Determination and analysis of antigenic epitopes of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) using synthetic peptides and computer modeling

Protein Science

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 259-269

  Piironen, Timo ^a   Villoutreix, Bruno O ^b   Becker, Charlotte ^b   Hollingsworth, Kelly ^a   Vihinen, Mauno ^a   Bridon, Dominique ^c   Qiu, Xiaoxing ^c   Rapp, John ^c   Dowell, Barry ^c   Lövgren, Timo ^a   Pettersson, Kim ^a   Lilja, Hans ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURKU   (Finland)

^b LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^c ABBOTT LABORATORIES   (United States)

Author keywords

Alpha 1 antichymotrypsin; Computer aided molecular modeling; Human glandular kallikrein; Monoclonal antibodies; Peptide mapping; Prostate cancer; Prostate specific antigen; Serine protease; Serpin

Indexed keywords

EPITOPE; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; TISSUE KALLIKREIN; TISSUE KALLIKREIN 2; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANTIGEN BINDING; ARTICLE; COMPUTER MODEL; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; MOLECULAR INTERACTION; PEPTIDE ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE CANCER; PROTEIN DETERMINATION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS;

EID: 0031913879     PISSN: 09618368     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/pro.5560070205     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Bélanger A, van-Halbeek H, Graves HC, Grandbois K, Stamey TA, Huang L, Poppe I, Labrie F. 1995. Molecular mass and carbohydrate structure of prostate specific antigen: Studies for establishment of an international PSA standard. Prostate 27:187-197.
2. Björk T, Piironen T, Pettersson K, Lövgren T, Stenman UH, Oesterling JE, Abrahamsson PA, Lilja H. 1996. A comparison of the analysis of the different prostate-specific antigen forms in serum for the detection of clinically localized prostate cancer. Urology 48:882-888.
3. Bode W, Mayr I, Baumann U, Huber R, Stone SR, Hofsteenge J. 1989. The refined 1.9 Å crystal structure of human a-thrombin: Interactions with D-Phe-Pro-Arg chloromethylketone and significance of the Tyr-Pro-Pro-Trp insertion segment. EMBO J 5:3467-3475.
4. Bridon DP, Dowell BL. 1995. Structural comparison of prostate-specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein using molecular modeling. Urology 45:801-806.
5. Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, Dodds KM, Coplen DE, Yuan JJ, Petros JA, Andriole GL. 1991. Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 324:1156-1161.
6. Chapdelaine P, Paradis G, Tremblay RR, Dubé JY. 1988. High level of expression in the prostate of a human glandular kallikrein mRNA related to prostate-specific antigen. FEBS Lett 236:205-208.
7. Christensson A, Bjork T, Nilsson O, Dahlen U, Matikainen MT, Cockett AT, Abrahamsson PA, Lilja H. 1993. Serum prostate specific antigen complexed to alpha 1-antichymotrypsin as an indicator of prostate cancer. J Urol 150:100-105.
8. Christensson A, Laurell CB, Lilja H. 1990. Enzymatic activity of prostate-specific antigen and its reactions with extracellular serine proteinase inhibitors. Eur J Biochem 194:755-763.
9. Christensson A, Lilja H. 1994. Complex formation between protein C inhibitor and prostate-specific antigen in vitro and in human semen. Eur J Biochem 220:45-53.
10. Deperthes D, Chapdelaine P, Tremblay RR, Brunet C, Berton J, Hebert J, Lazure C, Dube JY. 1995. Isolation of prostatic kallikrein hK2, also known as hGK-1, in human seminal plasma. Biochim Biophys Acta 1245:311-316.
11. Eerola R, Piironen T, Pettersson K, Lövgren J, Vehniäinen M, Lilja H, Dowell B, Lövgren T, Karp M. 1997. Immunoreactivity of recombinant human glandular kallikrein using monoclonal antibodies raised against prostate specific antigen. Prostate 31:84-90.
12. Espana F, Gilabert J, Estelles A, Romcu A, Aznar J, Cabo A. 1991. Functionally active protein C inhihitor/plasminogen activator inhibitor-3 (PCI/PAI-3) is secreted in seminal vesicles occurs at high concentrations in human seminal plasma and complexes with prostate-specific antigen. Thromb Res 64:309-320.
13. Greer J. 1990. Comparative modeling methods: Application to the family of the mammalian serine proteases. Proteins Struct Funct Genet 7:317-334.
14. Henttu P, Lukkarinen O, Vihko P. 1990. Expression of the gene coding for human prostate-specific antigen and related hGK-1 in benign and malignant tumors of the human prostate. Int J Cancer 45:654-660.
15. Hudson MA, Bahnson RR, Catalona WJ. 1989. Clinical use of prostate specific antigen in patients with prostate cancer. J Urol 142:1011-1017.
16. Lawrence DA. 1997. The serpin-proteinase complex revealed. Nature Struct Biol 4:339-341.
