Inverse modeling of seasonal variations in the North Atlantic Ocean

Journal of Physical Oceanography

Volumn 28, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 902-922

  Yu, Lisan ^a,b   Malanotte Rizzoli, Paola ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CIRCULATION; GCM; HEAT TRANSPORT; HYDROGRAPHY; SEASONAL VARIATION;

ATLANTIC, (NORTH);

EID: 0031872204     PISSN: 00223670     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<0902:IMOSVI>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Beckmann, A., C. W. Böning, C. Köberle, and J. Willebrand, 1994a: Effects of increased horizontal resolution in a simulation of the North Atlantic Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 326-344.
2. _, _, B. Brügge, and D. Stammer, 1994b: On the generation and role of eddy variability in the central North Atlantic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20 381-20 391.
3. Bergamasco, A., P. Malanotte-Rizzoli, W. C. Thacker, and R. B. Long, 1993: The seasonal steady circulation of the Eastern Mediterranean determined with the adjoint method. Deep-Sea Res. II, 40, 1269-1294.
4. Boning, C. W., and P. Herrmann, 1994: Annual cycle of poleward heat transport in the ocean: Results from high-resolution modeling of the North and equatorial Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 91-107.
5. _, R. Döscher, and R. G. Budich. 1991: Seasonal transport variation in the western subtropical North Atlantic: Experiments with an eddy-resolving model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 21, 1271-1289.
6. _ W. R. Holland, F. O. Bryan, G. Danabasoglu, and J. C. McWilliams, 1995: An overlooked problem in model simulations of the thermohaline circulation and heat transport in the Atlantic Ocean. J. Climate, 8, 515-523.
7. Bryan, K., 1969: A numerical method for the study of the circulation of the world ocean. J. Comput. Phys., 4, 347-376.
8. Cox, M. D., 1984: A primitive equation, three-dimensional model of the ocean. GFDL Ocean Group Tech. Rep. 1. Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, 137 pp.
9. Cummins, P. F., G. Holloway, and A. E. Gargett, 1990: Sensitivity of the GFDL ocean general circulation model to a parameterization of vertical diffusion. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 817-830.
10. Daley, R., 1990: Atmospheric Data Analysis. Cambridge University Press. 457 pp.
11. Gent, P. R., and J. C. McWilliams, 1990: Isopycnal mixing in ocean circulation models. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 150-155.
12. Ghil, M., and P. Malanotte-Rizzoli, 1991: Data assimilation in meteorology and oceanography. Advances in Geophysics, Vol. 33, Academic Press, 141-266.
13. Hall, M. M., and H. L. Bryden, 1982: Direct estimates and mechanisms of ocean heat transport. Deep-Sea Res., 29, 339-360.
14. Hellerman, S., and M. Rosenstein, 1983: Normal monthly wind stress over the World Ocean with error estimates. J. Phys. Oceangr. 13, 1093-1104.
15. Hogg, N. G., 1994: Observations of Gulf Stream meander-induced disturbances. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 2534-2545.
16. Holland, W. R., and F. O. Bryan, 1994: Sensitivity studies on the role of the ocean in climate change. Ocean Processes in Climate Dynamics: Global and Mediterranean Examples, P. Malanotte-Fizzoli and A. R. Robinson, Eds., Kluwer, 111-134.
17. Klinck, J. M., 1995: Thermohaline struture of an eddy-resolving North Atlantic model: The influence of boundary conditions. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 1174-1195.
18. Le Dimet, F., and O. Talagrand, 1986: Variational algorithm for analysis and assimilation of meteorological observations: Theoretical aspects. Tellus, 38A, 97-110.
19. Levitus, S., 1982: Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean. NOAA Prof. Paper No. 13. U.S. Govt. Printing Office. 173 pp.
20. _, 1994a: World Ocean Atlas 1994. Vol. 3: Salinity. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 3, 99 pp.
21. _, 1994b: World Ocean Atlas 1994. Vol. 4: Temperature. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 4, 117 pp.
22. Lozier, M. S., M. S. McCartney, and W. B. Owens, 1994: Anomalous anomalies in averaged hydrographic data. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 2624-2638.
23. Marotzke, J., and C. Wunsch, 1993: Finding the steady state of a general circulation model through data assimilation: Application to the North Atlantic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20 149-20 167.
24. Navon, I. M., and D. Legler, 1987: Conjugate-gradient methods for large-scale minimization in meteorology. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1479-1502.
25. Oberhuber, J. M., 1988: An Atlas Based on the COADS Data set: The Budgets of Heat. Buoyancy and Turbulent Kinetic Energy at the Surface of the Global Ocean. Max-Plank-Institut für Meteorologie, 100 pp.
26. Roemmich, D., and C. Wunsch, 1985: Two transatlantic sections: Meridional circulation and heat flux in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 32, 619-644.
27. Sasaki, Y., 1970: Some formulations in numerical variational analysis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 98, 875-883.
28. Schiller, A., 1995: The mean circulation of the Atlantic Ocean north of 30°S determined by the adjoint method. J. Mar. Res., 53, 453-497.
29. _, and J. Willebrand, 1995: A technique for the determination of surface heat and freshwater fluxes from hydrographic observations using an approximation adjoint ocean circulation model. J. Mar. Res., 53, 433-451.
30. Schmitt, R. W., P. S. Bogden, and C. E. Dorman, 1989: Evaporation minus precipitation and density fluxes for the North Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr.. 19, 1208-1221.
31. Schmitz, W. J., Jr., and M. S. McCartney, 1993: On the north Atlantic circulation. Rev. Geophys., 31, 29-49.
32. Semtner, A. J., and R. M. Chervin, 1988: A simulation of the global ocean circulation with resolved eddies. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 15 502-15 522.
33. Sirkes, Z., and E. Tziperman, 1995: Combining data and a global primitive equation ocean general circulation model using the adjoint method. Modern Approaches to Data Assimilation in Ocean Modeling. P. Malanotte-Rizzoli, Ed., Elsevier Science, 455 pp.
34. Thacker, W. C., and R. B. Long, 1988: Fitting dynamics to data. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 1227-1240.
35. Tziperman, E., W. C. Thacker, R. B. Long, and S. Hwang, 1992a: Oceanic data analysis using a general circulation model. Part I: Simulations. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1434-1457.
36. _, _, _, _, and S. R. Rintoul. 1992b: Oceanic data analysis using a general circulation model. Part II: A North Atlantic model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1458-1485.
37. Veronis, G., 1975: The role of models in tracer studies. Numerical Models of the Ocean Circulation, Natl. Acad. Sci., 133-146.
38. Yu, L., and J. J. O'Brien, 1995: Variational data assimilation for determining the seasonal net surface heat flux using a tropical Pacific Ocean model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 2319-2343.
39. _, and P. Malanotte-Rizzoli, 1995: Assimilation of North Atlantic climatologies using a primitive equation model - Sensitivity studies. Proc. Second Int. Symp. on Assimilation of Observations in Meteorology and Oceanography, Tokyo, Japan. World Meteorological Organization, 565-570.
40. _, and _, 1996: Analysis of the North Atlantic climatologies using a combined OGCM/adjoint approach. J. Mar. Res., 54, 867-913.