Carbonate deposition in an ephemeral siliciclastic alluvial system: Jurassic Shuttle Meadow Formation, Newark Supergroup, Hartford Basin, USA

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

Volumn 140, Issue 1-4, 1998, Pages 161-184

  Gierlowski Kordesch, E H ^a  

^a OHIO UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Continental carbonates; Ephemeral; Newark Supergroup; Palaeolimnology; Palustrine

Indexed keywords

ALLUVIAL DEPOSIT; CARBONATE; JURASSIC;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 0031871179     PISSN: 00310182     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0031-0182(98)00039-X     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (142)

1. Alonso Zarza A.M., Calvo J.P., García del Cura M.A. Palustrine sedimentation and associated features - grainification and pseudo-microkarst - in the Middle Miocene (Intermediate Unit) of the Madrid Basin, Spain. Sediment. Geol. 76:1992;43-61.
2. Alonso Zarza A.M., Sanz M.E., Calvo J.P., Estévez P. Calcified root cells in Miocene pedogenic carbonates of the Madrid Basin: evidence for the origin of Microcodium b. Sediment. Geol. 116:1998;81-97.
3. Andrews J.E., Riding R., Dennis P.F. Stable isotopic compositions of Recent freshwater cyanobacterial carbonates from the British Isles: local and regional environmental controls. Sedimentology. 40:1993;303-314.
4. April R.H. Clay petrology of the Upper Triassic/Lower Jurassic terrestrial strata of the Newark Supergroup Connecticut Valley, USA. Sediment. Geol. 29:1981;283-307.
5. Aqrawi A.A.M., Evans G. Sedimentation in the lakes and marshes (Ahwar) of the Tigris-Euphrates Delta, southern Mesopotamia. Sedimentology. 41:1994;755-776.
6. Arakel A.V., McConchie D. Classification and genesis of calcrete and gypsite lithofacies in palaeodrainage systems of inland Australia and their relationship to carnotite mineralization. J. Sediment. Petrol. 52:1982;1149-1170.
7. Arríbas, M.E., 1986. Pedogenetic facies in a lacustrine sedimentation model: Paleogene of the Tertiary Tajo Basin. In: Rodríguez-Clemente, R., Tardy, Y. (Eds.), Geochemistry and Mineral Formation in the Earth Surface. Consejo Superior de Investigaciónes Científicas, Barcelona, pp. 339-350.
8. Arríbas, M.E., Mas, R., Díaz-Molina, M., 1996. Shallow carbonate lacustrine depositional controls during the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene in the Loranca Basin (Cuenca Province, central Spain). In: Friend, P.F., Dabrio, J. (Eds.), Tertiary Basins of Spain, the Stratigraphic Record of Crustal Kinematics. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, pp. 313-318.
9. Bain R.J. Diagenetic, nonevaporative origin for gypsum. Geology. 18:1990;447-450.
10. Bates, R.L., Jackson, J.A. (Eds.), 1987. Glossary of Geology. Am. Geol. Inst., Alexandria, VA, 788 pp.
11. Belkin H.E. Hydrothermal phlogopite and anhydrite from the SH2 well, Sabatini volcanic district, Latium, Italy: fluid inclusions and mineral chemistry. Am. Mineral. 73:1988;775-797.
12. Bellanca A., Calvo J.P., Censi P., Neri R., Pozo M. Recognition of lake-level changes in Miocene lacustrine units, Madrid Basin, Spain. Evidence from facies analysis, isotope geochemistry and clay mineralogy. Sediment. Geol. 76:1992;135-153.
13. Bellanca A., Calvo J.P., Neri R., Mirto E. Lake margin carbonate deposits of Las Minas Basin, Upper Miocene, southeastern Spain. A sedimentological and geochemical approach to the study of lacustrine and palustrine paleoenvironments. Miner. Petrogr. Acta. 38:1995;113-128.
14. Benson L. Carbonate deposition, Pyramid Lake Subbasin, Nevada: 1. Sequence of formation and elevational distribution of carbonate deposits (tufas). Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 109:1994;55-87.
15. Birney de Wet C., Hubert J.F. The Scots Bay Formation, Nova Scotia, Canada: a Jurassic carbonate lake with silica-rich hydrothermal springs. Sedimentology. 36:1989;857-873.
16. Bowler J.M. Spatial variability and hydrologic evolution of Australian lake basins: analogue for Pleistocene hydrologic change and evaporite formation. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 54:1986;21-41.
