The electrocardiogram and the secundum atrial septal defect: A reexamination in the era of echocardiography

Canadian Journal of Cardiology

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 227-232

  Zufelt, Kirk ^a   Rosenberg, Herschel C ^a,b   Li, Mok Dock ^a   Joubert, Gary I ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^b CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Atrial septal defect; Electrocardiogram; Right ventricular hypertrophy

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; FEMALE; HEART ATRIUM SEPTUM DEFECT; HEART MURMUR; HEART RIGHT VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHY; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEWBORN; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY;

CHILD, PRESCHOOL; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS, ATRIAL; HUMANS; MALE;

EID: 0031912019     PISSN: 0828282X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Ferencz C, Neill CA. Cardiovascular malformations: Prevalence at livebirth. In: Freedom RM, Benson LN, Smallhom JF, eds. Neonatal Heart Disease. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1992:19-29.
2. Samanek M, Slovik Z, Zborilova B, Hrobonova V, Voriskova M, Skovranek J. Prevalence, treatment and outcomes of heart disease in live-born children: a prospective analysis of 91,823 live-born children. Pediatr Cardiol 1989;10:205-11.
3. Nakamura FF, Hauck AJ, Nadas AS. Atrial septal defects in infants. Pediatrics 1964;34:101-6.
4. Feldt RH, Avasthey P, Yoshimasu F, Kurland LT, Titus JL. Incidence of congenital heart disease in children born to residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1950-1969. Mayo Clin Proc 1971;46:794-9.
5. Izukawa T, Lightfoot NE. Trends in neonatal congenital heart disease: the Toronto experience. In: Freedom RM, Benson LN, Smallhorn JF, eds. Neonatal Heart Disease. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1992:31-4.
6. Fyler DC. Atrial septal defect secundum. In: Fyler DC, ed. Nadas' Pediatric Cardiology. St Louis: Mosby-Year Book Inc, 1992:513-24.
7. Porter CJ, Feldt FR, Edwards WD, Seward JB, Schaff HV. Atrial septal defects. In: Emmanoulides OC, Allen HD, Riemenschneider TA, Gutgesell HP, eds. Heart Disease in Children and Adolescents: Including the Fetus and Young Adults. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1995:687-703.
8. Parisi LF, Nadas AS. Natural history of atrial septal defects. In: Kidd BS, Keith JD, eds. The Natural History and Progress in Treatment of Congenital Heart Defects. Springfield: Charles C Thomas, 1971:183-96.
9. Craig RJ, Selzer A. Natural history and prognosis of atrial septal defect. Circulation 1968;37:805-15.
10. Campbell M. Natural history of atrial septal defects. Br Heart J 1970;32:820-6.
11. Kirklin JW, Barratt-Boyes BC. Cardiac Surgery. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1993:609-44.
12. Castaneda AR, Jones RA, Mayer JE, Hanley FL. Cardiac surgery of the neonate and infant. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 1994:643-55.
13. Shah D, Azhar M, Oakley CM, Cleland JGF, Nihoyannopoulos A. Natural history of secundum atrial septal defects in adults after medical or surgical treatment: a historical prospective study. Br Heart J 1994;71:224-8.
14. Newburger JW. Innocent murmurs. In: Fyler DC, ed. Nadas' Pediatric Cardiology. St Louis: Mosby-Year Book Inc, 1992:281-4.
15. Fogel DH. The innocent systolic murmur in children: a clinical study of its incidence and characteristics. Am Heart J 1960;59:844-55.
16. Ferencz C, Craft J, Sultz H. Cardiac disease in children: an epidemiologic assessment of a specialty service as a basis for planning. Pediatrics 1973;52:395-401.
17. Radzik D, Davignon A, van Doesburg N, Foumier A, Marchand T, Ducharme G. Predictive factors for spontaneous closure of atrial septal defects diagnosed in the first three months of life. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993;22:851-3.
18. Barber JM, Magidson O, Wood P. Atrial septal defects with special reference to the electrocardiogram, the pulmonary artery pressure and the second heart sound. Br Heart J 1950;12.277-92.
19. Milnor WR, Bertrand CA. The electrocardiogram in atrial septal defects: a study of twenty-four cases, with observations on rsR'-V1 pattern. Am J Med 1957;22:223-33.
20. Burch GE, Depasquale N. The electrocardiogram and ventricular gradient in atrial septal defects. Am Heart J 1959;58:190-203.
21. Toscano Barboza E, Brandenburg RO, Swan HJC. Atrial septal defect: the electrocardiogram and its hemodynamic correlation in 100 proven cases. Am J Cardiol 1958;2:698-713.
22. Walker WJ, Mattingly TW, Pollock BE, Carmichael DB, Inmon TW, Forrester RH. Electrocardiographic and hemodynamic correlation in atrial septal defect. Am Heart J 1956;52:547-61.
23. Silverblatt ML, Rosenfeld I, Grishman A, Ephraim D. The vectorcardiogram and electrocardiogram in interatrial septal defects. Am Heart J 1957;53:380-91.
24. Martins de Oliveira J, Zimmereman HA. The electrocardiogram in interatrial sepral defects and its correlation with hemodynamics. Am Heart J 1958;55:369-82.
25. Garson A Jr, Gillette PC, McNamara DG, eds. A Guide to Cardiac Dysrhythmias in Children. New York: Grune and Stratton, 1980:545.
26. Burch GE, DePasquale DF, Stuckey JH. Electrocardiography in the Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease. Philadelphia: Lea-Febiger, 1967:30-105.
27. Boineau JP, Spach MS, Ayers CR. Genesis of the electrocardiogram in atrial septal defect. Am Heart J 1964;68:637-51.
28. Lansing AM. Evolution of clinical, radiographical and electrocardiographic changes following experimental atrial septal defect. Am Heart J 1968;75:349-57.
29. Sung RJ, Tamer DM, Agha AS, Castellanos, A, Myerberg RJ, Gelband H. Etiology of the electrocardiographic pattern of "incomplete right bundle branch" in atrial septal defect: an electrophysiologic study. J Pediatr 1975;87:1182-6.
30. Moore EN, Hoffman BF, Patterson DF, Stuckey JH. Electrocardiographic changes due to delayed activation of the wall of the right ventricle. Am Heart J 1964;68:347-61.
31. Zaver AG, Nadas AS Atrial septal defect - secundum type. Circulation 1965;32(6 Suppl):III24-32.