Influence of race and dietary salt on the antihypertensive efficacy of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or a calcium channel antagonist in salt-sensitive hypertensives

Hypertension

Volumn 31, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 1088-1096

  Weir, Matthew R ^a,i   Chrysant, Steven G ^b   McCarron, David A ^c   Canossa Terris, Maria ^j   Cohen, Jerome D ^j   Gunter, Patricia A ^d   Lewin, Andrew J ^e   Mennella, Robert F ^d   Kirkegaard, Lance W ^f   Hamilton, Jennifer H ^j   Weinberger, Myron H ^g   Weder, Alan B ^h  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b Oklahoma Cardiovascular and Hypertension Center   (United States)

^c OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d Sandoz Pharma Ltd   (Switzerland)

^e NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^f Hill Top Research   (United States)

^g INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^j NONE

more..

Author keywords

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; Calcium channels; Race; Sodium, dietary

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ENALAPRIL MALEATE; ISRADIPINE; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

ADULT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; ARTICLE; CAUCASIAN; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSE RESPONSE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; ETHNIC GROUP; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; NEGRO; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACE DIFFERENCE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SALT INTAKE; SODIUM RESTRICTION;

EID: 0031896734     PISSN: 0194911X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.HYP.31.5.1088     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Gillum RF. Pathophysiology of hypertension in blacks and whites. Hypertension. 1979;1:468-475.
2. Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Racial differences in response to low-dose captopril are abolished by the addition of hydrochlorothiazide. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;14: 97S-101S.
3. Seedat YK. Trial of atenolol and chlorthalidone for hypertension in black South Africans. BMJ. 1980;281:1241-1243.
4. Cubeddu LX, Aranda J, Singh B, Klein M, Brachfeld J, Freis E, Roman J, Eades T. A comparison of verapamil and propranolol for the initial treatment of hypertension: racial differences in response. JAMA. 1986; 256:2514-2521.
5. Buhler FR, Hulthen L, Kiowski W, Bolli P. Greater antihypertensive efficacy of the calcium channel inhibitor verapamil in older and low renin patients. Clin Sci. 1982;63:439s-442s.
6. Saunders E, Weir MR, Kong BW, Hollifield J, Gray J, Vertes V, Sowers JR, Zemel MB, Curry C, Schoenberger J, Wright JT, Kirkendall W, Conradi EC, Jenkins P, McLean B, Massie B, Berenson G, Flamenbaum W. A comparison of the efficacy and safety of a beta-blocker, a calcium channel blocker, and a converting enzyme inhibitor in hypertensive blacks. Arch Intern Med. 1990;150:1707-1713.
7. Materson BJ, Reda DJ, Cushman WC, Massie BM, Freis ED, Kochar MS, Hamburger RJ, Fye C, Lakshman R, Gottdiener J, Ramirez EA, Henderson WG, for the Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Single-drug therapy for hypertension in men. N Engl J Med. 1993;328:914-921.
8. Luft FC, Grim CE, Fineberg NS, Weinberger MC. Effects of volume expansion and contraction in normotensive whites, blacks, and subjects of different ages. Circulation. 1979;59:643-650.
9. Luft FC, Rankin LI, Bloch R, Weyman AE, Willis LR, Murray RH, Grim CE, Weinberger MH. Cardiovascular and humoral responses to extremes of sodium intake in normal black and white men. Circulation. 1979;60: 697-706.
10. Weinberger MH, Miller JZ, Luft FC, Grim CE, Fineberg NS. Definitions and characteristics of sodium sensitivity and blood pressure resistance. Hypertension. 1986;8:127-134.