17. Calvo J.P., Pozo M.I., Jones B.F. Preliminary report of seepage mound occurrences in Spain. Comparison with carbonate mounds from the Amargosa Desert, western USA. Geogaceta. 18:1995;67-70.
18. Calvo, J.P., Alonso Zarza, A.M., García del Cura, M.A., Ordóñez, S., Rodríguez-Aranda, J.P., Sanz Montero, M.E., 1996. Sedimentary evolution of lake systems through the Miocene of the Madrid Basin: paleoclimatic and paleohydrological constraints. In: Friend, P.F., Dabrio, J. (Eds.), Tertiary Basins of Spain, the Stratigraphic Record of Crustal Kinematics. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, pp. 272-277.
19. Camoin G., Casanova J., Rouchy J.-M., Blanc-Valleron M.-M., Deconinck J.-F. Environmental controls on perennial and ephemeral carbonate lakes: the central palaeo-Andean Basin of Bolivia during Late Cretacaeous to early Tertiary times. Sediment. Geol. 113:1997;1-26.
20. Cañaveras, J.C., Calvo, J.P., Hoyos, M., Ordóñez, S., 1996. Paleomorphologic features of an intra-Vallesian paleokarst, Tertiary Madrid Basin: significance of paleokarstic surfaces in continental basin analysis. In: Friend, P.F., Dabrio, J. (Eds.), Tertiary Basins of Spain, the Stratigraphic Record of Crustal Kinematics. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, pp. 278-284.
21. Cavinato G.P. Recent tectonic evolution of the Quaternary deposits of the Rieti Basin (central Apennines, Italy): southern part. Geol. Rom. 29:1993;411-434.
22. Cecil C.B. Paleoclimate controls on stratigraphic repetition of chemical and siliciclastic rocks. Geology. 18:1990;533-536.
23. Chafetz H.S., Butler J.C. Petrology of Recent caliche pisolites, spherulites, and speleothem deposits from central Texas. Sedimentology. 27:1980;497-518.
24. 3 precipitates: an example from an active travertine system. Sedimentology. 38:1991;107-126.
25. Cody R.D. Lenticular gypsum: occurrences in nature and experimental determinations of effects of soluble green plant material on its formation. J. Sediment. Petrol. 49:1979;1015-1028.
26. Cohen A.S., Thouin C. Nearshore carbonate deposits in Lake Tanganyika. Geology. 15:1987;414-418.
27. Colson J., Cojan I. Groundwater dolocretes in a lake-marginal environment: an alternative model for dolocrete formation in continental settings (Danian of the Provence Basin). Sedimentology. 43:1996;175-188.
28. Coughlan K.J. The structure of vertisols. Rev. Rural Sci. 5:1984;87-96.
29. Curray J.R. The analysis of two-dimensional orientation data. J. Geol. 64:1956;117-131.
30. Dean W.E. Carbonate minerals and organic matter in sediments of modern north temperate hard-water lakes. SEPM Spec. Publ. 31:1981;213-231.
31. Demicco R.V., Gierlowski-Kordesch E. Facies sequences of a semi-arid closed basin: the Lower Jurassic East Berlin Formation of the Hartford Basin New England, USA. Sedimentology. 33:1986;107-118.
32. Demicco R.V., Bridge J.S., Cloyd K.C. A unique freshwater carbonate from the Upper Devonian Catskill magnafacies of New York State. J. Sediment. Petrol. 57:1987;327-334.
33. De Wet C.B., Gierlowski-Kordesch E., Gore P.J.W., Mora C.I. Variation in lacustrine and spring carbonate deposition and diagenesis: northern, central, and southern rift basins, Newark Supergroup, eastern North America. Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. Misc. Rep. 1:1996;7.
34. Dravis J.J. Rapidity of freshwater calcite cementation - implications for carbonate diagenesis and sequence stratigraphy. Sediment. Geol. 107:1996;1-10.
35. Drummond C.N., Wilkinson B.H., Lohmann K.C. Climatic control of fluvial-lacustrine cyclicity in the Cretaceous Cordilleran Foreland Basin, western United States. Sedimentology. 43:1996;677-689.
36. Ékes C. Bedload transported pedogenic mud aggregates in the Lower Old Red Sandstone in southwest Wales. J. Geol. Soc. London. 150:1993;469-471.
