Sm-Nd age of the Garhwal-Bhowali volcanics, western Himalayas: Vestiges of the Late Archaean Rampur flood basalt Province of the northern Indian Craton

Precambrian Research

Volumn 87, Issue 3-4, 1998, Pages 217-231

  Bhat, M I ^a   Claesson, S ^b   Dubey, A K ^a   Pande, Kanchan ^c  

^a WADIA INSTITUTE OF HIMALAYAN GEOLOGY   (India)

^b SWEDISH MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY   (Sweden)

^c PHYSICAL RESEARCH LABORATORY   (India)

Author keywords

Garhwal volcanics; Late Archaean flood basalt province; Northern Indian Craton; Sm Nd age

Indexed keywords

ARCHAEAN; FLOOD BASALT; GEOCHRONOLOGY;

INDIA;

EID: 0031874543     PISSN: 03019268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0301-9268(97)00076-4     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Ahmad, T., Bhat, M.I., 1987. Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Mandi-Darla volcanics, northwestern Himalayas. Precam. Res. 37, 231-256.
2. Ahmad, T., Tarney, J., 1991. Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Garhwal volcanics: implications for evolution of N. Indian lithosphere. Precam. Res. 50, 69-88.
3. Ahmad, T., Tarney, J., 1994. Geochemistry and petrogenesis of late Archaean Aravalli volcanics, basement enclaves and granitoids, Rajasthan. Precam. Res. 65, 1-23.
4. Auden, J.B., 1935. Traverses in the Himalayas. Rec. Geol. Surv. India 69 (II), 123-167.
5. Azmi, R.J., 1993. Mussorie Group (Vendian-Cambrian) - a chronostratigraphic anologue of the Haimanta Group (partim): implications for the early evolutionary history of the northwestern Himalaya and the northern Indian Peninsula. In: Seminar on Himalayan Geology and Geophysics, 22-25 March 1993, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun, pp. 30-32.
6. Balakrishna, S., Hanson, G.N., Rajamani, V., 1990. Pb and Nd isotope constraints on the origin of high-Mg and tholeiitic amphibolites, Kolar schist belt, south India. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 107, 279-292.
7. Basu, A.R., Ray, S.L., Saha, A.K., Sarkar, S.N., 1981. Eastern India 3800-Million-year-old crust and early mantle differentiation. Science 212, 1502-1506.
8. Bernard-Griffiths, J., Jahn, B.M., Sen, S.K., 1987. Sm-Nd isotopes and REE geochemistry of Madras granulites, India: an introductory statement. Precam. Res. 37, 343-355.
9. Bhaskar Rao, Y.J., Chetty, T.R.K., Janardhan, A.S., Gopalan, K., 1996. Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr ages and P-T history of the Archean Sittampundi and Bhavani layered meta-anorthosite complexes in Cauvery shear zone, South India: evidence for Neoproterozoic reworking of the Archaean crust. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 125, 237-250.
10. Bhat, M.I., Ahmad, T., 1987. Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Bhowali-Bhimtal volcanics, Kumaun Lesser Himalayas. Geosci. Journal 8, 51-61.
11. Bhat, M.I., Claesson, S., 1995. Nd-isotopic evidence for the Middle Proterozoic age of the Bafliaz volcanics, NW Himalayas and the mantle origin of their "crustal signature". In: Dissanayake, C.B., Almond, D.C., Cooray, P.G. (Eds.), Abstract Volume. Second South Asia Geology Congress, 19-24 January 1995, Colombo, p. 29.
12. Bhat, M.I., Le Fort, P., 1992. Sm-Nd age and petrogenesis of Rampur metavolcanic rocks, NW Himalaya: Late Archaean relics in the Himalayan belt. Precam. Res. 56, 191-210.
13. Bhat, M.I., Le Fort, P., 1993. Nd-isotopic study of the Late Archaean continental tholeiites, NW Lesser Himalayas: a case of ocean island basalt source for continental tholeiites. J. Himalayan Geol. 4, 1-13.
14. Brookfield, M.E., 1993. Himalayan passive margin from Precambrian to Cretaceous times. Sedimentary Geol. 84, 1-35.
15. Cattell, A., Krogh, T.E., Arndt, N.T., 1984. Conflicting Sm-Nd whole rock and U-Pb zircon ages for Archaean lavas from Newton Township, Abitibi Belt, Ontario. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 70, 280-290; Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 74, 315-324.
16. Cattell, A., Krogh, T.E., Arndt, N.T., 1984. Conflicting Sm-Nd whole rock and U-Pb zircon ages for Archaean lavas from Newton Township, Abitibi Belt, Ontario. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 70, 280-290; Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 74, 315-324.
