Relationships between oxygen, organic matter and the diversity of bathyal macrofauna

Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

Volumn 45, Issue 1-3, 1998, Pages 129-163

  Levin, Lisa A ^a   Gage, John D ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b SCOTTISH MARINE INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031871172     PISSN: 09670645     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0967-0645(97)00085-4     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Arntz, W.E., Tarazona, J., Gallardo, V., Flores, L., Salzwedel, H., 1991. Benthos communities in oxygen deficient shelf and upper slope areas of the Peruvian and Chilean Pacific coast, and changes caused by El Niño. In: Tyson, R.V., Pearson, T.H. (Eds.), Modern and Ancient Continental Shelf Anoxia. Geol. Soc. Special Publications No. 58, London, pp. 131-154.
2. Berry, W.B.N., Wilde, P., 1978. Progressive ventilation of the oceans: an explanation for the distribution of the lower Paleozoic black shales. American Journal of Science 278, 257-275.
3. Blake, J.A., Hecker, B., Grassle, J.F., Brown, B., Wade, M., Boehm, P.D., Baptiste, E., Hilbig, B., Maciolek, N., Petrecca, R., Ruff, R.E., Starczak, V., Watling, L., 1987. Study of biological processes on the U.S. south Atlantic slope and rise, Phase 2. OCS Study, MMS 86-0096, Contract No. 14-12-0001-30064, 414 pp. + appendices.
4. Blake, J.A., Grassle, J.F., 1994. Benthic community structure on the U.S. South Atlantic slope off the Carolinas: spatial heterogeneity in a current dominated system. Deep-Sea Research 41, 835-874.
5. Connell, J.H., Orians, E., 1964. The ecological regulation of species diversity. American Naturalist 98, 399-414.
6. Corliss, B.H., Emerson, S., 1990. Distribution of rose bengal stained deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the Nova Scotian continental margin and Gulf of Maine. Deep-sea Research 37, 381-400.
7. Cosson, N., Sibuet, N., Paterson, G.L.J., Vangriesheim, A., (in press). Polychaete diversity at tropical Atlantic deep-sea sites environmental effects. Marine Ecology Progress Series.
8. Dahl, E., Laubier, L., Sibuet, M., Stromberg, J.O., 1976. Some quantitative results on benthic communities of the deep Norwegian Sea. Astarte 9, 61-79.
9. Dayton, P.K., Hessler, R.R., 1972. Role of biological disturbance in maintaining diversity in the deep sea. Deep-Sea Research 19, 199-208.
10. Desbruyerès, D., Bevas, J.Y., Khripounoff, A., 1980. Un cas de colonization rapide d'un sedimenté profond. Oceanologica Acta 3, 285-291.
11. Desbruyères, D., Deming, J., Dinet, A., Khripounoff, A., 1985. Reactions de l'écosystème benthique profond aux perturbations: nouveaux resultats expérimentaux. In: Laubier, L., Monniot, C. (Eds.), Peuplements profonds du Golfe de Gascogne. IFREMER, Brest, pp. 121-142.
12. Demaison, G.U., Moore, G.T., 1980. Anoxie environments and oil source bed genesis. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 64, 1179-1209.
13. DeMaster, D.J., Pope, R.H., Levin, L.A., Blair, N.B., 1994. Biological mixing intensity and rates of organic carbon accumulation in North Carolina slope sediments. Deep-Sea Research 41, 735-753.
14. Diaz, R.J., Rosenberg, R., 1995. Marine benthic hypoxia: a review of its ecological effects and the behavioural responses of benthic macrofauna. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review 33, 245-303.
15. Draper, N.R., Smith, H., 1981. Applied Regression Analysis. 2nd ed., Wiley and Sons, New York, p. 709.
16. Ekdale, A.A., Mason, T.R., 1988. Characteristic trace-fossil associations in oxygen-poor sedimentary environments. Geology 16, 720-723.
17. 2: Natural Variations Archean to Present, Geophysical Monograph, vol. 32, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, pp. 78-88.
18. Etter, R.J., Grassle, J.F., 1992. Patterns of species diversity in the deep sea as a function of sediment particle size diversity. Nature 360, 576-578.
19. Gage, J.D., 1977. Structure of the abyssal macrobenthic community in the Rockall Trough. In: Keegan, B.F., O'Cedigh, P., Boaden, P.J.S. (Eds.), Biology of Benthic Organisms. Pergamon, Oxford, pp. 247-260.