37. Esteban M., Klappa C.F. Subaerial exposure environment. AAPG Mem. 33:1983;1-95.
38. FitzPatrick, E.A., 1993. Soil Microscopy and Micromorphology. Wiley, Chichester, 304 pp.
39. Ford T.D., Pedley H.M. A review of tufa and travertine deposits of the world. Earth Sci. Rev. 41:1996;117-175.
40. Fregenal-Martínez M.A., Meléndez N. Sedimentología y evolución paleogeográfica de la cubeta de Las Hoyas (Cretácico inferior Serranía de Cuenca). Cuad. Geol. Ibér. 17:1993;231-256.
41. Freytet P. Les sediments lacustres carbonatés et leurs transformations par émersion et pédogenèse. Importance de leur identification pour les reconstructions paléogéographiques. Bull. Cent. Rech. Explor. Elf Aquitaine. 8:1984;223-247.
42. Freytet P., Plaziat J.C. Continental carbonate sedimentation and pedogenesis - Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary of southern France. Contrib. Sedimentol. 12:1982;1-213.
43. Friend P.F., Moody-Stuart M. Carbonate deposits on the river flood-plain of the Wood Bay Formation (Devonian) of Spitsbergen. Geol. Mag. 107:1970;181-195.
44. Gibling, M.R., Nanson, G.C., Maroulis, J.C., 1998. Anastomosing river sedimentation in the Channel Country of central Australia. Sedimentology (in press).
45. Gierlowski-Kordesch E. Ichnology of an ephemeral lacustrine/alluvial plain system: Jurassic East Berlin Formation Hartford Basin, USA. Ichnos. 1:1991;221-232.
46. Gierlowski-Kordesch E., Huber P. Lake sequences of the central Hartford Basin, Newark Supergroup. Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. Guideb. 7:1995;B1-B35.
47. Gierlowski-Kordesch, E., Rust, B.R., 1994. The Jurassic East Berlin Formation, Hartford Basin, Newark Supergroup (Connecticut and Massachusetts): a saline lake-playa-alluvial plain system. In: Renaut, R., Last, W.M. (Eds.), Sedimentology and Geochemistry of Modern and Ancient Saline Lakes. SEPM Spec. Publ. 50, 249-265.
48. Gierlowski-Kordesch E., Gómez Fernández J.C., Meléndez N. Carbonate and coal deposition in an alluvial-lacustrine setting: Lower Cretaceous (Weald) in the Iberian Range (east-central Spain). Spec. Publ. Int. Assoc. Sedimentol. 13:1991;109-125.
49. Glennie K.W., Evamy B.D. Dikaka: plants and plant-root structures associated with aeolian sand. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 4:1968;77-87.
50. Gonzalez, L., Lohmann, K.C., 1988. Controls on mineralogy and composition of spelean carbonates: Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico. In: James, N.P., Coquettte, P.W. (Eds.), Paleokarst. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 81-101.
51. Gottfried R.M., Kotra R.K. Comparative mineralogy of clay-rich strata in selected early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1776:1988;99-102.
52. Gray N.H. Mesozoic volcanism in north-central Connecticut. Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. Guideb. 5:1982;173-190.
53. Hardie L.A., Smoot J.P., Eugster H.P. Saline lakes and their deposits: a sedimentological approach. Spec. Publ. Int. Assoc. Sedimentol. 2:1978;7-41.
54. Hay R.L., Pexton R.F., Teague T.T., Kyser T.K. Spring-related carbonate rocks, Mg clays, and associated minerals in Pliocene deposits of the Amargosa Desert Nevada and California. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 97:1986;1488-1503.
55. Horne G.S., McDonald N.G., LeTourneau P.M., De Boer J.Z. Paleoenvironmental traverse across the Early Mesozoic Hartford rift Basin, Connecticut. Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. Guideb. 7:1995;D1-D28.
56. Hubble G.D. The cracking clay soils: definition, distribution, nature, genesis, and use. Rev. Rural Sci. 5:1984;3-11.
57. Huber P. Broad terrane Jurassic flood basalts across northeastern North America: comment. Geology. 25:1997;191.
58. Hubert J.F., Reed A.A., Dowdall W.L., Gilchrist J.M. Guide to the Mesozoic redbeds of central Connecticut. Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. Guideb. 4:1978;1-120.