17. Lilja H, Abrahamsson PA, Lundwall A. 1989. Semenogelin the predominant protein in human semen. Primary structure and identification of closely related proteins in the male accessory sex glands and on the spermatozoa. J Biol Chem 264:1894-1900.
18. Lilja H, Christensson A, Dahlen U, Matikainen MT, Nilsson O, Pettersson K, Lövgren T. 1991. Prostate-specific antigen in serum occurs predominantly in complex with alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. Clin Chem 37:1618-1625.
19. Lövgren J, Piironen T, Overmo C, Dowell B, Karp M, Pettersson K, Lilja H, Lundwall Å. 1995. Production of recombinant PSA and HK2 and analysis of their immunologic cross-reactivity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 213:888-895.
20. Lundwall Å, Lilja H. 1987. Molecular cloning of human prostate specific antigen cDNA. FEBS Lett 214:317-322.
21. Mitrunen K, Pettersson K, Piironen T, Bjork T, Lilja H, Lövgren T. 1995. Dual-label one-step immunoassay for simultaneous measurement of free and total prostate-specific antigen concentrations and ratios in serum. Clin Chem 41:1115-1120.
22. Nilsson O, Peter A, Andersson I, Nilsson K, Grundström B, Karlsson B. 1997. Antigenic determinants of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and development of assays specific for different forms of PSA. Br J Cancer 75:789-797.
23. Oesterling JE, Jacobsen SJ, Klee GG, Pettersson K, Piironen T, Abrahamsson PA, Stenman UH, Dowell B, Lövgren T, Lilja H. 1995. Free complexed and total serum prostate specific antigen: The establishment of appropriate reference ranges for their concentrations and ratios. J Urol 154:1090-1095.
24. Pettersson K, Piironen T, Seppala M, Liukkonen L, Chnstensson A, Matikainen MT, Suonpaa M, Lövgren T, Lilja H. 1995. Free and complexed prostate-specific antigen (PSA): In vitro stability epitope map and development of immunofluorometric assays for specific and sensitive detection of free PSA and PSA-alpha 1-antichymotrypsin complex. Clin Chem 41:1480-1488.
25. Piironen T, Lövgren J, Karp M, Eerola R, Lundwall Å, Dowell B, Lövgren T, Lilja H, Pettersson K. 1996. Immunofluorometric assay for sensitive and specific measurement of human prostatic glandular kallikrein (hK2) in serum. Clin Chem 42:1034-1041.
26. Rajakoski K, Piironen T, Pettersson K, Lövgren J, Karp M. 1997. Epitope mapping of human prostate specific antigen and glandular kallikrein expressed in insect cells. Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases 1:16-20.
27. Riegman PHJ, Vliestra RJ, Suurmeijer J, Cleutjens CBJM, Trapman J. 1992. Characterization of the human kallikrein locus. Genomics 14:6-11.
28. Schedlich LJ, Bennetts BH, Morris BJ. 1987. Primary structure of a human glandular kallikrein gene. DNA 6:429-437.
29. Stamey TA, Yang N, Hay AR, McNeal JE, Freiha FS, Redwine E. 1987. Prostate-specific antigen as a serum marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. N Engl J Med 317:909-916.
30. Stenman UH, Leinonen J, Alfthan H, Rannikko S, Tuhkanen K, Alfthan O. 1991. A complex between prostate-specific antigen and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin is the major form of prostate-specific antigen in serum of patients with prostatic cancer: Assay of the complex improves clinical sensitivity for cancer. Cancer Res 51:222-226.
31. Stratikos E, Gettins PGW. 1997. Major proteinase movement upon stable serpin-proteinase complex formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:453-458.
32. Vihinen M. 1994. Modeling of prostate specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein structures. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 204:1251-1256.
33. Villoutreix BO, Gelzoff ED, Griffin JH. 1994. A structural model for the prostate disease marker human prostate-specific antigen. Protein Sci 3:2033-2044.
34. Villoutreix BO, Lilja H, Pettersson K, Lövgren T, Teleman O. 1996. Structural investigation of the alpha-1-antichymotrypsin: Prostate-specific antigen complex by comparative model building. Protein Sci 5:836-851.
35. Wang MC, Valenzuela LA, Murphy GP, Chu TM. 1979. Purification of human prostate specific antigen. Invest Urol 17:159-163.
36. Wilczynska M, Fa M, Karolin J, Ohlsson PI, Johansson LBÅ, Ny T. 1997. Structural insights into serpin-protease complexes reveal the inhibitory mechanism of serpins. Nature Struct Biol 4:354-357.
37. Young CY, Andrews PE, Montgomery BT, Tindall DJ. 1992. Tissue-specific and hormonal regulation of human prostate-specific glandular kallikrein. Biochemistry 31:818-824.
38. Zhang WM, Leinonen J, Kalkkinen N, Stenman UH. 1997. Prostate specific antigen forms a complex with and cleaves alpha-1-protease inhibitor in vitro. Prostate 33:87-96.