Aquifer denitrification as interpreted from in situ microcosm experiments

Journal of Environmental Quality

Volumn 27, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 174-182

  Bates, H K ^a   Spalding, R F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AQUIFERS; CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS; DENITRIFICATION; ETHANOL; ISOTOPES; NITRATES; OXYGEN;

ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; MICROCOSMS; NITRITES;

GROUNDWATER POLLUTION;

NITRATE; NITROGEN; OXYGEN;

AQUIFER; ARTICLE; DENITRIFICATION; MICROORGANISM; SEDIMENT; SOIL POLLUTION; WATER CONTAMINATION; WATER QUALITY;

EID: 0031911091     PISSN: 00472425     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2134/jeq1998.00472425002700010025x     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. American Public Health Association. 1992. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 18th ed. Am. Public Health Assoc., Washington, DC.
2. 15N gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55:2861-2870.
3. Böhlke, J.K., and T.B. Coplen. 1995. Interlaboratory comparison of reference materials for nitrogen-isotope-ratio measurements. p. 51-66. In Proc. of Consultants Meeting, Vienna. 1-3 Dec. 1993. IAEA-TECDOC-825.
4. Bourquin, A.W., R.L. Garnas, P.H. Pritchard, F.G. Wilkes, C.R. Cripe, and N.I. Rubinstein. 1979. Interdependent microcosms for the assessment of pollutants in the marine environment. Int. J. Environ. Stud. 13:31-140.
5. Boussaid, F., G. Martin, J. Morvan, J.J. Collin, A. Landreau, and H. Talbo. 1988. Denitrification in-situ of groundwaters with solid carbon matter. Environ. Tech. Lett. 9:803-816.
6. Bowman, J.R., and D.D. Focht. 1974. The influence of glucose and nitrate concentrations upon denitrification rates in sandy soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 6:297-301.
7. Braester, C., and R. Martinell. 1988. The vyredox and nitredox methods of in situ treatment of groundwater. Water Sci. Technol. 20(3): 149-163.
8. Bremner, J.M., and A.P. Edwards. 1965. Determination and isotoperatio analysis of different forms of nitrogen in soils: I. Apparatus and procedure for distillation and determination of ammonium. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 29:504-507.
9. Bremner, J.M., and D.R Keeney. 1965. Steam distillation method for determination of ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite. Anal. Chim. Acta. 32:485-495.
10. Chalamet, A. 1985. Effects of environmental factors on denitrification. p. 7-29. In H.L. Golterman (ed.) Denitrification in the nitrogen cycle. Vol. 9. Plenum Press, New York.
11. Chien, S.H., G. Shearer, and D.H. Kohl. 1977. The nitrogen isotope effect associated with nitrate and nitrite loss from waterlogged soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 4:63-69.
12. Cline, J.D. 1973. Denitrification and isotopic fractionation in two contrasting marine environments: The eastern tropical North Pacific Ocean and the Cariaco trench. Ph.D. diss. Univ. of California, Los Angeles.
13. Exner, M., and R.F. Spalding. 1994. N-15 identification of nonpoint sources of nitrate contamination beneath cropland in the Nebraska Panhandle: Two case studies. Appl. Geochem. 9:73-81.
14. Ferens, M.C., and R.J. Beyers. 1972. Studies of a simple laboratory microecosystem: Effects of stress. Ecology 53:709-713.
15. Flipse, W.J., B.F. Katz, J.B.Lindner, and R. Markel. 1984. Sources of nitrate in ground water in a sewered housing development, central Long Island, New York. Ground Water 22:418-426.
16. Gillham, R.W. 1991. Nitrate contamination of groundwater in Southern Ontario and the evidence for denitrification. p. 181-198. In I. Bogardi and R.D. Kuzelka (ed.) Nitrate contamination: Exposure, consequence, and control. NATO ASI Ser., Ser. G. Ecol. Sci. 30.
17. Gillham, R.W., R.C. Starr, and D.J. Miller. 1990. A device for in situ determination of geochemical transport parameters 2. Biochemical reaction. Ground Water 28:858-862.
18. Gorden, R.W., R.J. Beyers, E.P. Odum, and R.G. Eagon. 1969. Studies of a simple laboratory microecosystem: Bacterial activities in a heterotrophic succession. Ecology 50:86-100.
19. Gormly, J.R., and R.F. Spalding. 1979. Sources and concentrations of nitrate-nitrogen in ground water of the Central Platte Region, Nebraska. Ground Water 17:291-301.
20. Hamon, M., and E. Fustec. 1991. Laboratory and field study of an in situ groundwater denitrification reactor. Res. J. WCPF 63(7): 942-949.
21. Hendry, M.J., R.W. Gillham, and J.A. Cherry. 1983. An integrated approach to hydrogeologic investigations - A case history. J. Hydrol. 63:211-232.
22. Hiscock, K.M., J.W. Lloyd, and D.N. Lerner. 1991. Review of natural and artificial denitrification of groundwater. Water Res. 25: 1099-1111.
23. Janda, V., J. Rudovsky, J. Wanner, and K. Marha. 1988. In Situ denitrification of drinking water. Water Sci. Technol. 20:215-219.
24. Knowles, R. 1982. Denitrification. Microbiol. Rev. 46:43-70.
25. Komor, S.C., and H.W. Anderson, Jr. 1993. Nitrogen isotopes as indicators of nitrate sources in Minnesota sand-plain aquifers. Ground Water 31(2):260-270.