59. Hubert J.F., Feshbach-Meriney P.E., Smith M.A. The Triassic-Jurassic Hartford rift basin, Connecticut and Massachusetts: evolution, sandstone diagenesis, and hydrocarbon history. Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull. 76:1992;1710-1734.
60. Jacobson G., Ferguson J., Evan W.R. Groundwater-discharge playas of the Mallee region, Murray Basin, southeast Australia. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 289:1994;81-96.
61. Janaway T.M., Parnell J. Carbonate production within the Orcadian Basin, northern Scotland: a petrographic and geochemical study. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 70:1989;89-105.
62. Jones B., Renaut R.W. Noncrystallographic calcite dendrites from hot-spring deposits at Lake Bogoria Kenya. J. Sediment. Res. A65:1995;154-169.
63. Jones B., Renaut R.W. Morphology and growth of aragonite crystals in hot-spring travertines at Lake Bogoria Kenya Rift Valley. Sedimentology. 43:1996;323-340.
64. Jones B., Renaut R.W., Rosen M.R. High-temperature (>90°C) calcite precipitation at Waikite Hot Springs, North Island, New Zealand. J. Geol. Soc. London. 153:1996;481-496.
65. Jones, B.F., Bowser, C.J., 1978. The mineralogy and related chemistry of lake sediments. In: Lerman, A. (Ed.), Lakes: Chemistry, Geology, and Physics. Springer, Berlin, pp. 179-235.
66. Kelts, K., Hsü, K.J., 1978. Freshwater carbonate sedimentation. In: Lerman, A. (Ed.), Lakes: Chemistry, Geology, and Physics. Springer, Berlin, pp. 295-323.
67. Kelts, K., Talbot, M., 1990. Lacustrine carbonates as geochemical archives of environmental change and biotic/abiotic interactions. In: Tilzer, M.M., Serruya, C. (Eds.), Large Lakes: Ecological Structure and Function. Springer, Berlin, pp. 288-315.
68. Klappa C.F. Brecciation textures and tepee structures in Quaternary calcrete (caliche) profiles from eastern Spain; the plant factor in their formation. Geol. J. 15:1980;81-89.
69. Klappa C.F. Rhizoliths in terrestrial carbonates: classification, recognition, genesis and significance. Sedimentology. 27:1980;613-629.
70. Karcz I. Sedimentary structures formed by flash floods in southern Israel. Sediment. Geol. 7:1972;161-182.
71. Last W.M. Paleochemistry and paleohydrology of Ceylon Lake, a salt-dominated playa basin in the northern Great Plains of western Canada. J. Paleolimnol. 4:1990;219-238.
72. Last W.M., De Deckker P. Modern and Holocene carbonate sedimentology of two saline volcanic maar lakes, southern Australia. Sedimentology. 37:1990;967-981.
73. Last, W.M., De Deckker, P., 1992. Paleohydrology and paleochemistry of Lake Beeac, a saline playa in southern Australia. In: Robarts, R.D., Bothwell, M.L. (Eds.), Aquatic Systems in Semi-Arid Regions: Implications for Resource Management. Environ. Can. Saskatoon Natl. Hydrol. Res. Inst. Symp. Ser. 7, 63-74.
74. Lattman L.H. Calcium carbonate cementation of alluvial fans in southern Nevada. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 84:1973;3013-3028.
75. Leslie A.B., Tucker M.E., Spiro B. A sedimentological and stable isotopic study of travertines and associated sediments within Upper Triassic lacustrine limestones South Wales, UK. Sedimentology. 39:1992;613-629.
76. LeTourneau, P.M., 1985. The sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Lower Jurassic Portland Formation, central Connecticut. M.S. Thesis, Wesleyan Univ., Middletown, CT, 247 pp. (unpubl.).
77. LeTourneau P.M., McDonald N.G. The sedimentology, stratigraphy, and paleontology of the Lower Jurassic Portland Formation, Hartford Basin, central Connecticut. Conn. State Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. Guideb. 6:1985;353-391.
78. Lindqvist, J.K., 1994. Lacustrine stromatolites and oncoids: Manuherikia Group (Miocene), New Zealand. In: Bertrand-Sarfati, J., Monty, C. (Eds.), Phanerzoic Stromatolites II. Kluwer, Amsterdam, pp. 227-254.
79. Love K.M., Chafetz H.S. Diagenesis of laminated travertine crusts, Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma. J. Sediment. Petrol. 58:1988;441-445.