20. Gage, J.D., 1979. Macrobenthic community structure in the Rockall Trough. Ambio Special Report 6, 43-46.
21. Gage, J.D., 1995. Benthic community and fluxes in relation to the oxygen minimum zone in the Arabian Sea, Cruise Report: R.R.S. Discovery cruise 211/94, 9 October-11 November 1994. p. 71. Scottish Association for Marine Science, P.O. Box 3, Oban, Scotland.
22. Gage, J.D., 1996. Why are there so many species in deep-sea sediments?. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 200, 257-286.
23. Gage, J.D., 1997. High benthic species diversity in deep-sea sediments: the importance of hydrodynamics. In: Ormond, R.F.G., Gage, J.D., Angel, M.V. (Eds.), Marine Biodiversity: Patterns and Processes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 148-177.
24. Gage, J.D., Tyler, P.A., 1991. Deep-Sea Biology: a Natural History of Organisms at the Deep-Sea Floor. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 504.
25. Gooday, A.J., Turley, C.M., 1990. Responses by benthic organisms to inputs of organic material to the ocean floor: a review. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 331, 119-138.
26. Grassle, J.F., 1989. Species diversity in deep-sea communities. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 4, 12-15.
27. Grassle, J.F., Brown-Leger, L.S., Morse-Porteous, L., Petrecca, R., Williams, I., 1985. Deep-sea fauna of sediments in the vicinity of hydrothermal vents. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 6, 443-452.
28. Grassle, J.F., Grassle, J.P., 1994. Notes from the abyss: the effects of a patchy supply of organic material and larvae on soft-sediment benthic communities. In: Giller, P.S., Hildrew, A.G., Raffaelli, D.G. (Eds.), The 34th Symposium of the British Ecological Society: Aquatic Ecology: Scale, Pattern and Process.. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 499-515.
29. Grassle, J.F., Morse-Porteous, L.S., 1987. Macrofaunal colonization of disturbed deep-sea environments and the structure of deep-sea benthic communities. Deep-Sea Research 34A, 1911-1950.
30. Grassle, J.F., Sanders, H.L., 1973. Life histories and the role of disturbance. Deep-Sea Research 20, 643-659.
31. Hessler, R.R., Sanders, H.L., 1967. Faunal diversity in the deep sea. Deep-Sea Research 14, 65-78.
32. Hurlbert, S.M., 1971. The non-concept of species diversity: a critique and alternative parameters. Ecology 52, 577-586.
33. Huston, M., 1979. A general hypothesis of species diversity. The American Naturalist 113, 81-101.
34. Hyland, J., Baptiste, E., Campbell, J., Kennedy, J., Kropp, R., Williams, S., 1991. Macroinfaunal communities of the Santa Maria Basin on the California outer continental shelf and slope. Marine Ecology Progress Series 78, 147-161.
35. Jorrisen, F.J., de Stigter, H.C., Widmark, J.G.V., 1995. A conceptual model explaining benthic foraminiferal microhabitats. Marine micropaleontology 26, 3-15.
36. Jumars, P.A., 1974. Dispersion patterns and species diversity of macrobenthos in two bathyal communities. Ph.D. thesis. University of California, San Diego.
37. Jumars, P.A., Gallagher, E.D., 1982. Deep-sea community structure: three plays on the benthic proscenium. In: Ernst, W.G., Morin, J.G. (Eds.), The Environment of the Deep Sea. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp. 218-254.
38. Levin, L.A., Caswell, H., Bridges, T., DiBacco, C., Cabrera, D., Plaia, G., 1996. Demographic responses of estuarine polychaetes to pollutants: life table response experiments. Ecological Applications 6, 1295-1313.
39. Levin, L.A., Gage, J., Lamont, P., Cammidge, L., Martin, C., Patience, A., Crooks, J., 1997. Infaunal community structure in a low-oxygen, organic rich habitat on the Oman continental slope, NW Arabian Sea. In: Hawkins, L.E., Hutchinson, S. (Eds.), Responses of Marine Organisms to their Environments. Proceedings of the 30th European Marine Biology Symposium. University of Southampton, UK, pp. 1-8.
40. Levin, L.A., Huggett, C.L., Wishner, K.F., 1991. Control of deep-sea benthic community structure by oxygen and organic-matter gradients in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Journal of Marine Research 49, 763-800.