26. Kreitler, C.W. 1975. Determining the source of nitrate in ground water by nitrogen isotope studies. Univ. of Texas, Austin. Bur. Econ. Geol., Rep. Invest. 83.
27. Kruithof, J., J.A.M. van Paassen, W.A.M. Hijnen, H.A.L. Dierx, and C.A. van Bennekom. 1985. Experiences with nitrate removal in the Eastern Netherlands. Proc., Nitrates in Water Congress, SITE 85, Paris.
28. Lee, P.Y. 1991. Laboratory evaluation of In-Situ bio-denitrification for nitrate reduction in groundwater. Master thesis. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln.
29. Mariotti, A., J.C. Germon, P. Hubert, P. Kaiser, R. Letolle, A. Tardieux, and P. Tardieux. 1981. Experimental determination of nitrogen kinetic isotope fractionation: Some principles; illustration for the denitrification and nitrification processes. Plant Soil 62:413-430.
30. 15N isotope biogeochemistry and natural denitrification process in groundwater: Application to the chalk aquifer of northern France. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 52:1869-1878.
31. McCarty, P.L., L. Beck, and P. St. Amant. 1969. Biological denitrification of wastewaters by addition of organic materials. p. 1271-1286. In Proc. 24th Industrial Waste Conf., Lafayette, IN. 6-8 May 1969. Purdue Univ., Lafayette.
32. Mercado, A., M. Libhaber, and M.I.M. Soares. 1988. In Situ biological groundwater denitrification: Concepts and preliminary field tests. Water Sci. Technol. 20:197-229.
33. 14N in marine environments. Rec. Oceanogr. Works Japan. 9:37-53.
34. Obenhuber, D.C., and R. Lowrance. 1991. Reduction of nitrat in aquifer microcosms by carbon additions. J. Environ. Qual. 20: 255-258.
35. Oulman, C.S., and E.R. Baumann. 1956. A colorimetric method for determining dissolved oxygen. Sewage Ind. Wastes 28:1461.
36. Papiernik, S.K., and R.F. Spalding. 1998. Atrazine, deethylatrazine, and deisopropylatrazine persistence measured in situ under denitrifying conditions. Chemosphere (In press.)
37. Pollock, R.S., I. Knapton, and M. Petersen. 1981. Soil survey of Merrick County, Nebraska, USDA, Soil Conservation Service, and Univ. of Nebraska, Conservation and Survey Division.
38. Postma, D., C. Boesen, H. Kristiansen, and F. Larsen. 1991. Nitrate reduction in an unconfined sandy aquifer: water chemistry, reduction processes, and geochemical modeling. Water Resour. Res. 27:2027-2045.
39. Richard, Y., A. Leprince, G. Martin, and C. Leblanc. 1980. Denitrification of water for human consumption. Prog. Water Technol. 12: 173-191.
40. Smith, R.L., and J.H. Duff. 1988. Denitrification in a sand and gravel aquifer. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54:1071-1078.
41. Smith, R.L., B.L. Howes, and J.H. Duff. 1991. Denitrification in nitrate-contaminated groundwater: Occurrence in steep vertical geochemical gradients. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 55:1815-1825.
42. Scares, M.I.M., S. Belkin, and A. Abeliovich. 1988. Biological groundwater denitrification: Laboratory studies. Water Sci. Technol. 20: 189-195.
43. Spalding, R.F., J.R. Gormly, B.H. Curtiss, and M.E. Exner. 1978. Nonpoint nitrate contamination of ground water in Merrick County, Nebraska. Ground Water 16:86-95.
44. Spalding, R.F., and M.E. Exner. 1980. Areal, vertical, and temporal differences in ground water chemistry: I. Inorganic constituents. J. Environ. Qual. 9(3):466-479.
45. Spalding, R.F., M.E. Exner, C.W. Lindau, and D.W. Eaton. 1982. Investigation of sources of groundwater nitrate contamination in the Burbank-Wallula area of Washington, U.S.A. J. Hydrol. 58: 307-324.
46. Spalding, R.F., M.E. Exner, G.E. Martin, and D.D. Snow. 1993. Effects of sludge disposal on ground water nitrate concentrations. J. Hydrol. 142:213-226.
47. Spalding, R.F., and J.D. Parrott. 1994. Shallow groundwater denitrification. Sci. Total Environ. 141:17-25.
48. Stolp, H. 1988. Microbial ecology: Organisms, habitats, activities. Cambridge University Press, New York.
49. Trudell, M.R., R.W. Gilfham, and J.A. Cherry. 1986. An in situ study of the occurrence and rate of denitrification in a shallow unconfined sand aquifer. J. Hydrol. 83:251-268.
50. Vogel, J.C., A.A. Talma, and T.H.E. Heaton. 1981. Gaseous nitrogen as evidence for denitrification in groundwater. J. Hydrol. 50: 191-200.
51. Vowinkel, E.F., and Z. Szabo. 1996. Relation between land use and distributions of dissolved nitrogen species in shallow water in two New Jersey Coastal Plain aquifer systems. p. 14. In L.J. Puckett and F.W. Triska (ed.) U.S.G.S. Nitrogen-cycling workshop, U.S.G.S. Open-File Report 96-477.
52. Walton-Day, K., D.L. Macalady, M.H. Brooks, and V.T. Tate. 1990. Field methods for measurement of ground water redox chemical parameters. Ground Water Monitor. Remed. 10(4):81-89.
53. Ward, T. 1985. Characterizing the aerobic and anaerobic microbial activities in surface and subsurface soils. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 4:727-737.
54. Weier, K.L., J.W. Doran, A.R. Mosier, J.F. Power, and T.A. Petersen. 1994. Potential for bioremediation of high nitrate irrigation water via denitrification. J. Environ. Qual. 23:105-110.
55. Yoshinari, T., and R. Knowles. 1976. Acetylene inhibition of nitrous oxide reduction by denitrifiying bacteria. Biochem. Bioph. Res. Commun. 69:705-710.