80. Magee J.W., Bowler J.M., Miller G.H., Williams D.L.G. Stratigraphy, sedimentology, chronology, and palaeohydrology of Quaternary lacustrine deposits at Madigan Gulf Lake Eyre, South Australia. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 113:1995;3-42.
81. Manspeizer, W., 1988. Triassic-Jurassic rifting and opening of the Atlantic: an overview. In: Manspeizer, W. (Ed.), Triassic-Jurassic Rifting: Continental Breakup and the Origin of the Atlantic Ocean and Passive Margins, Part A. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 41-79.
82. Maroulis J.C., Nanson G.C. Bedload transport of aggregated muddy alluvium from Cooper Creek, central Australia: a flume study. Sedimentology. 43:1996;771-790.
83. Marriott S.B., Wright V.P. Sediment recycling on Siluro-Devonian floodplains. J. Geol. Soc. London. 153:1996;661-664.
84. McDonald N.G., LeTourneau P.M. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of a fluvial-deltaic lacustrine sequence, Lower Jurassic Portland Formation Suffield, Connecticut. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1176:1988;24-30.
85. McDonald N.G., LeTourneau P.M. Revised paleogeographic model for Early Jurassic deposits, Connecticut Valley: regional easterly paleoslopes and internal drainage in an asymmetrical extensional basin. Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Progr. 22:1990;54.
86. McHone J.G. Broad-terrane Jurassic flood basalts across northeastern North America. Geology. 24:1996;319-322.
87. McKee E.D., Crosby E.J., Berryhill H.L. Jr. Flood deposits, Bijou Creek, Colorado, June 1965. J. Sediment. Petrol. 37:1967;829-851.
88. Merino E., Girard J.-P., May M.T., Ranganathan V. Diagenetic mineralogy, geochemistry, and dynamics of Mesozoic arkoses, Hartford Rift Basin Connecticut, USA. J. Sediment. Res. 67:1997;212-224.
89. Miall, A.D., 1996. The Geology of Fluvial Deposits. Sedimentary Facies, Basin Analysis, and Petroleum Geology. Springer, New York, NY, 582 pp.
90. Molenaar N., De Feyter A.J. Carbonates associated with alluvial fans: an example from the Messinian Colombacci Formation of the Pietrarubbia Basin, norther Marche, Italy. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 42:1985;1-23.
91. Mouline P. La place des formations stromatolitiques et oncolitiques dans l'analyse séquentielle des sédiments fluviolacustres tertiaires du Castrais et de l'Albigeois. Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse. 113:1977;132-146.
92. Nadon G.C. The genesis and recognition of anastomosed fluvial deposits: data from the St. Mary River Formation, southwestern Alberta, Canada. J. Sediment. Res. 64B:1994;451-463.
93. Nanson G.C., Rust B.R., Taylor G. Coexistent mud braids and anastomosing channels in an arid-zone river: Cooper Creek, central Australia. Geology. 14:1986;175-178.
94. Nickel E. Alluvial-fan carbonate facies with evaporites Eocene Guarga Formation, southern Pyrenees, Spain. Sedimentology. 29:1982;761-796.
95. Nickel E. Carbonates in alluvial fan systems. An approach to physiography, sedimentology, and diagenesis. Sediment. Geol. 42:1985;83-104.
96. Olsen, P.E., Gore, P.J.W., Schlische, R.W., 1989. Tectonic, depositional, and paleoecological history of the Early Mesozoic rift basins, eastern North America. 28th Int. Geol. Congr., Washington, DC, Field Trip Guideb. T-351, 174 pp.
97. Ordoñez S., García del Cura M.A. Recent and Tertiary fluvial carbonates in central Spain. Spec. Publ. Int. Assoc. Sedimentol. 6:1983;485-497.
98. Pedley M., Andrews J., Ordónez S., García del Cura M.A., González Martin J.-A., Taylor D. Does climate control the morphological fabric of freshwater carbonates? A comparative study of Holocene barrage tufas from Spain and Britain. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 121:1996;239-257.
99. Platt N.H. Lacustrine carbonates and pedogenesis: sedimentology and origin of palustrine deposits from the Early Cretaceous Rupelo Formation W. Cameros Basin, N. Spain. Sedimentology. 36:1989;665-684.
100. Platt N.H. Fresh-water carbonates from the Lower Freshwater Molasse (Oligocene, western Switzerland): sedimentology and stable isotopes. Sediment. Geol. 78:1992;81-99.
