Belief term development in children with autism, Asperger syndrome, specific language impairment, and normal development: Links to theory of mind development

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines

Volumn 39, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 755-763

  Ziatas, Kathryn ^a   Durkin, Kevin ^a   Pratt, Chris ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^b LA TROBE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Asperger syndrome; Autism; Communication; Language; Language disorder; Social cognition

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ASPERGER SYNDROME; AUTISM; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; COMPETENCE; COMPREHENSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INFANTILE AUTISM; LANGUAGE DISABILITY; LITERATURE; MALE; MENTAL HEALTH; PERFORMANCE;

AUTISTIC DISORDER; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CONCEPT FORMATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT DISORDERS; MALE; REALITY TESTING; REFERENCE VALUES; THINKING;

EID: 0031872988     PISSN: 00219630     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0021963098002510     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(4th edn., revised). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Astington, J. W., & Jenkins, J. M. (1995). Theory of mind development and social understanding. Cognition and Emotion, 9, 151-165.
3. Attwood, A., Frith, U., & Hermelin, B. (1988). The understanding and use of interpersonal gestures by autistic and Down's syndrome children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 18, 241-257.
4. Baron-Cohen, S. (1989). Perceptual role taking and protodeclarative pointing in autism. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 7, 113-127.
5. Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindness. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
6. Baron-Cohen, S., Baldwin, D. A., & Crowson, M. (1997). Do children with autism use the speaker's direction of gaze strategy to crack the code of language? Child Development, 68, 48-57.
7. Baron-Cohen, S., & Goodheart, F. (1994). The "seeing-leads-to-knowing" deficit in autism. The Pratt and Bryant probe. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 12, 397-401.
8. Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A., & Frith, U. (1985). Does the autistic child have a "theory of mind"? Cognition, 21, 37-46.
9. Bartsch, K., & Wellman, H. M. (1995). Children talk about the mind. New York: Oxford University Press.
10. Bishop, D. (1989). Test of Reception of Grammar (2nd edn.). Age and Cognitive Performance Research Centre. University of Manchester, M13 9PL: Author.
11. Bowler, D. M. (1992). "Theory of mind" in Asperger's syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 33, 877-893.
12. Bretherton, I., & Beeghly, M. (1982). Talking about internal states: The acquisition of an explicit theory of mind. Developmental Psychology. 18, 906-921.
13. Craig, H. K., & Washington, J. A. (1993). The access behaviors of children with specific language impairment. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 36, 322-337.
14. Dahlgren, S. O., & Trillingsgaard, A. (1996). Theory of mind in non-retarded children with autism and Asperger's syndrome. A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 759-763.
15. Dunn, L., & Dunn, P. (1981). Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Services.
16. Eisenmajor, R., & Prior, M. (1991). Cognitive linguistic correlates of "theory of mind' ability in autistic children. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 351-364.
17. Frith, U. (1989). Autism: Explaining the enigma. Oxford: Blackwell.
18. Frith, U., Happé, F., & Siddons, F. (1994). Autism and theory of mind in everyday life. Social Development, 2, 108-124.
19. Furrow, D., Moore, C., Davidge, J., & Chiasson, L. (1992). Mental terms in mothers' and children's speech: Similarities and relationships. Journal of Child Language, 19, 617-631.
20. Gillberg, C. (1989). Asperger syndrome in 23 Swedish children. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 31, 520-531.
21. Happé. F. G. E. (1993). Communicative competence and theory of mind in autism: A test of relevance theory. Cognition, 48, 101-119.
22. Happé, F. G. E. (1995). The role of age and verbal ability in the theory of mind task performance of subjects with autism. Child Development, 66, 843-855.
23. Johnson, C. N., & Wellman, H. (1980). Children's developing understanding of mental verbs: Remember, know and guess. Child Development, 51, 1095-1102.
