Cytochrome P450: New nomenclature and clinical implications

American Family Physician

Volumn 57, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 107-116

  Cupp, Melanie Johns ^a   Tract, Timothy S ^a  

^a WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMITRIPTYLINE; AMITRIPTYLINE PLUS PERPHENAZINE; CIMETIDINE; CLOMIPRAMINE; CODEINE; CYTOCHROME P450; DESIPRAMINE; DOXEPIN; FLUOXETINE; FLUVOXAMINE MALEATE; HALOPERIDOL; IMIPRAMINE; METOPROLOL; METOPROLOL TARTRATE; NEFAZODONE; NORSERTRALINE; NORTRIPTYLINE; PAROXETINE; PENBUTOLOL; PERPHENAZINE; PROPRANOLOL; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT; RISPERIDONE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; SERTRALINE; THEOPHYLLINE DERIVATIVE; THIORIDAZINE; TIMOLOL; TIMOLOL MALEATE; TRAMADOL; UNINDEXED DRUG; VENLAFAXINE;

DRUG INHIBITION; DRUG INTERACTION; DRUG METABOLISM; ENZYME INDUCTION; HEART VENTRICLE ARRHYTHMIA; HIGH RISK PATIENT; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT;

AGED; CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM; DRUG INTERACTIONS; ENZYME INDUCTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; ISOENZYMES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; TERMINOLOGY;

