Resource patch density and larval aggregation in mushroom-breeding flies

Oikos

Volumn 81, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 187-195

  Heard, Stephen B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLY LARVA; LARVAL AGGREGATION; MUSHROOM FLY; PATCH DENSITY; RSOURCE UTILIZATION;

AGARICUS BISPORUS; DIPTERA; DROSOPHILA NEOTESTACEA; DROSOPHILA RECENS; DROSOPHILA SUBQUINARIA; DROSOPHILIDAE; MEGASELIA RUFIPES; PHORIDAE; SPELOBIA BUMANNA; SPHAEROCERIDAE;

EID: 0031911909     PISSN: 00301299     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3546480     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Adamson, M. and Ludwig, D. 1993. Oedipal mating as a factor in sex allocation in haplodiploids. - Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 341: 195-202.
2. Anderson, P. and Löfqvist, J. 1996. Asymmetric oviposition behaviour and the influence of larval competition in the two pyralid moths, Ephestia kuehniella and Plodia interpunctella. - Oikos 76: 47-56.
3. Atkinson, W. D. 1983. Gregarious oviposition in Drosophila melanogaster is explained by surface texture. - Aust. J. Zool. 31: 925-929.
4. _ and Shorrocks, B. 1981. Competition on a divided and ephemeral resource: a simulation study. - J. Anim. Ecol. 50: 461-471.
5. _ and Shorrocks, B. 1984. Aggregation of larval diptera over discrete and ephemeral breeding sites: the implications for coexistence. - Am. Nat. 124: 336-351.
6. Barclay, H. J. 1992. Modelling the effects of population aggregation on the efficiency of insect pest control. - Res. Popul. Ecol. 34: 131-141.
7. Benson, W. W., Brown. K. S., Jr. and Gilbert, L. E. 1975. Coevolution of plants and herbivores: passion flower butterflies. - Evolution 29: 659-680.
8. Charnov, E. E. and Skinner, S. W. 1985. Complementary approaches to the understanding of parasitoid oviposition decisions. - Environ. Entomol. 14: 383-391.
9. Courtney, S. P. 1986. The ecology of pierid butterflies: dynamics and interactions. - Adv. Ecol. Res. 15: 51-131.
10. _, Kibota, T. T. and Singleton, T. A. 1990. Ecology of mushroom-feeding Drosophilidae. - Adv. Ecol. Res. 20: 225-274.
11. Dunham, A. E. 1980. An experimental study of interspecific competition between the iguanid lizards Scelporus merriami and Urosaurus ornatus. - Ecol. Monogr. 50: 309-330.
12. Dytham, C. and Shorrocks, B. 1995. Aggregation and the maintenance of genetic diversity: an individual-based cellular model. - Evol. Ecol. 9: 508-519.
13. Feijen, H. R. and Schulten, G. G. M. 1981. Egg parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) of Diopsis macrophthalma (Diptera: Diopsidae) in Malawi. - Neth. J. Zool. 31: 381-417.
14. Fox, J. 1984. Linear statistical models and related methods with applications to social research. - Wiley, New York.
15. Godfrey, H. C. J. and Parker, G. A. 1992. Sibling competition, parent-offspring conflict and clutch size. - Anim. Behav. 43: 473-490.
16. Grant, P. R. 1986. Interspecific competition in fluctuating environments. - In: Diamond, J. and Case, T. J. (eds), Community ecology. Harper and Row, New York, pp. 173-191.
17. Green, R. F. 1986. Does aggregation prevent competitive exclusion? A response to Atkinson and Shorrocks. - Am. Nat. 128: 301-304.
18. _ 1988. Reply to Shorrocks and Rosewell. Am. Nat. 131: 772-773.
19. Grimaldi, D. and Jaenike, J. 1984. Competition in natural populations of mycophagous Drosophila. - Ecology 65: 1113-1120.
20. Hanski, I. 1987. Colonization of ephemeral habitats. - In: Gray, A. J., Crawley, M. J. and Edwards, P. J. (eds), Colonization, succession, and stability. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, pp. 155-185.
21. Heard, S. B. and Remer, L. C. 1997. Clutch size behavior and coexistence in ephemeral-patch competition models. - Am. Nat. 150 (in press).
22. Ives, A. R. 1988a. Aggregation and the coexistence of competitors. - Ann. Zool. Fenn. 25: 75-88.
23. _ 1988b. Covariance, coexistence, and the population dynamics of two competitors using a patchy resource. - J. Theor. Biol. 133: 345-361.
24. _ 1989. The optimal clutch size of insects when many females oviposit per patch. - Am. Nat. 133: 671-687.
25. _ 1991. Aggregation and coexistence in a carrion fly community. - Ecol. Monogr. 61: 75-94.
26. _ 1992. Density-dependent and density-independent parasitoid aggregation in model host-parasitoid systems. - Am. Nat. 140: 912-937.
27. Iwasa, Y., Suzuki, Y. and Matsuda, H. 1984. Theory of oviposition strategy of parasitoids. I. Effect of mortality and limited egg number. - Theor. Popul. Biol. 26: 205-227.
28. Jackson, D. J. 1966. Observations on the biology of Caraphractus cinctus Walker (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), a parasitoid of the eggs of Dytiscidae (Coleoptera). - Trans. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 118: 23-49.
