The ammonium hypothesis: Arginine content and the 'red' decline or 'top dying' of Norway spruce

Ambio

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 158-159

  Engvild, Kjeld C ^a  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031898552     PISSN: 00447447     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Short Survey

References (20)

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2. Saxe, H. 1993. Triggering and predisposing factors in the "Red" decline syndrome of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Trees 8, 39-48.
3. Yde-Andersen, N.A. 1991. Røde rødgraner. Skoven 23, 26-28. (In Danish).
4. Diamandis, S. 1979. "Top-dying" of Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst, with special reference to Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubak. VI. Evidence related to the primary cause of "top-dying". Eur. J. Forest Path. 9, 183-191.
5. Phillips, D.H. and Burdekin, D.A. 1982. Diseases of Forest and Ornamental Trees. MacMillan, London, pp. 134-136.
6. Andersen, H.V. and Hovmand, M.F. 1995. Ammonia and nitric acid dry deposition and throughfall. Water Air Soil Pollut. 85, 2211-2216.
7. Asman, W.A.H. 1990. A detailed ammonia emission inventory for Denmark. - DMU LUFT-A133. National Environmental Research Institute, 4000 Roskilde. Denmark.
8. Van Dijk, H.F.G. and Roelofs, J.G.M. 1988. Effects of excessive ammonium deposition on the nutritional status and condition of pine needles. Physiol. Plant. 73, 494-501.
9. Aronsson, A. 1985. Indikationer på stress vid obalans i trädens växtnäringsinnehåll. K. Skogs.-Lantbr. Akad. Tidskr. Suppl. 17, 40-51. (In Swedish).
10. Edfast, A.-B., Näsholm, T. and Ericsson, A. 1990. Free amino acid concentrations in needles of Norway spruce and Scots pine trees on different sites in areas with two levels of nitrogen deposition. Can. J. Forest Res. 20, 1132-1136.
11. Saxe, H. and Larsen, J.B. 1992. "Røde rødgraner" -økofysiologiske aspekter. Dansk Skovbrugs Tidssk. 71, 187-205. (In Danish).
12. Durzan, D.J. and Steward, F.C. 1967. The nitrogen, metabolism of Picea glauca (Moench) Voss and Pinus banksiana Lamb, as influenced by mineral nutrition. Can. J. Bot. 45, 695-710.
13. Ingestad, T. 1979. Mineral nutrient requirements of Pinus silvestris and Picea abies seedlings. Physiol. Plant. 45, 373-380.
14. Barklund, P. 1983. Die-back in mature and young Norway spruce, plausible causes: Drought, frost, acid precipitation, fungi. Sveriges Skogsv. Tidskr. 81, 29-40.
15. Diamandis, S. 1978. "Top-dying" of Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst, with special reference to Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubak. I. Development of foliar symptoms. Eur. J. Forest Path. 8, 337-345.
16. Diamandis, S. 1978. "Top-dying" of Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst, with special reference to Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubak. II. Status of R. kalkhoffii in "top-dying" of Norway spruce. Eur. J. Forest Path. 8, 345-356.
17. Diamandis, S. 1989. "Top-dying" of Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst, with special reference to Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubak. III. Moisture content of current and second year needles of Norway spruce. Eur. J. Forest Path. 8, 357-361.
18. Diamandis, S. 1979. "Top-dying" of Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst, with special reference to Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubak. IV. "Top-dying" of Norway spruce and climate. Eur. J. Forest Path. 9, 78-88.
19. Skelly, J.M. and Innes, J.L. 1995. Waldsterben in the forests of central Europe and Eastern North America: Fantasy or reality? Plant Disease 78, 1021-1032.
20. This work has been supported by the EU DG VI grant 93.60DK0050 to the National Forest and Nature Agency, Denmark. The author is grateful to J.C. Briand Petersen and S. Fjederholt of Feldborg Skovdistrikt for valuable help in sampling the diseased trees.