41. Levin, L.A., Leithold, E.L., Gross, T.F., Huggett, C.L., DiBacco, C., 1994a. Contrasting effects of substrate mobility on infaunal assemblages inhabiting two high-energy settings on Fieberling Guyot. Journal of Marine Research 52, 489-522.
42. Levin, L.A., Plaia, G.R., Huggett, C.L., 1994b. The influence of natural organic enhancement on life histories and community structure of bathyal polychaetes. In: Young, C.M., Eckelbarger, K.J. (Eds.), Reproduction, Larval Biology, and Recruitment of the Deep-Sea Benthos. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 261-283.
43. Milliman, J.D., 1994. Organic matter content in U.S. Atlantic continental slope sediments: Decoupling the grain-size factor. Deep-Sea Research 41, 797-808.
44. Mitchell, L., Harvey, M., Gage, J.D., Fallick, A.E., 1997. Organic carbon dynamics in shelf edge sediment off the Hebrides: a seasonal perspective. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie 82, 425-435.
45. Mitchell, L., Gage, J.D., Fallick, A.E., Stewart, A., 1996. Benthic fluxes on the Hebridean shelf edge. In: Botrell, S.H. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on the Earth's Surface, July 1996, Ilkley, U.K. International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, University of Leeds, pp. 92-95.
46. Paterson, G.L.J., Lambshead, P.J.D., 1995. Bathymetric patterns of polychaete diversity in the Rockall Trough, northeast Atlantic. Deep-Sea Research 42, 1199-1214.
47. Patience, A.J. and Gage, J.D., 1996. Sediment biogeochemical proxies at the Oman margin oxygen minimum zone. In: Botrell, S.H. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on the Earth's Surface, July 1996, Ilkley, U.K. International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, University of Leeds, pp. 105-108.
48. Pearson, T.H., Rosenberg, R., 1978. Macrobenthic succession in relation to organic enrichment and pollution of the marine environment. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review 16, 229-311.
49. Pineda, J., 1993. Boundary effects on the vertical ranges of deep-sea species. Deep-Sea Research 40, 2179-2192.
50. Rathburn, A.E., Corliss, B.H., 1994. The ecology of living (stained) deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the Sulu Sea. Paleoceanography 9, 87-150.
51. Rex, M.A., 1981. Community structure in the deep-sea benthos. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 12, 331-353.
52. Rex, M.A., 1983. Geographical patterns of species diversity in the deep-sea benthos. In: Rowe, G.T. (Ed.), The Sea, vol. 8, Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp. 453-472.
53. Rex, M.A., Stuart, C., Etter, R.J., 1997. Large-scale patterns of species diversity in the deep-sea benthos. In: Ormond, R.J.A., Gage, J.D., Angel, M.V. (Eds.), Marine Biodiversity: Causes and Consequences. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 94-121.
54. Rex, M.A., Stuart, C.T., Hessler, R.R., Allen, J.A., Sanders, H.L., Wilson, G.D.F., 1993. Global-scale latitudinal patterns of species diversity in the deep-sea benthos. Nature 365, 636-639.
55. Rhoads, D.C., Morse, J.W., 1971. Evolutionary and ecologic significance of oxygen-deficient marine basins. Lethaia 4, 413-428.
56. Rice, A.L., Lambshead, P.J.D., 1994. Patch dynamics in the deep-sea benthos: the role of a heterogeneous supply of organic matter. In: Giller, P.S., Hildrew, A.G., Raffaelli, D.G. (Eds.), Aquatic Ecology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 469-497.
57. Rosenzweig, M.L., 1995. Species Diversity in Space and Time. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 436.
58. Rosenzweig, M.L., Abramsky, H., 1993. How are diversity and productivity related?. In: Ricklef, R.E., Schluter, D. (Eds.), Species Diversity in Ecological Communities: Historical and Geographical Perspectives. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 53-65.
59. Sanders, H.L., 1968. Marine benthic diversity: a comparative study. American Naturalist 102, 243-282.
60. Sanders, H.L., 1969. Benthic marine diversity and the stability-time hypothesis. Brookhaven Symposia on Biology 22, 71-81.
61. Sanders, H.L., Hessler, R.R., 1969. Ecology of the deep-sea benthos. Nature 163, 1419-1424.
62. SAS Institute, Incorporated, 1989. JMP User's Guide, Version 2. SAS Institute, Inc. Gary, NC, 584pp.
63. Savrda, C.E., Bottjer, D.J., 1991. Oxygen-related biofacies in marine strata: an overview and update. In: Tyson, R.V., Pearson, T.H. (Eds.), Modern and Ancient Continental Shelf Anoxia. The Geological Society of London, London, pp. 201-219.
