Flight of the honey bee. VIII. Functional elements and mechanics of the 'flight motor' and the wing joint - One of the most complicated gear-mechanisms in the animal kingdom

Journal of Comparative Physiology - B Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology

Volumn 168, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 323-344

  Nachtigall, W ^a   Wisser, A ^a   Eisinger, D ^a  

^a SAARLAND UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031878493     PISSN: 01741578     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s003600050152     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Amans PC (1883) Essai sur le vol des insectes. Rev Sci Nat Sér 3 II: 469-490
2. Amans PC (1884) Essai sur les organes du vol des Hyménoptères. Rev Sci Nat Sér 3 III: 485-522
3. Andersen SO, and Weis-Fogh T (1964) Resilin, a rubber-like protein in arthropod cuticle. Adv Insect Physiol 2: 1-65
4. Boettiger EG (1957) The machinery of insect flight. In: Scheer, Bradley, Titus (eds) Recent advances in Invertebrate Physiology (Symposium of the Natural Science Foundation) University of Oregon Publications, p 117-142
5. Brown RHJ (1960) Mechanical models in zoology-Models and analogues in biology. In: Symposium of the Society of Experimental Biology, no XIV. p 69-82
6. Chabrier J (1822) Essai sur le vol des insectes. Mém Mus Hist, Vol XIII
7. Dade HA (1962) The flight of the honeybee. The Bee World, London, pp 12-20
8. Daly HV (1963) Close-packed and fibrillar muscles of the Hymenoptera. Ann Entomol Soc Am 56: 295-306
9. Eisinger D (1979) Funktionsmorphologische Untersuchungen am Flügelgelenk und an der Flugmuskulatur von Apis mellifica L. Unpublished diploma, University of Saarland, Saarland
10. Markl H (1966) Peripheres Nervensystem im Thorax der Arbeiterin von Apis mellifica L., Formica polyctena Foerster und Vespa vulgaris L. und der Grundplan der Innervierung des Insektenthorax. Zool Jahrb Anat 83: 107-184
11. Matsuda R (1970) Morphology and evolution of the insect thorax. Mem e Entomol Soc Can 76: 1-431
12. Mihályi F (1935/36) Untersuchungen über die Anatomie und Mechanik der Flugorgane an der Stubenfliege. Arb Ungar Biol Forsch Thihany 8: 106-119
13. Morison GD (1928) The muscles of the adult honey-bee (Apis mellifica L.). Q J Microsc Sci 71: 395-463
14. Nachtigall W, Wilson DM (1967) Neuromuscular control of dipteran flight. J Exp Biol 47: 77-97
15. Pringle JWS (1957) Insect flight. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 1-32
16. Pringle JWS (1961a) The function of the direct flight muscles in the bee. In: XI, International Congress of Entomology, Vienna, Vol 1, p 660
17. Pringle JWS (1961b) The wing mechanisms of the bee. Inst Wissenschaftl Film, Gottingen, Germany Film Nr W 510
18. Pringle JWS (1968) Comparative physiology of the flight motor. Adv Insect Physiol 5: 163-227
19. Snodgrass RE (1942) The sceleto-muscular mechanisms of the honey-bee. Smithson Misc Collect 103: 1-120
20. Snodgrass RE (1956) Anatomy of the honey bee. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York
21. Stellwaag F (1910) Studien über die Honigbiene. II. Bau und Mechanik des Flugapparates der Biene. Z Wiss Zool 95: 518-550
22. Weber H (1926) Der Thorax der Hornisse. Zool Jahrb Anat Ontog 47: 1-100
23. Weis-Fogh T (1960) A rubberlike protein in insect cuticle. J. Exp Biol 37: 889-907
24. Wille A (1956) Comparative studies of the thoracic musculature of bees. Univ Kans Sci Bull 38: 439-499
25. Wisser A (1987) Mechanisms of wing rotating regulation in Calliphora erythrocephala (Insecta, Diptera). Zoomorphology 106: 261-268
26. Wisser A, Nachtigall W (1984) Functional morphological investigations on the flight muscles and their insertion points in the blowfly Calliphora erythrocephala (Insecta, Diptera). Zoomorphology 104: 188-195
27. Wisser A, Nachtigall W (1991) Biomechanical aspects of the wing joints in flies, especially in Calliphora erythrocephala. In: Schmitt-Kittler N, Vogel K (eds) Constraints in morphological evolution. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 193-207
28. Wohlgemuth R (1962) Die Schlagform des Bienenflügels beim Sterzeln im Vergleich zur Bewegungsweise beim Fliegen und Fächeln. Z Vergl Physiol 45: 581-589
29. Zander E (1951) Der Bau der Biene. In: Handbuch der Bienenkunde in Einzeldarstellungen I-V; Bd III. Ulmer, Stuttgart, p 43-59