Simulating large scale transport of suspended matter

Journal of Marine Systems

Volumn 14, Issue 1-2, 1998, Pages 81-97

  Segschneider, J ^a,b   Sundermann J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

^b EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Lagrangian tracer; Models; Suspended matter; Transport

Indexed keywords

PARTICULATE TRANSPORT; SUSPENDED MATTER; TRACER;

(EQUATORIAL EAST); PACIFIC;

EID: 0031913692     PISSN: 09247963     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0924-7963(97)00021-3     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Alldrege, A.L., Granata, T.C., Gotschalk, C.C., Dickey, T.D., 1990. The physical strength of marine snow and its implications for particle disaggregation in the ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr. 35 (7), 1415-1428.
2. Alldrege, A.L., Jackson, G.A., 1995. Topical studies in oceanography: aggregation in marine systems. Deep Sea Res. 42, 1-273.
3. Arrhenius, G., 1963. Pelagic sediments. In: Hill, M.N. (Ed.), The Sea, vol. 3. Interscience, New York, pp. 655-727.
4. Bacon, M.P., Anderson, R.F., 1982. Distribution of thorium isotopes between dissolved and particulate forms in the deep sea. J. Geophys. Res. 87, 2045-2056.
5. Bacon, M.P., Rutgers van der Loeff, M.M., 1988. Removal of thorium-234 by scavenging in the bottom nepheloid layer of the ocean. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 92, 157-164.
6. Broecker, W.S., Peng, T.H., 1982. Tracers in the Sea. Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Columbia University, New York, 690 pp.
7. Cummins, P.P., 1991. The deep water stratification of ocean general circulation models. Atmos. Ocean 29, 563-575.
8. Craig, H., Lupton, J.E., 1981. Helium-3 and mantle volatiles in the ocean and the oceanic crust. In: Emiliani, C. (Ed.), The Sea, vol. 7. The Oceanic Lithosphere. Wiley, New York, pp. 391-428.
9. Csanady, G.T., 1973. Turbulent Diffusion in the Environment. Reidel, Dordrecht, 248 pp.
10. Drijfhout, S.S., Maier-Reimer, E., Mikolajewicz, U., 1996. Tracing the conveyor belt in the Hamburg Large Scale Geostrophic Ocean General Circulation Model. J. Geophys. Res. 101(22): 563, 575.
11. Duce, R.A., Liss, P.S., Merrill, J.T., Atlas, E.L., Buat-Menard, P., Hicks, B.B., Miller, J.M., Prospero, J.M., Arimoto, R., Church, T.M., Ellis, W., Galloway, J.N., Hansen, L., Jickells, T.D., Knap, A.H., Reinhardt, K.H., Schneider, B., Soudine, A., Tokos, J.J., Tsunogai, S., Wollast, R., Zhou, M., 1991. The atmospheric input of trace species to the world ocean. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 5, 193-259.
12. Edmond, J.M., von Damm, K.L., McDuff, R.E., Measures, C.I., 1982. Chemistry of hot springs on the East Pacific Rise and their effluent dispersal. Nature 297, 187-191.
13. Edzwald, J.K., Upchurch, J.B., O'Melia, C.R., 1974. Coagulation in estuaries. Environ. Sci. Technol. 8, 58-63.
14. Einstein, A., 1905. Über die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der Wärme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Flüssigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen. Ann. Phys. IV, 549-560.
15. Gardner, W.D., Bishop, J.K.B., Biscaye, P.E., 1984. Nephelometer and current observations at the STIE site Panama Basin. J. Mar. Res. 42 (1), 207-219.
16. Gargett, A.E., 1984. Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior. J. Mar. Res. 42, 359-393.
17. Geyer, R.A. (Ed.), 1981. Marine Environmental Pollution, vol. 2. Dumping and Mining. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 574 pp.
18. Gerdes, R., Köberle, C., Willebrand, J., 1991. The influence of numerical advection schemes on the results of ocean general circulation models. Climatol. Dynam. 5, 211-226.
19. Hammersley, J.M., Handscomb, D.C., 1964. Monte Carlo Methods, Methuen's Statistical Monographs. Methuen, London, 178 pp.
20. Hasselmann, K., 1976. Stochastic climate models, part I. Theory. Tellus 28 (6), 473-485.
