Anterior pituitary cell population control: Basal cell turnover and the effects of adrenalectomy and dexamethasone treatment

Journal of Neuroendocrinology

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 207-215

  Nolan, Lesley A ^a   Kavanagh, Emma ^a   Lightman, Stafford L ^a   Levy, Andrew ^a  

^a BRISTOL ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Corticotroph; Mitosis; Pituitary; Turnover rate

Indexed keywords

COLCHICINE; DEXAMETHASONE; EOSIN; HEMATOXYLIN;

ADENOHYPOPHYSIS; ADRENALECTOMY; ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CELL COUNT; CELL DEATH; CELL DIVISION; CONTROLLED STUDY; HYPOPHYSIS CELL; IMAGE ANALYSIS; MALE; MITOSIS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT;

ADRENALECTOMY; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE; ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; COMPUTER SYSTEMS; DEXAMETHASONE; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; MALE; MITOSIS; PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR; RATS; RATS, WISTAR;

EID: 0031887241     PISSN: 09538194     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2826.1998.00191.x     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Sakuma S, Shirasawa N, Yoshimura F. A histometrical study of immunohistochemically identified mitotic adenohypophysial cells in immature and mature castrated rats. J Endocrinol 1984; 100: 323-328.
2. Pomerat GR. Mitotic activity in the pituitary of the white rat following castration. Am J Anat 1941; 69: 89-121.
3. Hunt TE. Mitotic activity in the anterior hypophysis of female rats of different age groups and at different periods of the day. Endocrinology 1943; 32: 334-339.
4. Nouet J, Kujas M. Variations of mitotic activity in the adenohypophysis of male rats during a 24-hour cycle. Cell Tissue Res 1975; 164; 193-200.
5. Childs GV. Cytochemical studies of the regulation of ACTH secretion. Ann NY Acad Sci 1987; 512: 248-274.
6. Gertz BJ, Contreras LN, McComb DJ, Kovacs K, Tyrrell JB, Dallman MF. Chronic administration of corticotropin-releasing factor increases pituitary corticotroph number. Endocrinology 1987; 120: 381-388.
7. Miskowiak B, Stachosiak A, Zabel M, Malendowicz LK. Studies on hypothalamopituitary corticoliberin system. IV. Quantitative changes in ACTH-immunoreactive anterior pituitary cells evoked by long-term intraventricular CRF administration and adrenalectomy. Exp Clin Endocrinol 1987; 90: 178-184.
8. McNicol AM, Kubba MAG, McTeague E. The mitogenic effects of corticotrophin-releasing factor on the anterior pituitary gland of the rat. J Endocrinol 1988; 118: 237-241.
9. Gulyas M, Pusztai L, Rappay G, Makura GB. Pituitary corticotrophs proliferate temporarily after adrenalectomy. Histochemistry 1991; 96: 185-189.
10. Asa SL, Kovacs K, Hammer GD, Liu B, Roos BA, Low MJ. Pituitary corticotroph hyperplasia in rats implanted with a medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line transfected with a corticotropin-releasing hormone complementary deoxyribonucleic acid expression vector. Endocrinology 1992; 131: 715-720.
11. Oishi Y, Okuda M, Takahashi H, Fujii T, Morii S. Cellular proliferation in the anterior pituitary gland of normal adult rats: influences of sex, estrous cycle, and circadian change. Anat Rec 1993; 235: 111-120.
12. Taniguchi Y, Tamatani R, Yasutaka S, Kawarai Y. Proliferation of pituitary corticotrophs following adrenalectomy as revealed by immunocytochemistry combined with bromodeoxyuridine-labeling. Histochemistry 1995; 103: 127-130.
13. Childs GV, Rougeau D, Unabia G. Corticotropin-releasing hormone and epidermal growth factor: Mitogens for anterior pituitary corticotropes. Endocrinology 1995; 136: 1595-1602.
14. Fremeau RT, Lundblad JR, Pritchett DB, Wilcox JN, Roberts JL. Regulation of pro-opiomelanocortin gene transcription in individual cell nuclei. Science 1986; 234: 1265-1269.
15. Roberts JL, Lundblad JR, Eberwine JH, Fremeau RT, Salton SRJ, Blum M. Hormonal regulation of POMC gene expression in pituitary. Ann NY Acad Sci 1987; 512: 275-285.
16. Auteliano DJ, Blum M, Roberts JL. Changes in rat pituitary nuclear and cytoplasmic pro-opiomelanocortin RNAs associated with adrenalectomy and glucocorticoid replacement. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1989; 66: 171-180.
17. Drewett N, Jacobi JM, Lloyd HM. Apoptosis in the anterior pituitary gland of the rat: studies with estrogen and bromocriptine. Neuroendocrinology 1993; 57: 89-95.
18. Costello RT. Subclinical adenoma of the pituitary gland. Am J Pathol 1936; 12: 205-216.
19. Molitch ME, Russell EJ. The pituitary 'incidentaloma'. Ann Intern Med 1990; 112: 925-931.