11. Weir MR. Salt intake and hypertensive renal injury in African-Americans: a therapeutic perspective. Am J Hypertens. 1995;8: 635-644.
12. Weir MR, Saunders E. Pharmacologic management of systemic hypertension in blacks. Am J Cardiol. 1988;61:46H-52H.
13. Madhavan S, Alderman MH. Ethnicity and the relationship of sodium intake to blood pressure. J Hypertens. 1994;12:97-103.
14. Resnick LM, Gupta RK, DiFabio B, Barbagallo M, Mann S, Marion R, Laragh JH. Intracellular ionic consequences of dietary salt loading in essential hypertension. J Clin Invest. 1994;94:1269-1276.
15. Weder AB, Weinberger MH, McCarron DA. Salt-sensitivity of blood pressure and the antihypertensive response of isradipine and enalapril. Am J Hypertens. 1996;9:178A. Abstract.
16. Walker WG, Whelton PK, Saito H, Russell RP, Hermann J. Relation between blood pressure and renin, renin substrate, angiotensin II, aldosterone, and urinary sodium and potassium in 574 ambulatory subjects. Hypertension. 1979;1:287-291.
17. Watson RL, Langford HG, Abernethy J, Barnes TY, Watson MJ. Urinary electrolytes, body weight, and blood pressure: pooled cross-sectional results among four groups of adolescent females. Hypertension. 1980;2: 93-98.
18. Warren SF, O'Connor DJ. Does a renal vasodilator system mediate racial differences in essential hypertension? Am J Med. 1980;69: 425-429.
19. Canessa M, Adragna N, Solomon HS, Connolly TM, Tosteson DC. Increased sodium-lithium countertransport in red cells of patients with essential hypertension. N Engl J Med. 1980;302:772-776.
20. Garay RP, Elghozi JL, Dagher G, Meyer P. Laboratory distinction between essential and secondary hypertension by measurement of erythrocyte cation fluxes. N Engl J Med. 1980;302:769-771.
21. Voors AW, Berenson GS, Dalferes ER, Webber LS, Shuler SE. Racial differences in blood pressure control. Science. 1979;204:1091-1094.
22. Lilley JJ, Hsu L, Stone RA. Racial disparity of plasma volume in hypertensive man. Ann Intern Med. 1976;84:707-708.
23. Messerli FH, DeCarvalho JG, Christie B, Frohlich ED. Essential hypertension in black and white subjects: hemodynamic findings and fluid volume state. Am J Med. 1979;67:27-31.
24. Frohlich ED, Messerli FH, Dunn FG, Oigman W, Ventura HO, Sundgaard-Riise K. Greater renal vascular involvement in the black patient with essential hypertension: a comparison of systemic and renal hemodynamics in black and white patients. Mineral Electrolyte Metab. 1984;10:173-177.
25. Sowers JR, Zemel MB, Zemel P, Beck FW, Walsh MF, Zawada ET. Salt sensitivity in blacks: salt intake and natriuretic substances. Hypertension. 1988;12:485-490.
26. Chrysant SG, Danisa K, Kem DC, Dillard BL, Smith WJ, Frohlich ED. Racial differences in pressure, volume and renin interrelationships in essential hypertension. Hypertension. 1979;1:136-141.
27. Romero JC, Raij L, Granger JP, Ruilope LM, Rodicio JL. Multiple effects of calcium entry blockers on renal function in hypertension. Hypertension. 1987;10:140-151.
28. Weir MR, Gray JM, Paster R, Saunders E, for the Trandolapril Multicenter Study Group. Differing mechanisms of action of angiotensin-converting inhibition in black and white hypertensive patients. Hypertension. 1995;25:124-130.
29. Moore TJ, Rich G, McKnight JA, McCullough M, Hollenberg NK. Salt sensitivity of hypertension and responses to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition with benazepril. Am J Hypertens. 1996;9: 54-60.
30. Redgrave J, Rabinowe S, Hollenberg NK, Williams GH. Correction of abnormal renal blood flow response to angiotensin II by converting enzyme inhibition in essential hypertensives. J Clin Invest. 1985;75: 1285-1290.
31. Weir MR, Saunders E. Racial similarity in response to the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor trandolapril. Am J Hypertens. 1996;9:174A. Abstract.