Phylogenetic analysis of the Carmichaelia complex, Clianthus, and Swainsona (Fabaceae), from Australia and New Zealand

New Zealand Journal of Botany

Volumn 36, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 21-40

  Heenan, P B ^a  

^a LANDCARE RESEARCH   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Australian flora; Biogeography; C orallospartium; Carmichaelia; Carmichaelieae; Chordospartium; Clianthus; Evolut ion; Fabaceae; Galegeae; New Zealand flora; Notospartium; Phylogeny; Swainsona

Indexed keywords

PHYLOGENY; PLANT GENETICS; POPULATION GENETICS; TAXONOMY;

CARMICHAELIA; CHORDOSPARTIUM; CLIANTHUS; CORALLOSPARTIUM; NOTOSPARTIUM; SWAINSONA; SWAINSONA NOVAE-ZELANDIAE;

EID: 0031880438     PISSN: 0028825X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Andrews, E. C. 1914: The development and distribution of the natural order Leguminosae. Journal and proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 48: 333-407.
2. Barneby, R. 1964: Atlas of North American Astragalus. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 13: 1-1188.
3. Bentham, G.; Hooker, J. D. 1865: Genera plantarum. Vol. I. London, Reeve.
4. Bentham, G.; Mueller, F. 1864: Flora Australiensis 2. Leguminosae to Combretaceae. London, Lovell Reeve & Co.
5. Chappill, J. A. 1989: Quantitative characters in phylogenetic analysis. Cladistics 5: 217-234.
6. Cheeseman, T. F. 1906: Manual of the New Zealand flora. Wellington, Government Printer.
7. Cheeseman, T. F. 1911: New species of plants. Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 43: 175-178.
8. Cooper, D. C. 1936: Chromosome numbers in the Leguminosae. American journal of botany 23: 231-233.
9. Dawson, M. I. 1989: Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora 30. Miscellaneous species. New Zealand journal of botany 27: 163-165.
10. Dawson, M. I. 1995: Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora 33. Miscellaneous species. New Zealand journal of botany 33: 477-487.
11. Farris, J. S. 1969: A successive approximations approach to character weighting. Systematic zoology 18: 374-385.
12. Farris, J. S. 1989: The retention index and the rescaled consistency index. Cladistics 5: 417-419.
13. Farris, J. S. 1990: Phenetics in camouflage. Cladistics 6: 91-100.
14. Felsenstein, J. 1985: Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39: 783-791.
15. Felsenstein, J. 1988: Phylogenies from molecular sequences: inference and reliability. Annual review of genetics 22: 521-565.
16. Godley, E. J. 1979: Legume and follicle. New Zealand gardener, Feb.: 11, 22.
17. Godley, E. J. 1980: Unilocular anthers in the Carmichaelieae (Papilionaceae). New Zealand journal of botany 18: 449-450.
18. Goloboff, P. A. 1993: Estimating character weights during tree search. Cladistics 9: 83-91.
19. Hair, J. B. 1963: Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora - 6. New Zealand journal of botany 1: 243-257.
20. Hair, J. B.; Beuzenberg, E. J. 1959: Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora. 2. Miscellaneous Families. New Zealand journal of science 2: 148-156.
21. Heenan, P. B. 1995: A taxonomic revision of Carmichaelia (Fabaceae - Galegeae) in New Zealand (part I). New Zealand journal of botany 33: 455-475.
22. Heenan, P. B. 1996a: A taxonomic revision of Carmichaelia (Fabaceae - Galegeae) in New Zealand (part II). New Zealand journal of botany 34: 157-177.
23. Heenan, P. B. 1996b: Identification and distribution of the Marlborough pink brooms, Notospartium carmichaeliae and N. glabrescens (Fabaceae -Galegeae), in New Zealand. New Zealand journal of botany 34: 299-307.
24. Heenan, P. B. 1997a: Fruit anatomy of Clianthus puniceus and Swainsona novae-zelandiae (Fabaceae -Galegeae). New Zealand journal of botany 35: 119-123.
25. Heenan, P. B. 1997b: Heteroblasty in Carmichaelia, Chordospartium, Corallospartium, and Notospartium (Fabaceae - Galegeae) from New Zealand. New Zealand journal of botany 35: 243-249.
26. Heenan, P. B. 1997c: Wood anatomy of the Carmichaelia (Fabaceae - Galegeae) complex in New Zealand. New Zealand journal of botany 35: 395-415.
27. Heenan, P. B. 1998a: An emended circumscription of Carmichaelia (Fabaceae - Galegeae), with new combinations, a key, and notes on hybrids. New Zealand journal of botany 36: 53-63.
28. Heenan, P. B. 1998b: Montigena (Fabaceae - Galegeae), a new genus endemic to New Zealand. New Zealand journal of botany 36: 41-51.
29. Hoelzer, G. A.; Melnick, D. J. 1994: Patterns of speciation and limits to phylogenetic resolution. Trends in ecology and evolution 9: 104-107.
30. Hooker, J. D. 1864: Handbook of the New Zealand flora, part 1. London, Reeve.
31. Hutchinson, J. 1964: The genera of flowering plants. Vol. I. Oxford, Clarendon Press.
32. Kirk, T. 1899: The student's flora of New Zealand. Wellington, Government Printer.