EID: 0031907041     PISSN: 0002838X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. Slaughter RL, Edwards DJ. Recent advances: the cytochrome P450 enzymes. Ann Pharmacother 1995;29:619-24.
2. Gram TE. Metabolism of drugs. In: Craig CR, Stitzel RE, eds. Modern pharmacology. 4th ed. Boston: Little, Brown, 1994:33-46.
3. Guengerich FP. Catalytic selectivity of human cytochrome P450 enzymes: relevance to drug metabolism and toxicity. Toxicol Lett 1994;70:133-8.
4. Kolars JC, Lown KS, Schmiedlin-Ren P, Ghosh M, Fang C, Wrighton SA, et al. CYP3A gene expression in human gut epithelium. Pharmacogenetics 1994;4:247-59.
5. Wheeler CW, Guenthner TM. Spectroscopic quantitation of cytochrome P-450 in human lung microsomes. J Biochem Toxicol 1990;5:269-72.
6. Philpot RM. Characterization of cytochrome P450 in extrahepatic tissues. Meth Enzymology 1991;206:623-31.
7. Nelson DR, Kamataki T, Waxman DJ, Guengerich FP, Estabrook RW, Feyereisen R, et al. The P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, accession numbers, early trivial names of enzymes, and nomenclature. DMA Cell Biol 1993;12:1-51.
8. Murray M, Reidy GF. Selectivity in the inhibition of mammalian cytochromes P-450 by chemical agents. Pharmacol Rev 1990;42:85-101.
9. Dossing M, Pilsgaard H, Rasmussen B, Poulsen HE. Time course of phenobarbital and cimetidine mediated changes in hepatic drug metabolism. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1983;25:215-22.
10. Steiner E, Bertilsson L, Sawe J, Bertling I, Sjoqvist F. Polymorphic debrisoquin hydroxylation in 757 Swedish subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1988; 44:431-5.
11. Relling MV, Cherrie J, Schell MJ, Petros WP, Meyer WH, Evans WE. Lower prevalence of the debriso-quin oxidative poor metabolizer phenotype in American black versus white subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1991;50:308-13.
12. Bertilsson L, Lou YQ, Du YL, Liu Y, Kuang TY, Liao XM, et al. Pronounced differences between native Chinese and Swedish populations in the polymorphic hydroxylations of debrisoquin and S-mephenytoin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1992;51:388-97 [Published erratum appears in Clin Pharmacol Ther 1994;55:648].
13. Spina E, Ancione M, Di Rosa AE, Meduri M, Caputi AP. Polymorphic debnsoquine oxidation and acute neuroleptic-induced adverse effects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1992;42:347-8.
14. Cholerton S, Daly AK, Idle JR. The role of individual human cytochromes P450 in drug metabolism and clinical response. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1992;13: 434-9.
15. Pollock BG, Mulsant BH, Sweet RA, Rosen J, Altieri LP, Perel JM. Prospective cytochrome P450 phenotyping for neuroleptic treatment in dementia. Psychopharmacol Bull 1995;31:327-31.
16. Yue QY, Svensson JO, Alm C, Sjoqvist F, Sawe J. Codeine O-demethylation co-segregates with polymorphic debrisoquine hydroxylation. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1989;28:639-45.
17. Knodell RG, Browne DG, Gwozdz GP, Brian WR, Guengerich FP. Differential inhibition of individual human liver cytochromes P-450 by cimetidine. Gastroenterology 1991;101:1680-91.
18. Philip PA, James CA, Rogers HJ. The influence of cimetidine on debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation in extensive metabolizers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1989;36:319-21.
19. Crewe HK, Lennard MS, Tucker GT, Woods FR, Haddock RE. The effect of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors on cytochrome P4502D6 (CYP2D6) activity in human liver microsomes. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1992;34:262-5.
20. Tollefson GD. Adverse drug reactions/interactions in maintenance therapy. J Clin Psych 1993;54 (Suppl):48-60.
21. Shimada T, Yamazaki H, Mimura M, Inui Y, Guengerich FP. Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs, carcinogens and toxic chemicals: studies with liver microsomes of 30 Japanese and 30 Caucasians. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1994;270:414-23.
22. Honig PK, Wortham DC, Zamani K, Conner DP, Mullin JC, Cantilena LR. Terfenadine-ketoconazole interaction. Pharmacokinetic and electrocardiographic consequences. JAMA 1993;269:1513-8 [Published erratum appears in JAMA 1993;269:2088].
23. Garteiz DA, Hook RH, Walker BJ, Okerholm RA. Pharmacokinetics and biotransformation studies of terfenadine in man. Arzneimittel-Forschung 1982; 32:1185-90.
24. Honig PK, Woosley RL, Zamani K, Conner DP, Cantilena LR Jr. Changes in the pharmacokinetics and electrocardiographic pharmacodynamics of terfenadine with concomitant administration of erythromycin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1992;52:231-8.
25. Haria M, Fitton A, Peters DH. Loratadine. A reappraisal of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in allergic disorders. Drugs 1994;48:617-37.
26. von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Schmider J, Duan SX, Wright CE, Harmatz JS, et al. Midazolam hydroxylation by human liver microsomes in vitro: inhibition by fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, and by azole antifungal agents. J Clin Pharmacol 1996;36:783-91.
27. Honig PK, Wortham DC, Hull R, Zamani K, Smith JE, Cantilena LR. Itraconazole affects single-dose terfenadine pharmacokinetics and cardiac repolarization pharmacodynamics. J Clin Pharmacol 1993; 33:1201-6.
28. Honig PK, Wortham DC, Zamani K, Mullin JC, Conner DP, Cantilena LR. The effect of fluconazole on the steady-state pharmacokinetics and electrocardiographic pharmacodynamics of terfenadine in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1993;53:630-6.
29. Honig PK, Wortham DC, Zamani K, Cantilena LR. Comparison of the effect of the macrolide antibiotics erythromycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin on terfenadine steady-state pharmacokinetics and electrocardiographic parameters. Drug Invest 1994;7:148-56.
30. Solvay's Luvox contraindication against co-administration with J&J's Hismanal, MMD's Seldane prompts PDA review of other SSRI labeling. FDC Reports: the Pink Sheet 1995:26-9.
31. Ketter TA, Flockhart DA, Post RM, Denicoff K, Pazzaglia PJ, Marangell LB, et al. The emerging role of cytochrome P450 3A in psychopharmacology. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1995;15:387-98.
32. Marchiando RJ, Cook MD, Jue SG. Probable terfenadine-fluoxetine-associated cardiac toxicity [Letter]. Ann Pharmacother 1995;29:937-8.
33. Swims MP. Potential terfenadine-fluoxetine interaction [Letter]. Ann Pharmacother 1993;27:1404-5.
34. Pfizer, Inc. Package insert. Zoloft (sertraline). New York: 1996.