29. Jaenike, J. 1996. Population-level consequences of parasite aggregation. - Oikos 76: 155-160.
30. _ and James, A. C. 1991. Aggregation and the coexistence of mycophagous Drosophila. - J. Anim. Ecol. 60: 913-928.
31. Kato, M. 1994. Structure, organization, and response of a species-rich parasitoid community to host leafminer population dynamics. - Oecologia 97: 17-25.
32. Kouki, J. and Hanski, I. 1995. Population aggregation facilitates coexistence of many competing carrion fly species. -Oikos 72: 223-227.
33. Mangel, M. 1987. Oviposition site selection and clutch size in insects. - J. Math. Biol. 25: 1-22.
34. McCauley, D. E. 1994. Intrademic group selection imposed by a parasitoid-host interaction. - Am. Nat. 144: 1-13.
35. Messina, F. J. 1991. Life-history variation in a seed beetle: adult egg-laying vs. larval competitive ability. - Oecologia 85: 447-455.
36. _, Kemp, J. L. and Dickinson, J. A. 1992. Plasticity in the egg-spacing behavior of a seed beetle: effects of host deprivation and seed patchiness (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). - J. Insect Behav. 5: 609-621.
37. Montague, J. R. 1985. Body size, reproductive biology, and dispersal behavior among artificial baits in D. falleni. -Drosophila Information Service 61: 123-126.
38. Morris, W. F., Wiser, S, D. and Klepetka, B. 1992. Causes and consequences of spatial aggregation in the phytophagous beetle Altrica tomhacina. - J. Anim. Ecol. 61: 49-58.
39. Nagelkerke, C. J. 1994. Simultaneous optimization of egg distribution and sex allocation in a patch-structured population. - Am. Nat. 144: 262-284.
40. Pak, G. A. and Oatman, E. R. 1982. Biology of Trichogramma breviapillum. - Entomol. Exp, Appl. 32: 61-67.
41. Parker, G. A. and Courtney, S. P. 1984. Models of clutch size in insect oviposition. - Theor. Popul. Biol. 26: 27-48.
42. Podoler, H., Rosen, D. and Sharoni, M. 1978. Ovipositional responses to host density in Aphytis holoxanthus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), an efficient gregarious parasite. - Ecol. Entomol. 3: 305-311.
43. Rosewell, J., Shorrocks, B. and Edwards, K. 1990. Competition on a divided and ephemeral resource: testing the assumptions. I. Aggregation. - J. Anim. Ecol. 59: 977-1001.
44. Ross, D. W. and Daterman, G. E. 1994. Reduction of Douglas-fir beetle infestation of high-risk stands by antiaggregation and aggregation pheromones. - Can. J. For. Res. 24: 2184-2190.
45. SAS Institute Inc. 1988. SAS STAT User's Guide. Release 6.03 Ed. - SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
46. Sevenster, J. G. and van Alphen, J. J. M. 1996. Aggregation and coexistence. 2. A Neotropical Drosophila community. - J. Anim. Ecol. 65: 308-324.
47. Shorrocks, B. and Rosewell, J. 1988. Aggregation does prevent competitive exclusion: a response to Green. - Am. Nat. 131: 765-771.
48. Skinner, S. W. 1985. Clutch size as an optimal foraging problem for insects. - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 17: 231-238.
49. Smith, R. H. and Lessells, C. M. 1985. Oviposition, ovicide, and larval competition in granivorous insects. - In: Sibly, R. M. and Smith, R. H. (eds), Behavioural ecology: ecological consequences of adaptive behaviour. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, pp. 423-448.
50. Stähls, G., Ribeiro, E. and Hanski, I. 1989. Fungivorous Pegomya flies: spatial and temporal variation in a guild of competitors. - Ann. Zool. Fenn. 26: 103-112.
51. Taylor, L. R., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 1978. The density-dependence of spatial behaviour and the rarity of randomness. - J. Anim. Ecol. 47: 383-406.
52. _, Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 1979. The negative binomial as a dynamic ecological model for aggregation, and the density dependence of k. - J. Anim. Ecol. 48: 289-304.
53. Waage, J. K. and Ng, S. M. 1984. The reproductive strategy of a parasitic wasp. I. Optimal progeny and sex allocation in Trichogramma ecanescens. - J. Anim. Ecol. 53: 401-415.
54. Weis, A. E., Price, P. W. and Lynch, M. 1983. Selective pressures on clutch size in the gall maker Asteromyia carbonifera. - Ecology 64: 688-695.
55. Wiens, J. A. 1977. On competition and variable environments. - Am. Sci. 65: 590-597.
56. Worthen, W. B. 1988. Slugs (Arion spp.) facilitate mycophagous drosophilids in laboratory and field experiments. - Oikos 53: 161-166.
57. _ 1989. Effects of resource density on mycophagous fly dispersal and community structure. - Oikos 54: 145-153.
58. _ 1993. Effects of am predation and larval density on mycophagous fly communities. - Oikos 66: 526-532.
59. Schaner, A. M., Graham, K. J. and Jackson, L. L. 1989. Aggregation pheromone characterization and comparison in Drosophila ananussae and Drosophila bipectinata. - J. Chem. Ecol. 15: 1045-1055.