33. Kluge, A. G.; Farris, J. S. 1969: Quantitative phyletics and the evolution of anurans. Systematic zoology 18: 1-32.
34. Kreuler, E. 1929: Chromosomen-Studien bei den Galegeen. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 47: 99-101.
35. Kreuter, E. 1930: Beitrag zu karyologisch-systematischen Studien an Galegeen. Planta 11: 1-44.
36. Lee, A. T. 1948: The genus Swainsona. Contributions from the New South Wales National Herbarium 1: 131-271.
37. Liston, A.; Wheeler, J. A. 1994: The phylogenetic position of the genus Astragalus (Fabaceae): Evidence from the chloroplast genes rpoC1 and rpoC2. Biochemical systematics and ecology 22: 377-388.
38. McDade, L. 1990: Hybrids and phylogenetic systematics I. Patterns of character expression in hybrids and their implications for cladistic analysis. Evolution 44: 1685-1700.
39. Maddison, D. R. 1991: The discovery and importance of multiple islands of most-parsimonious trees. Systematic zoology 40: 315-328.
40. Maddison, W. 1989: Reconstructing character evolution on polytomous cladograms. Cladistics 5: 365-377.
41. Maddison, W. P.; Maddison, D. R. 1992: MacClade: analysis of phylogeny and character evolution. Sinauer, Massachusetts.
42. Maddison, W. P.; Donoghue, M. J.; Maddison, D. R. 1984: Outgroup analysis and parsimony. Systematic zoology 33: 83-103.
43. Mickevich, M. F.; Farris, J. S. 1981: The implications of congruence in Menidia. Systematic zoology 30: 351-370.
44. Oliver, W. R. B. 1928: The flora of the Waipaoa Series (Later Pliocene) of New Zealand. Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 59: 287-303.
45. Oliver, W. R. B. 1935: The plants of New Zealand. Wellington, Government Printer.
46. Petrie, D. 1921: Descriptions of new native flowering-plants, with a few notes. Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 53: 365-371.
47. Pimentel, R. A.; Riggins, R. 1987: The nature of cladistic data. Cladistics 3: 201-209.
48. Polhill, R. M. 1981: Tribe 17. Carmichaeliae Hutch. (1964). In: Polhill, R. M.; Raven, P. H. ed. Advances in legume systematics, Part I. Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens. Pp. 364-366.
49. Purdie, A. W. 1985: Chordospartium muritai (Papilionaceae) - a rare new species of New Zealand tree broom. New Zealand journal of botany 23: 157-161.
50. Raven, P. H. 1973: Evolution of subalpine and alpine plant groups in New Zealand. New Zealand journal of botany 11: 177-200.
51. Raven, P. H.; Polhill, R. M. 1981: Biogeography of the Leguminosae. In: Polhill, R. M.; Raven, P. H. ed. Advances in legume systematics, Part I. Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens. Pp. 27-34.
52. Sanderson, M. J. 1989a: Patterns of homoplasy in North American Astragalus L. (Fabaceae). Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Arizona, Tuscon, Arizona, USA.
53. Sanderson, M. J. 1989b: Confidence limits on phylogenies: the bootstrap revisited. Cladistics 5: 113-129.
54. Sanderson, M. J.; Liston, A. 1995: Molecular phylogenetic systematics of Galegeae, with special reference to Astragalus. In: Crisp, M. D.; Doyle, J. J. ed. Advances in legume systematics. Part 7, phylogeny. Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens. Pp. 331-350.
55. Sanderson, M. J.; Wojciechowski, M. F. 1996: Diversification rates in a temperate legume clade: are there "so many species" of Astragalus (Fabaceae). American journal of botany 83: 1488-1502.
56. Sands, V. E. 1975: The cytoevolution of the Australian Papilionaceae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 100: 118-155.
57. Simpson, G. 1945: A revision of the genus Carmichaelia. Transactions of The Royal Society of New Zealand 75:231-287.
58. Slade, B. F. 1952: Cladode anatomy and leaf trace systems in New Zealand brooms. Transactions of The Royal Society of New Zealand 80: 81-96.
59. Slade, B. F. 1953: Somatic chromosome number of the New Zealand broom genera and a discussion of their relationship. Transactions of The Royal Society of New Zealand 81: 1-9.
60. Stevens, P. F. 1991 : Character states, morphological variation and phylogenetic analysis: a review. Systematic botany 16: 553-583.
61. Swofford, D. L. 1993: PAUP: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony, Version 3.1. Computer program distributed by the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois.
62. Swofford, D. L.; Olsen, D. G. 1990: Phylogeny reconstruction. In: Hillis, D. M.; Moritz, G. ed. Molecular systematics. Sinauer, Massachusetts.
63. Thiele, K. 1993: The holy grail of the perfect character: the cladistic treatment of morphometric data. Cladistics 9: 275-304.
64. Thiele, K.; Ladiges P. Y. 1988: A cladistic analysis of Angophora Cav. (Myrtaceae). Cladistics 4: 23-42.
65. Thompson, J. 1990: New species and new combinations in the genus Swainsona (Fabaceae) in New South Wales. Telopea 4: 1-5.
66. Thompson, J. 1993: A revision of the genus Swainsona (Fabaceae). Telopea 5: 427-581.