35. von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Court MH, Duan SX, Harmatz JS, Shader RI. Inhibition of alprazolam and desipramine hydroxylation in vitro by paroxetine and fluvoxamine: comparison with other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1995;15:125-31.
36. von Moltke LL, Duan SX, Greenblatt DJ, Fogelman SM, Schmider J, Harmatz JS, et al. Venlafaxine and metabolites are very weak inhibitors of human cytochrome P450-3A isoforms. Biol Psychiatry 1997;41:377-80.
37. Wysowski DK, Bacsanyi J. Cisapride and fatal arrhythmia [Letter]. N Engl J Med 1996;335:290-1.
38. Caley C. Cisapride interaction with antidepressants [Letter]. Ann Pharmacother 1996;30:684.
39. Cummins LH, Kozak PP Jr, Giilman SA. Erythromycin's effect on theophylline blood level. Pediatrics 1977;59:144.
40. Ruff F, Chu SY, Sonders RC, Senello LT. Effect of multiple doses of clarithromycin on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline [Abstract]. Thirtieth Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology, 1990:761.
41. Hopkins S. Clinical toleration and safety of azithromycin. Am J Med 1991,91:40S-5S.
42. Bolt HM, Kappus H, Remmer H. Studies on the metabolism of ethynylestradiol in vitro and in vivo: the significance of 2-hydroxylation and the formation of polar products. Xenobiotica 1973; 3:773-85.
43. Schuetz EG, Wrighton SA, Barwick JL, Guzelian PS. Induction of cytochrome P-450 by glucocorticoids in rat liver. I. Evidence that glucocorticoids and pregnenolone 16 alpha-carbonitrile regulate de novo synthesis of a common form of cytochrome P-450 in cultures of adult rat hepatocytes and in the liver in vivo. J Biol Chem 1984;259:1999-2006.
44. Pelkonen O, Pasanen M, Kuha H, Gachalyi B, Kairaluoma M, Sotaniemi EA, et al. The effect of cigarette smoking on 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and other monooxygenase activities in human liver: analyses with monoclonal antibodies. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1986;22:125-34.
45. Sarkar MA, Jackson BJ. Theophylline N-dernethylations as probes for P4501A1 and P4501A2. Drug Metab Dispos 1994;22:827-34.
46. Radandt JM, Marchbanks CR, Dudley MN. Interactions of fluoroquinolones with other drugs: mechanisms, variability, clinical significance, and management. Clin Infect Dis 1992;14:272-84.
47. Wijnands WJ, Vree TB, van Herwaarden CL. The influence of quinolone derivatives on theophylline clearance. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1986;22:677-83.
48. Sarkar M, Polk RE, Guzelian PS, Hunt C, Karnes HT. In vitro effect of fluoroquinolones on theophylline metabolism in human liver microsomes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990;34:594-9.
49. Parent M, LeBel M. Meta-analysis of quinolone-theophylline interactions. Ann Pharmacother 1991; 25:191-4.
50. Raucy JL, Lasker JM, Lieber CS, Black M. Acetaminophen activation by human liver cytochromes P450IIE1 and P450IA2. Arch Biochem Biophys 1989;271:270-83.
51. Mitchell JR, Jollow DJ, Potter WZ, Gillette JR, Brodie BB. Acetaminophen-induced hepatic necrosis. IV. Protective role of glutathione. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1973;187:211-7.
52. Loguercio C, Piscopo P, Guerriero C, De Girolamo V, Disalvo D, Del Vecchio Blanco C. Effect of alcohol abuse and glutathione administration on the circulating levels of glutathione and on antipyrine metabolism in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1996;56:441-7.
53. O'Reilly RA. Studies on the optical enantiomorphs of warfarin in man. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1974; 16:348-54.
54. Rettie AE, Korzekwa KR, Kunze KL, Lawrence RF, Eddy AC, Aoyama T, et al. Hydroxylation of warfarin by human cDNA-expressed cytochrome P-450: a role for P-4502C9 in the etiology of (S)-warfarin-drug interactions. Chem Res Toxicol 1992; 5:54-9.
55. Black DJ, Kunze KL, Wienkers LC, Gidal BE, Seaton TL, McDonnell ND, et al. Warfarin-fluconazole. II. A metabolically based drug interaction: in vivo studies. Drug Metab Dispos 1996;24:422-8.
56. O'Reilly RA. The stereoselective interaction of warfarin and metronidazole in man. N Engl J Med 1976;295:354-7.
57. O'Reilly RA, Goulart DA, Kunze KL, Neal J, Gibaldi M, Eddy AC, et al. Mechanisms of the stereoselective interaction between miconazole and racemic warfarin in human subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1992;51:656-67.
58. Heimark LD, Wienkers L, Kunze K, Gibaldi M, Eddy AC, Trager WF, et al. The mechanism of the interaction between amiodarone and warfarin in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1992;51398-407.
59. Niopas I, Toon S, Rowland M. Further insight into the stereoselective interaction between warfarin and cimetidine in man. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1991;32:508-11.
60. Veronese ME, Mackenzie PI, Doecke CJ, McManus ME, Miners JO, Birkett DJ. Tolbutamide and phenytoin hydroxylations by cDNA-expressed human liver cytochrome P4502C9. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1991;175:1112-8 [Published erratum appears in Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1991;180:1527].
61. Levy RH. Cytochrome P450 isozymes and antiepileptic drug interactions. Epilepsia 1995;36 (Suppl 5):S8-13.
62. Bartle WR, Walker SE, Shapero T. Dose-dependent effect of cimetidine on phenytoin kinetics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1983;33:649-55.
63. Wedlund PJ, Aslanian WS, McAllister CB, Wilkinson GR, Branch RA. Mephenytotn hydroxylation deficiency in Caucasians: frequency of a new oxidative drug metabolism polymorphism. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1984;36:773-80.
64. Nakamura K, Goto F, Ray WA, McAllister CB, Jacqz E, Wilkinson GR, et al. Interethnic differences in genetic polymorphism of debrisoquin and mephenytoin hydroxylation between Japanese and Caucasian populations. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1985; 38:402-8.
65. Andersson T, Miners JO, Veronese ME, Tassaneeyakul W, Meyer UA, Birkett DJ. Identification of human liver cytochrome P450 isoforms mediating omeprazole metabolism. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1993;36:521-30.
66. Pearce RE, Rodrigues AD, Goldstein JA, Parkinson A. Identification of the human P450 enzymes involved in lansoprazole metabolism. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996;277:805-16.
67. Jung F, Richardson TH, Raucy JL, Johnson EF. Diazepam metabolism by cDNA-expressed human 2C P450s: identification of P4502C18 and P4502C19 as low K(M) diazepam N-demethylases. Drug Metab Dispos 1997;25:133-9.
68. Deeks SG, Smith M, Holodniy M, Kahn JO. HIV-1 protease inhibitors. A review for clinicians. JAMA 1997;277:145-53.