101. Platt N.H., Wright V.P. Lacustrine carbonates: facies models, facies distributions and hydrocarbon aspects. Spec. Publ. Int. Assoc. Sedimentol. 13:1991;57-74.
102. Platt N.H., Wright V.P. Palustrine carbonates and the Florida Everglades: towards an exposure index for the fresh-water environment. J. Sediment. Petrol. 62:1992;1058-1071.
103. Quade J., Mifflin M.D., Pratt W.L., McCoy W., Burckle L. Fossil spring deposits in the southern Great Basin and their implications for changes in water-table levels near Yucca Mountain, Nevada, during Quaternary time. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 107:1995;213-230.
104. 86Sr record of lowland Himalayan rivers. Science. 276:1997;1828-1831.
105. Railsback L.B. Lithologic controls on morphology of pressure-dissolution surfaces (stylolites and dissolution seams) in Paleozoic carbonate rocks from the mideastern United States. J. Sediment. Petrol. 63:1993;513-522.
106. Renaut R.W. Recent carbonate sedimentation and brine evolution in the saline lake basins of the Cariboo Plateau British Columbia, Canada. Hydrobiologia. 197:1990;67-81.
107. Renaut, R.W., Tiercelin, J.J., 1994. Lake Bogoria, Kenya rift valley - a sedimentological overview. In: Renaut, R., Last, W.M. (Eds.), Sedimentology and Geochemistry of Modern and Ancient Saline Lakes. SEPM Spec. Publ. 50, 101-123.
108. Roelofs A.K., Kilham P. The diatom stratigraphy and paleoecology of Lake Ohrid Yugoslavia. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 42:1983;225-245.
109. Rosen M.R. The importance of groundwater in playas: a review of playa classifications and the sedimentology and hydrology of playas. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 289:1994;1-18.
110. Rouchy J.M., Servant M., Fournier M., Causse C. Extensive algal bioherms in upper Pleistocene saline lakes of the central Altiplano of Bolivia. Sedimentology. 43:1996;973-993.
111. Rust B.R., Nanson G.C. Bedload transport of mud as pedogenic aggregates in modern and ancient rivers. Sedimentology. 36:1989;291-306.
112. Rust B.R., Nanson G.C. Bedload transport of mud as pedogenic aggregates in modern and ancient rivers: discussion. Sedimentology. 38:1991;157-160.
113. Sanz M.E., Alonso Zarza A.M., Calvo J.P. Carbonate pond deposits related to semi-arid alluvial systems: examples from the Tertiary Madrid Basin, Spain. Sedimentology. 42:1995;437-452.
114. Schlische R.W. Anatomy and evolution of the Triassic-Jurassic continental rift system, eastern North America. Tectonics. 12:1993;1026-1042.
115. Smith G.A. Climatic influences on continental deposition during late-stage filling of an extensional basin, southeastern Arizona. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 106:1994;1212-1228.
116. Smoot J.P. Origin of the carbonate sediments in the Wilkins Peak Member of the lacustrine Green River Formation (Eocene) Wyoming, USA. Spec. Publ. Int. Assoc. Sedimentol. 2:1978;109-127.
117. Smoot J.P. Depositional subenvironments in an arid closed basin; the Wilkins Peak Member of the Green River Formation (Eocene) Wyoming, USA. Sedimentology. 30:1983;801-827.
118. Smoot, J.P., Lowenstein, T.K., 1991. Depositional environments of non-marine evaporites. In: Melvin, J.L. (Ed.), Evaporite, Petroleum, and Mineral Resources. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 189-347.
119. Sneh A. Desert stream sequences in the Sinai Peninsula. J. Sediment. Petrol. 53:1983;1271-1279.
120. Soreghan M.J., Cohen A.S. Textural and compositional variability across littoral segments of Lake Tanganyika: the effect of asymmetric basin structure on sedimentation in large rift lakes. AAPG Bull. 80:1996;382-409.
121. Stapf K.R.G. Biogene fluvio-lakustrine Sedimentation im Rotliegend des permkarbonen Saar-Nahe-Beckens (SW Deutschland). Facies. 20:1989;169-198.
122. Steinen R.P., Gray N.H., Mooney J. A Mesozoic carbonate hot-spring deposit in the Hartford Basin of Connecticut. J. Sediment. Petrol. 57:1987;319-326.