17. Chauvel, C., Dupre, B., Jenner, G.A., 1985. The Sm-Nd age of Kambalda volcanics is 500 Ma too old! Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 74, 315-324.
18. Claesson, S., 1987. Nd isotope data on 1.9-1.2 Ga old basic rocks and metasediments from Bothnian basin, Central Sweden. Precam. Res. 35, 115-126.
19. Dostal, J., McCutcheon, S.R., 1990. Geochemistry of Late Proterozoic basaltic rocks from southeastern New Brunswick, Canada. Precam. Res. 47, 83-98.
20. Dubey, A.K., Bhat, M.I., 1991. Structural evolution of the Simla area, NW Himalayas: implications for crustal thickening. J. SE Asian Earth Sci. 6, 41-53.
21. Nd from Sm-Nd data. Geochim. Comochim. Acta 46, 1883-1987.
22. Gansser, A., 1964. Geology of the Himalayas. Interscience, London.
23. Gopalan, K., Macdougall, J.D., Roy, A.B., Murali, A.V., 1990. Sm-Nd evidence for 3.3 Ga old rocks in Rajasthan, northwestern India. Precam. Res. 48, 287-297.
24. Govindaraju, K., 1989. Compilation of working values and sample description for 272 Geostandards. Geostand. Newslett. XIII (Special issue), 1-113.
25. Gruau, G., Chauvel, C., Jahn, B.M., 1990. Anomalous Sm-Nd ages for the early Archaean Onverwacht Group volcanics. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 104, 27-34.
26. Hamilton, P.J., O'Nions, R.K., Evensen, N.M., 1977. Sm-Nd dating of Archaean basic and ultrabasic volcanics. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 3, 263-268.
27. Hamilton, P.J., Evensen, N.M., O'Nions, R.K., Smith, H.S., Erlank, A.J., 1979. Sm-Nd dating of Onverwatcht Group volcanics. Nature 279, 298-300.
28. Hergt, J.M., Chappell, B.W., McCulloch, M.T., McDougall, I., Chivas, A.R., 1989. Geochemical and isotopic constraints in the origin of the Jurassic dolerites of Tasmania. J. Petrol. 30, 841-883.
29. Holland, T.H., 1908. On the occurrence of striated boulders in the Blaini Formation of Simla, with a discussion on the geological age of the rocks. Rec. Geol. Surv. India 37, 129-135.
30. Horan, M.F., Hanson, G.N., Spencer, K.J., 1987. Pb and Nd isotope and trace element constraints on the origin of basic rocks in an early Proterozoic igneous complex, Minnesota. Precam. Res. 37, 323-342.
31. Jahn, B.M., Ernest, W.G., 1990. Late Archaean Sm-Nd isochron age for mafic-ultramafic supracrustal amphibolites from the northeastern Sino-Korean Craton, China. Precam. Res. 46, 295-306.
32. Jahn, B.M., Auvary, B., Cornichet, J., Bai, Y.L., Shen, Q.H., Liu, D.Y., 1987. 3.5 Ga old amphibolites from eastern Hebei Province, China. Field occurrence, petrography, Sm-Nd isochron age and REE geochemistry. Precam. Res. 34, 311-346.
33. Jensen, L.S., 1976. A new cation plot for classifying sub-alkalic volcanic rocks. Ontario Department of Mines Miscellaneous Paper No. 66. Ontario Department of Mines, Ontario, Canada.
34. Kumar, A., Bhaskar Rao, Y.J., Sivaraman, T.V., Gopalan, K., 1996. Sm-Nd ages of Archaean metavolcanics of the Dharwar craton, South India. Precam. Res. 80, 205-216.
35. Lugmair, G.W., Carlson, R.W., 1978. The Sm-Nd history of KREEP. Proceedings of the 9th Lunar Planetary Science Conference, pp. 689-704.
36. McCulloch, M.T., Compston, W., 1984. Sm-Nd dating of Kambalda and Kanowan greenstones and heterogeneity in the Archaean mantle. Nature 294, 322-327.
37. Nelson, D.R., Trendall, A.F., de Laeter, J.R., Grobler, N.J., Fletcher, I.R., 1992. A comparative study of the geochemical and isotopic systematics of late Archaean flood basalts from the Pilbara and Kaapvaal cratons. Precam. Res. 54, 231-256.
38. Parrish, R.R., Hodges, K.V., 1996. Isotopic constraints on the age and provenance of the Lesser and Greater Himalayan sequences, Nepalese Himalaya. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 108, 904-911.
39. Qureshi, M.N., 1969. Thickening of a basalt layer as a possible cause for the uplift of the Himalayas. Tectonophysics 7, 137-167.
40. Qureshi, M.N., 1971. Relation of gravity to elevation and rejuvenation of blocks in India. J. Geophys. Res. 76, 545-557.
41. Rogers, J.J.W., 1996. A history of continents in the past three billion years. J. Geol. 104, 91-107.
