M.1    Dybas, H.S.2
  • 24
    • 0029769358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costs and benefits of a predator-induced polyphenism in the gray treefrog Hyla chrysocelis
    • MCCOLLUM, S. A. & VAN BUSKIRK, J. 1996: Costs and benefits of a predator-induced polyphenism in the gray treefrog Hyla chrysocelis. Evolution 50, 583-593.
    • (1996) Evolution , vol.50 , pp. 583-593
    • Mccollum, S.A.1    Van Buskirk, J.2
  • 25
    • 0024259023 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive plasticity in development of Scaphiopus couchii tadpoles in desert ponds
    • NEWMAN, R. A. 1988: Adaptive plasticity in development of Scaphiopus couchii tadpoles in desert ponds. Evolution 42, 774-783.
    • (1988) Evolution , vol.42 , pp. 774-783
    • Newman, R.A.1
  • 26
    • 0002785632 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive plasticity in amphibians
    • _ 1992: Adaptive plasticity in amphibians. BioScience 42, 671-678.
    • (1992) BioScience , vol.42 , pp. 671-678
  • 27
    • 0002496485 scopus 로고
    • Kin preference behavior in Bufo boreas tadpoles
    • O'HARA, R. K. & BLAUSTEIN, A. R. 1982: Kin preference behavior in Bufo boreas tadpoles. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 11, 43-49.
    • (1982) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.11 , pp. 43-49
    • O'Hara, R.K.1    Blaustein, A.R.2
  • 28
    • 0001518598 scopus 로고
    • Predation on breeding western toads (Bufo boreas)
    • OLSON, D. H. 1989: Predation on breeding western toads (Bufo boreas). Copeia 1989, 391-397.
    • (1989) Copeia , vol.1989 , pp. 391-397
    • Olson, D.H.1
  • 30
    • 0016966179 scopus 로고
    • Lunar and tidal periodicity of molting and reproduction in stomatopod crustacea: A selfish herd hypothesis
    • REAKA, M. L. 1976: Lunar and tidal periodicity of molting and reproduction in stomatopod crustacea: a selfish herd hypothesis. Biol. Bull. 150, 468-490.
    • (1976) Biol. Bull. , vol.150 , pp. 468-490
    • Reaka, M.L.1
  • 31
    • 0026055615 scopus 로고
    • Variation in size and timing of metamorphosis in complex life histories
    • ROWE, L. & LUDWIG, D. 1991: Variation in size and timing of metamorphosis in complex life histories. Ecology 72, 413-427.
    • (1991) Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 413-427
    • Rowe, L.1    Ludwig, D.2
  • 32
    • 0003055863 scopus 로고
    • Predators and prey lifestyles: An evolutionary and ecological overview
    • KERFOOT, W. C. & SIH, A., eds. Univ. Press of New England, Hanover, NH
    • SIH, A. 1987: Predators and prey lifestyles: an evolutionary and ecological overview. In: Predation: Direct and Indirect Impacts on Aquatic Communities (KERFOOT, W. C. & SIH, A., eds). Univ. Press of New England, Hanover, NH. pp. 203-224.
    • (1987) Predation: Direct and Indirect Impacts on Aquatic Communities , pp. 203-224
    • Sih, A.1
  • 33
    • 0027331847 scopus 로고
    • Delayed hatching of salamander eggs in response to enhanced larval predation risk
    • _ & MOORE, R. D. 1993: Delayed hatching of salamander eggs in response to enhanced larval predation risk. Am. Nat. 142, 947-960.
    • (1993) Am. Nat. , vol.142 , pp. 947-960
    • Moore, R.D.1
  • 34
    • 0025662774 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral and life-historical responses of larval American toads to an odonate predator
    • SKELLY, D. K. & WERNER, E. E. 1990: Behavioral and life-historical responses of larval American toads to an odonate predator. Ecology 7, 2313-2322.
    • (1990) Ecology , vol.7 , pp. 2313-2322
    • Skelly, D.K.1    Werner, E.E.2
  • 36
    • 0000297845 scopus 로고
    • The origin of the larva and metamorphosis in Amphibia
    • SZARSKI, H. 1957: The origin of the larva and metamorphosis in Amphibia. Am. Nat. 91, 283-301.
    • (1957) Am. Nat. , vol.91 , pp. 283-301
    • Szarski, H.1
  • 38
    • 0028917987 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive plasticity in hatching age: A response to predation risk trade-offs
    • WARKENTIN, K. M. 1995: Adaptive plasticity in hatching age: A response to predation risk trade-offs. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 92, 3507-3510.
    • (1995) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. , vol.92 , pp. 3507-3510
    • Warkentin, K.M.1
  • 39
    • 0000485169 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of locomotion to differential predation on Pseudacris triseriata (Anura: Hylidae)
    • WASSERSUG, R. J. & SPERRY, D. G. 1977: The relationship of locomotion to differential predation on Pseudacris triseriata (Anura: Hylidae). Ecology 58, 830-839.
    • (1977) Ecology , vol.58 , pp. 830-839
    • Wassersug, R.J.1    Sperry, D.G.2
  • 40
    • 0001375233 scopus 로고
    • Amphibian metamorphosis: Growth rate, predation risk, and the optimal size at transformation
    • WERNER, E. E. 1986: Amphibian metamorphosis: growth rate, predation risk, and the optimal size at transformation. Am. Nat. 128, 319-341.
    • (1986) Am. Nat. , vol.128 , pp. 319-341
    • Werner, E.E.1
  • 41
    • 0021567480 scopus 로고
    • The ontogenetic niche and species interactions in size structured populations
    • _ & GILLIAM, J. F. 1984: The ontogenetic niche and species interactions in size structured populations. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 15, 393-425.
    • (1984) Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.15 , pp. 393-425
    • Gilliam, J.F.1
  • 42
    • 0242449336 scopus 로고
    • Ecological aspects of amphibian metamorphosis
    • WILBUR, H. M. & COLLINS, J. P. 1973: Ecological aspects of amphibian metamorphosis. Science 182, 1305-1314.
    • (1973) Science , vol.182 , pp. 1305-1314
    • Wilbur, H.M.1    Collins, J.P.2
  • 43
    • 0025247392 scopus 로고
    • Experimental aquatic food webs: Interactions between two predators and two prey
    • _ & FAUTH, J. E. 1990: Experimental aquatic food webs: interactions between two predators and two prey. Am. Nat. 135, 176-204.
    • (1990) Am. Nat. , vol.135 , pp. 176-204
    • Fauth, J.E.1
  • 44
    • 0004252445 scopus 로고
    • Prentice Hall, Englewood, New Jersey
    • ZAR, J. H. 1984: Biostatistical Analysis. Prentice Hall, Englewood, New Jersey.
    • (1984) Biostatistical Analysis
    • Zar, J.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.