123. Szulc J., Cwizewicz M. The Lower Permian freshwater carbonates of the Slawkow Graben, southern Poland: sedimentary facies context and stable isotope study. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 70:1989;107-120.
124. Talbot M.R. Paleohydrology of the late Miocene Ridge Basin lake California. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 106:1994;1121-1129.
125. Talbot, M.R., Allen, P.A., 1996. Lakes. In: Reading, H.G. (Ed.), Sedimentary Environments: Processes, Facies, and Stratigraphy. Blackwell Science, Oxford, pp. 83-124.
126. Talbot M.R., Holm K., Williams M.A.J. Sedimentation in a low-gradient desert margin systems: a comparison of the Late Triassic of northwest Somerset (England) and the late Quaternary of east-central Australia. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 289:1994;97-117.
127. Tandon S.K., Narayan D. Calcrete conglomerate, case-hardened conglomerate, and cornstone - a comparative account of pedogenic and non-pedogenic carbonates from the continental Siwalik Group Punjab, India. Sedimentology. 28:1981;353-367.
128. Thompson J.B., Ferris F.G. Cyanobacterial precipitation of gypsum, calcite, and magnesite from natural alkaline lake water. Geology. 18:1990;995-998.
129. Thompson J.B., Ferris F.G., Smith D.A. Geomicrobiology and sedimentology of the mixolimnion and chemocline in Fayetteville Green Lake New York. Palaios. 5:1990;52-75.
130. Tiercelin J.-J., Pflumio C., Castrec M., Boulègue J., Gente P., Rolet J., Coussement C., Stetter K.O., Huber R., Buku S., Mifundu W. Hydrothermal vents in Lake Tanganyika East African Rift system. Geology. 21:1993;499-502.
131. Valero Garcés B.L., Gierlowski-Kordesch E. Lacustrine carbonate deposition in Middle Pennsylvanian cyclothems - the Upper Freeport Formation Appalachian Basin, USA. J. Paleolimnol. 11:1994;109-132.
132. Valero Garcés B.L., Gisbert Aguilar J. Shallow carbonate lacustrine facies models in the Permian of the Aragon-Bearn Basin (western Spanish-French Pyrenees). Carbonates Evaporites. 7:1992;94-107.
133. Valero Garcés B.L., Gierlowski-Kordesch E., Bragonier W.A. Lacustrine facies model for nonmarine limestone within cyclothems in the Pennsylvanian (Upper Freeport Formation, Appalachian Basin) and its implications. SEPM Core Workshop. 19:1994;321-381.
134. Valero Garcés B.L., Gierlowski-Kordesch E., Bragonier W.A. Pennsylvanian continental cyclothem development: no evidence of direct climatic control in the Upper Freeport Formation (Allegheny Group) of Pennsylvania (northern Appalachian Basin). Sediment. Geol. 109:1997;305-320.
135. Weedman, S.D., 1994. Upper Allegheny Group (Middle Pennsylvanian) lacustrine limestones of the Appalachian Basin, USA. In: Gierlowski-Kordesch, E., Kelts, K. (Eds.), Global Geological Record of Lake Basins, Vol. 1. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, pp. 127-134.
136. Weems R.E., Olsen P.E. Synthesis and revision of groups within the Newark Supergroup, eastern North America. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 109:1997;195-209.
137. Williams G.E. Flood deposits of the sand-bed ephemeral streams of central Australia. Sedimentology. 17:1971;1-40.
138. Wright V.P., Marriott S.B. A quantitative approach to soil occurrence in alluvial deposits and its application to the Old Red Sandstone of Britain. J. Geol. Soc. London. 153:1996;907-913.
139. Wright V.P., Platt N.H. Seasonal wetland carbonate sequences and dynamic catenas: a re-appraisal of palustrine limestones. Sediment. Geol. 99:1995;65-71.
140. Wright V.P., Platt N.H., Marriott S.B., Beck V.H. A classification of rhizogenic (root-formed) calcretes, with examples from the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous of Spain and Upper Cretaceous of southern France. Sediment. Geol. 100:1995;143-158.
141. Wycisk P. Suggestions for a classification and description of rhizoliths in Upper Cretaceous sediments from NW Sudan. Zentralbl. Geol. Paläontol. Teil I. 7-8:1988;853-859.
142. Zhang R.H. Sulfur isotopes and pyrite-anhydrite equilibria in a volcanic basin hydrothermal system of the middle to lower Yangtze River valley. Econ. Geol. 81:1986;32-45.