42. Roy, A.B., 1990. Evolution of the Precambrian crust of the Aravalli mountain range. In: Naqvi, S.M. (Ed.), Precambrian Continental Crust and its Economic Resources. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 327-347.
43. Shirey, S.B., Hanson, G.N., 1986. Mantle heterogeneity and crustal recycling in Archaean granite and greenstone belts: evidence from Nd isotopes and trace elements in the Rainy Lake area, Ontario. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 50, 2631-2651.
44. Sivaji, C., Arora, B.R., Qureshi, M.N., 1992. An assessment of the nature of the crust under the collision zone through gravity. In: Rangarajan, G.K., Arora, B.R. (Eds.), Geomagnetic Studies at Low Altitudes. Geological Society of India, Banglore, pp. 103-112.
45. Srivastava, R.N., Ahmad, A., 1979. Geology and structure of Alaknanda valley, Garhwal Himalaya. Himalayan Geol. 9, 225-254.
46. Sugden, T.J., Deb, M., Windley, B.F., 1990. The tectonic setting of mineralization in the Proterozoic Aravalli-Delhi orogenic belt, NW India. In: Naqvi, S.M. (Ed), Precambrian Continental Crust and its Economic Resources. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 367-407.
47. Sun, S.S., McDonough, W.F., 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. In: Saunders, A.D., Norry, M.J. (Eds.), Magmatism in the Oceanic Basins. Geological Society of London Special Publication No. 42. Geological Society of London, London, pp. 313-345.
48. Thakur, V.C., 1992. Geology of Western Himalaya. Pergamon, Oxford.
49. Thakur, V.C., Rawat, B.S. 1992. Geological Map of Western Himalaya. Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun.
50. Valdiya, K.S., 1976. Himalayan transverse faults and folds and their parallelism with subsurface structures of north Indian plains. Tectonophysics 32, 353-386.
51. Valdiya, K.S., 1980. Geology of Kumaun Lesser Himalaya. Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun.
52. Valdiya, K.S., 1986. Correlation of Lesser Himalayan formations of Nepal and Kumaun. Sciences de la Terre, Paris, Mem. 47, 361-383.
53. Valdiya, K.S., 1995. Proterozoic sedimentation and Pan-African geodynamic development in the Himalaya. Precam. Res. 74, 35-55.
54. Verma, P.K., 1996. Evolution and age of the Great Boundary Fault of Rajasthan. J. Geol Soc. India Mem. In: A. Bhattacharyya (Ed.) Recent advances in Vindhyan Geology. Geol. Soc. India, Bangalore, p. 197-212.
55. Verma, P.K., Greiling, R.O., 1995. Tectonic evolution of the Aravalli orogen (NW India): an inverted Proterozoic rift basin? Geol. Rundsch. 84, 683-696.
56. Verma, R.K., Mitra, S., Mukhopadhyay, M., 1986. An analysis of gravity field over Aravallis and surrounding regions. Geophys. Res. Bull. 24, 1-12.
57. Virdi, N.S., 1988. Pre-Tertiary geotectonic events in the Himalaya. Circum Indian geology. Z. geol. Wiss. Berlin 7, 571-585.
58. Virdi, N.S., 1998. Upper Proterozoic geotectonic events in the Trans-Aravalli region and their signatures in the Lesser Himalaya. In: Proceedings of the 2nd South Asian Geological Congress (GEOSAS-II), Colombo, in press.
59. Weaver, B.L., Tarney, J., 1981. The Scourie dyke suite: petro-genesis and geochemical nature of the Proterozoic sub-continental mantle. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 78, 175-188.
60. Weaver, B.L., Tarney, J., 1985. Major and trace element composition of the continental crust. In: Pollack, H.N., Murthy, V.R. (Eds.), Structure and Evolution of the Continental Lithosphere. Pergamon, Oxford, pp. 39-68.
61. White, R.S., 1988. The Earth's crust and lithosphere. J. Geol. Special Lithosphere Issue 1-10.
62. White, R.S., Spence, G.D., Flower, S.R., McKenzie, D.P., Westbrook, G.K., Bowen, A.N., 1987. Magmatism at rifted continental margins. Nature 330, 439-444.
63. Wilson, A.H., Carlson, R.W., 1989. A Sm-Nd and Pb isotope study of Archaean greenstone belts in the southern Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 96, 89-105.
64. York, D., 1969. Least squares fitting of a straight line with correlated errors. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 5, 320-324.
65. Yoshida, M., Funaki, M., Vintanage, P.W., 1992. Proterozoic to Mesozoic east Gondwana: the juxtaposition of India, Sri Lanka, and Antarctica. Tectonics 11, 381-391.