64. Schaff, T., Levin, L., Blair, N., DeMaster, D., Pope, R., Boehme, S., 1992. Spatial heterogeneity of benthos on the Carolina continental slope: Large (100 km)-scale variation. Marine Ecology Progress Series 88, 143-160.
65. Sen Gupta, B.K., Machain-Castillo, M.O., 1993. Benthic forammfera in oxygen-poor habitats. Marine Micropaleontology 20, 183-201.
66. Smith, C.R., 1983. Enrichment, disturbance and deep-sea community structure: the significance of large organic falls to bathyal benthos in Santa Catalina Basin. Ph.D. thesis. University of California, San Diego.
67. Smith, C.R., 1986. Nekton falls, low-intensity disturbance and community structure of infaunal benthos in the deep sea. Journal of Marine Research 44, 567-600.
68. Smith, C.R., Maybaum, H.L., Baco, A.R., Pope, R.H., Carpenter, S.D., Yager, P.L., Macko, S.D., Deming, J.W., 1998. Sediment community structure around a whole skeleton in the deep northeast pacific: macrofaunal, microbial and bioturbation effects. Deep-Sea Research II 45 (1-3), 335-364.
69. Smith, C.R., Berelson, W., DeMaster, D.J., Dobbs, F.C., Hammond, D., Hoover, D.J., Pope, R.H., Stephens, M., in press. Latitudinal variations in benthic processes in the abyssal equatorial Pacific: control by biogenic particle flux. Deep-Sea Research II.
70. Snelgrove, P.V.R., Butman, C.A., 1994. Animal-sediment relationships revisited: cause versus effect. Oceanography and Marine Biology 32, 111-177.
71. Snelgrove, P.V.R., Grassle, J.F., Petrecca, R.F., 1992. The role of food patches in maintaining high deep-sea diversity: field experiments with hydrodynamically unbiased colonization trays. Limnology and Oceanography 37, 1543-1550.
72. Snelgrove, P.V.R., Grassle, J.F., Petrecca, R.F., 1996. Experimental evidence for aging food patches as a factor contributing to high deep-sea macrofaunal diversity. Limnology and Oceanography 41, 605-614.
73. Tarazona, J., Salzwedel, H., Arntz, W., 1988. Positive effects of "El Nino" on macrozoobenthos inhabiting hypoxic areas of the Peruvian upwelling system. Oecologia 76, 184-190.
74. Thistle, D., 1978. Harpacticoid dispersion patterns: implications for deep-sea diversity maintenance. Journal of Marine Research 36, 377-395.
75. Thistle, D., Ertman, S.C., Fauchald, K., 1991. The fauna of the HEBBLE site: patterns in the standing stock and sediment-dynamic effects. Marine Geology 99, 413-422.
76. Thistle, D., Yingst, J.Y., Fauchald, K., 1985. A deep-sea benthic community exposed to strong bottom currents on the Scotian Rise. Marine Geology 66, 91-112.
77. Tyson, R.V., Pearson, T.H., 1991. Modern and ancient continental shelf anoxia: an overview. In: Tyson, R.V., Pearson, T.H. (Eds.), Modern and Ancient Continental Shelf Anoxia. Geol. Soc. Special Publications No. 58, London, pp. 1-24.
78. Vetter, E.W., Dayton, P.K., 1998. Effects of detrital enrichment on macrofaunal communities in submarine canyons. Deep-Sea Research II 45 (1-3), 25-54.
79. Watts, M.C., Etter, R.J., Rex, M.A., 1992. Effects of spatial and temporal scale on the relationship of the surface pigment biomass to community structure in the deep-sea benthos. In: Rowe, G.T., Pariente, G.T. (Eds.), Deep-Sea Food Chains and the Global Carbon Cycle. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands, pp. 245-254.
80. Wheatcroft, R.A., 1989. Dynamics of surficial trace assemblages in the deep sea. Deep-Sea Research 36, 71-91.
81. Wilson, G.D.F., 1998. Historical influences on deep-sea isopod diversity in the Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research II 45 (1-3), 279-302.
82. Wright, D.H., Currie, D.J., Maurer, B.A., 1993. Energy supply and patterns of species richness on local and regional scales. In: Ricklef, R.E., Schluter, D. (Eds.), Species Diversity in Ecological Communities: Historical and Geographical Perspectives. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 66-74.