24. Kazak, S., Collis, G. M., & Lewis, V. (in press). Can young people with autism refer to knowledge states? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.
25. Lapadat, J. L. (1991). Pragmatic language skills of students with language and/or learning disabilities: A quantitative synthesis. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 24, 147-158.
26. Leslie, A. M., & Frith, U. (1988) Autistic children's understanding of seeing, knowing and believing. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 6, 315-324.
27. Loveland, K. A., & Landry, S. (1986). Joint attention and language in autism and developmental delay. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 16, 335-349.
28. Mitchell, P., & Isaacs, J. (1994). Understanding of verbal representation in children with autism: The case of representational opacity. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 12, 439-453.
29. Moore, C., Bryant, D., & Furrow, D. (1989). Mental terms and the development of certainty. Child Development, 60, 167-171.
30. Moore, C. & Davidge, J. (1989). The development of mental terms: Pragmatics or semantics? Journal of Child Language, 16, 633-641.
31. Moore, C., Furrow, D., Chiasson, L., & Putriquin, M. (1994). Developmental relationships between production and comprehension of mental terms. First Language, 14, 1-17.
32. Moore, C., Gilbert, C., & Sapp, F. (1995). Children's comprehension of the distinction between want and need. Journal of Child Language, 22, 687-701.
33. Moore, C., Pure, K., & Furrow, D. (1990). Children's understanding of the modal expression of speaker certainty and uncertainty and its relation to the development of a representational theory of mind. Child Development, 61, 722-730.
34. Mundy, P., Sigman, M., & Kasari, C. (1993). The theory of mind and joint-attention deficits in autism. In S. Baron-Cohen, H. Tager-Flusberg, & P. Cohen (Eds.), Understanding other minds: Perspectives from autism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
35. Ozonoff, S., Rogers, S. J., & Pennington, B. F. (1991). Asperger's syndrome: Evidence of an empirical distinction from high-functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32, 1107-1122.
36. Perner, J., Frith, U., Leslie, A., & Leekam, S. (1989). Exploration of the autistic child's theory of mind: Knowledge, belief, and communication. Child Development, 60, 689-700.
37. Peterson, C. C., & Siegal, M. (1995). Deafness, conversation and theory of mind. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 459-474.
38. Peterson, C. C., & Siegal, M. (in press). Psychological, physical and biological thinking in normal, autistic and deaf children. In H. M. Wellman & K. Inagaki (Eds.), The emergence of core domains of thought. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
39. Prior, M., Dahlstrom, B., & Squires, T. L. (1990). Autistic children's knowledge of thinking and feeling states in other people. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 31, 587-601.
40. Reed, T., & Peterson, C. (1990). A comparative study of autistic subjects' performance at two levels of visual and cognitive perspective taking. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20, 555-568.
41. Shatz, M., Wellman, H. M., & Silber, S. (1983). The acquisition of mental verbs: A systematic investigation of first references to mental states. Cognition, 14, 301-321.
42. Sparrevohn, R., & Howie, P. M. (1995). Theory of mind in children with autistic disorder: Evidence of developmental progression and the role of verbal ability. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 249-263.
43. Surian, L., Baron-Cohen, S., & Van der Lely, H. (1996). Are children with autism deaf to Gricean maxims? Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 1, 55-71.
44. Szatmari, P., Bartoloucci, G., & Brenner, R. (1989). Asperger's syndrome and autism: Comparisons on early history and outcome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 31, 709-720.
45. Tager-Flusberg, H. (1992). Autistic children's talk about psychological states: Deficits in the early acquisition of a theory of mind. Child Development, 63, 161-172.
46. Tager-Flusberg, H., & Sullivan, K. (1995). Attributing mental states to story characters: A comparison of narratives produced by autistic and mentally retarded individuals. Applied Psycholingusitics, 16, 241-256.
47. Tan, J., & Harris, P. (1991). Autistic children understand seeing and wanting. Developmental and Psychopathology, 3, 163- 174.
48. Wellman, H., & Woolley, J. (1990). From simple desires to ordinary beliefs: The early development of everyday psychology. Cognition, 35, 245-275.