20. Kontogeorgos G, Kovacs K, Horvath E, Scheithauer BW. Multiple adenomas of the human pituitary. A retrospective autopsy study with clinical implications. J Neurosurg 1991; 74: 243-247.
21. Popovic V, Micic D, Nesovic M, Hewlett T, Doniach I, Kendereski A, Djordjevic P, Manojlovic D, Micic H, Besser M. Cushing's disease cycling over ten years. Exp Clin Endocrinol 1990; 92: 143-148.
22. Jeffcoate WJ, Pound N, Sturrock NDC, Lambourne J. Long-term follow-up of patients with hyperprolactinaemia. Clin Endocrinol 1996; 45: 299-303.
23. Floderus S. Untersuchungen über den Bau der menschlichen Hypophyse mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der quantitativen mikromorphologischen Verhältnisser. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand Suppl 1944; 53: 276.
24. Mori H, Christensen AK. Morphometric analysis of leydig cells in the normal rat testis. J Cell Biol 1980; 84: 340-354.
25. Surks MI, DeFesi CR. Determination of cell number of each cell type in the anterior pituitary of euthyroid and hypothyroid rats. Endocrinology 1977; 101: 946-958.
26. Wehrenberg WB, Janowski BA, Piering AW, Culler F. Jones KL. Glucocorticoids: potent inhibitors and stimulators of growth hormone secretion. Endocrinology 1990; 126: 3200 3203.
27. Taylor DA, Cowell A-M, Flower RJ, Buckingham JC. Dexamethasone suppresses the release of prolactin from the rat anterior pituitary gland by lipocortin 1 dependent and independent mechanisms. Neuroendocrinology 1995; 62: 530-542.
28. Taylor AD, Flower RJ, Buckingham JC. Dexamethasone inhibits the release of TSH from the rat anterior pituitary gland in vitro by mechanisms dependent on de novo protein synthesis and lipocortin I. J Endocrinol 1995; 147: 533-544.
29. Miller TL, Mayo KE. Glucocorticoids regulate pituitary growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid expression. Endocrinology 1997: 138: 2458-2465.
30. Bradbury MJ, Akana SF, Dallman MF. Roles of type I and II corticosteroid receptors in regulation of basal activity in the hypothalamopituitary-adrenal axis during the diurnal trough and the peak: evidence of a nonadditive effect of combined receptor occupation. Endocrinology 1994; 134: 1286-1296.
31. Bradbury MJ, Akana SF, Cascio CS, Levin N, Jacobson L, Dallman MF. Regulation of basal ACTH secretion by corticosterone is mediated by both type I (MR) and type II (GR) receptors in rat brain. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1991; 40: 133-142.
32. Lim-Tio SS, Keightley M-C, Fuller PJ. Determinants of specificity of transactivation by mineralocorticoid or glucocorticoid receptor. Endocrinology 1997; 138: 2537 2543.
33. Collins JA, Schandl CA, Young KK, Vesely J, Willingham MC. Major DNA fragmentation is a late event in apoptosis. J Histo Cyto 1997; 45: 923-934.
34. Westlund KN, Aguilera G, Childs GV. Quantification of morphological changes in pituitary corticotropes produced by in vivo corticotropin-releasing factor stimulation and adrenalectomy. Endocrinology 1985; 116: 439-445.
35. Castro M, Figueiredo F, Moreira AC. Time-course of hypothalamic CRH and pituitary ACTH contents, and pituitary responsiveness to CRH stimulation after bilateral adrenalectomy. Horm Metab Res 1995; 27: 10-15.
36. Kineman RD, Faught WJ, Frawley LS. Steroids can modulate trans-differentiation of prolactin and growth hormone cells in bovine pituitary cultures. Endocrinology 1992; 130: 3289-3294.
37. Horvath E, Lloyd RV, Kovacs K. Propylthiouracyl-induced hypothyroidism results in reversible transdifferentiation of somatotrophs into thyroidectomy cells. A morphological study of the rat pituitary including immunoelectron microscopy. Lab Invest 1990; 63: 511-520.
38. Rappay G, Makara GB. A quantitative approach to trace the corticotrophs in culture after adrenalectomy. Histochemistry 1981; 73: 131-136.
39. Howie SEM, Sommerfield AJ, Gray E, Harrison DJ. Peripheral T lymphocyte depletion by apoptosis after CD4 ligation in vivo: Selective loss of CD44- and 'activating' memory T cells. Clin Exp Immunol 1994; 95: 195-200.
40. Bursch W, Paffe S, Putz B, Barthel G, Schulte-Hermann R. Determination of the length of the histological stages of apoptosis in normal live and in altered hepatic foci of rats. Carcinogenesis 1990; 11: 847-853.
41. Mendelsohn FAO, Coyd CJ, Kachel C, Funder JW. Glucocorticoid induction of angiotensin converting enzyme production from bovine endothelial cells in culture and rat lung in vivo. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol (Suppl) 1982; 7: 57.
42. Shu S, Ju G, Fan L. The glucose oxidase-DAB-nickel method in peroxidase histochemistry of the nervous system. Neurosci Leu 1988; 85: 169-171.
43. Brugal G, Cye R, Krief B, Chassery J-M, Tanke H, Tucker JH. HOME: highly optimized microscope environment. Cytometry 1992; 13: 109-116.