21. Honjo, S., Manganini, S.J., Cole, J.J., 1982. Sedimentation of biogenic matter in the deep ocean. Deep Sea Res. 29, 609-625.
22. Ichye, T., Carnes, M., 1981. Sediment dispersion and other environmental impacts of deep-ocean mining in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. In: Geyer, R.A. (Ed.), Marine Environmental Pollution, 2. Dumping and Mining. Elsevier Oceanography Series, 27b, pp. 475-517.
23. Jankowski, J.A., Malcherek, A., Zielke, W., 1996. Numerical modeling of suspended sediment due to deep-sea mining. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 3545-3560.
24. Klein, H., 1993. Near-bottom currents in the deep Peru Basin DISCOL Experimental Area. D. Hydrogr. Z. 45, 31-42.
25. Kupferman, S.L., Moore, D.E., 1983. Dispersion of dissolved tracers released at the seafloor. In: Park, P.K., Kester, D.R., Duedall, I.W., Ketchum, B.H. (Eds.), Wastes in the Ocean, 3. Radioactive Wastes in the Ocean. Wiley, New York, pp. 153-182.
26. Lavelle, B., Cowen, J.P., Massoth, G.J., 1992. A model for the deposition of hydrothermal manganese near ridge crests. J. Geophys. Res. 97 (C5), 7413-7424.
27. Lonsdale, P., 1976. Abyssal circulation of the southeastern Pacific and some geological implications. J. Geophys. Res. 81 (6), 1163-1176.
28. Lupton, J.E., Greene, R., Paradis, G., Urabe, T., 1994. The far-field hydrothermal plume from the southern East Pacific Rise and its relationship to sources on the ridge axis. EOS 75 (44), 320.
29. Maier-Reimer, E., 1973. Hydrodynamisch-numerische Untersuchungen zu horizontalen Ausbreitungs- und Transportvorgängen in der Nordsee. Mitteilungen des Instituts für Meereskunde der Universität Hamburg, 26, 56 pp.
30. Maier-Reimer, E., 1993. Geochemical cycles in an ocean general circulation model: preindustrial tracer distributions. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 7, 645-677.
31. Maier-Reimer, E., Sündermann, J., 1981. On tracer methods in computational hydrodynamics. In: Abott, M.B., Cunge, J.A. (Eds.), Engineering Application of Computational Hydraulics, 1. Pitman Advanced Publishing Program, pp. 198-217.
32. Maier-Reimer, E., Mikolajewicz, U., Hasselmann, K., 1993. Mean circulation of the Hamburg LSG OGCM and its sensitivity to the thermohaline surface forcing. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 23 (4), 731-757.
33. McCave, I.N., 1975. Vertical flux of particles in the ocean. Deep Sea Res. 22, 491-502.
34. McCave, I.N., 1984. Size spectra and aggregation of suspended particles in the deep ocean. Deep Sea Res. 31 (4), 329-352.
35. Okubo, A., 1971. Oceanic diffusion diagrams. Deep Sea Res. 18, 789-802.
36. Ozturgut, E., Lavelle, J.W., Burns, R.E., 1981. Impacts of manganese nodule mining on the environment: results from pilotscale mining tests in the north equatorial Pacific. In: Geyer, R.A. (Ed.), Marine Environmental Pollution, 2. Dumping and Mining. Elsevier Oceanography Series, 27b, pp. 437-474.
37. Pfannkuche, O., 1993. Benthic response to the sedimentation of paniculate organic matter at the BIOTRANS station, 47°N, 20°W. Deep Sea Res. 40, 135-149.
38. Rintoul, S.R., 1991. South Atlantic interbasin exchange. J. Geophys. Res. 96, 2675-2692.
39. Seibold, E., Berger, W.H., 1982. The Sea Floor. Springer, Berlin, 288 pp.
40. Sündermann, J., 1993. Suspended particulate matter in the North Sea: field observations and model simulations. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London A 343, 423-430.
41. Sündermann, J. (Ed.), 1994. Circulation and Contaminent Fluxes in the North Sea. Springer, 654 pp.
42. Taylor, G.I., 1921. Diffusion by continuous movements, Proc. London Mathematical Society, 2 (XX). In: The Scientific Papers of Sir Geofr. Ingman Taylor, Vol. II. Meteorology, Oceanography and Turbulent Flow, 1960. Cambridge, pp. 172-184.
43. Thiel, H., Foell, E., Schriever, G., 1991. Potential environmental effects of deep sea mining. Report Nr. 26, Zentrum für Meeres- und Klimaforschung der Universität Hamburg, 243 pp.
44. 3He relationships. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 37, 257-262.