Influence of sea surface temperatures on air temperatures in the tropics

Climate Dynamics

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 275-290

  Wu, Z X ^a,b   Newell, R E ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b EARTH TECH Infrastructure Services   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR TEMPERATURE; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPICS; TROPOSPHERE;

PACIFIC, (TROPICAL EAST);

EID: 0031869725     PISSN: 09307575     EISSN: 14320894     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s003820050223     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Bailey NT (1959) Statistical methods in biology. John Wiley, New York
2. Boer GJ (1989) Concerning the response of the atmosphere to a tropical sea surface temperature anomaly. J Atmos Sci 46: 1898-1921
3. Bottomley M, Folland CK, Hsiung J, Newell RE, Parker DE (1990) Global ocean surface temperature atlas (GOSTA). UK Meteorological Office, Bracknell, Berks., UK
4. Cardone VJ, Greenwood JG, Cane M (1990) On trends in the historical marine wind data. J Clim 3:113-127
5. Chou M-D (1986) Atmospheric solar heating rate in the water vapor bands. J Clim Appl Meteorol 25:1532-1542
6. 2 infrared transmission functions. J Atmos Sci 50:2294-2303
7. Cornejo-Garrido AG, Stone PH (1977) On the heat balance of the Walker circulation. J Atmos Sci 34:1155-1162
8. Gill AE (1980) Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation. QJR Meteorol Soc 106:447-462
9. Hsiung J (1986) Mean surface energy fluxes over the global ocean. J Geophys Res 91:10585-10606
10. Hsiung J, Newell RE (1983) The principal nonseasonal modes of variation of global sea surface temperature. J Phys Oceanogr 13:1959-1967
11. Hu W, Newell RE, Wu Z-X (1994) Modes of variability of global sea surface temperature, free atmosphere temperature and oceanic surface energy flux. Clim Dyn 10:377-393
12. Jenne RL, Crutcher HL (1976) Monthly rawinsonde data: climate report. NCAR, Boulder, CO
13. Kalnay E and 21 others (1996) The NCEP/NCAR 40-year Reanalysis Project. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 77:437-471
14. Kushnir Y (1994) Interdecadal variations in the North Atlantic sea surface temperature and associated atmospheric conditions. J Clim 7:141-157
15. Liu WT, Tang W, Niiler PP (1991) Humidity profiles over the ocean. J Clim 4:1023-1034
16. Manabe S, Wetherald RT (1967) Thermal equlibrium of the atmosphere with a given distribution of relative humidity. J Atmos Sci 24:241-259
17. Matsuno T (1966) Quasi-geostrophic motions in the equatorial area. J Meteorol Soc Jpn 44:25-43
18. Neelin D (1988) A simple model for surface stress and low-level flow in the tropical atmosphere driven by prescribed heating. Q J R Meteorol Soc 114:747-770
19. Newell RE, Weare BC (1976) Ocean temperature and large scale atmospheric variations. Nature 262:40-41
20. Newell RE, Wu Z-X (1992) The interrelationship between temperature changes in the free atmosphere and sea surface temperature changes. J Geophys Res 97:3693-3710
21. Newell RE, Zhu Y, Read WG, Waters JW (1997) Relationship between tropical upper tropospheric moisture and eastern tropical Pacific sea surface temperature at seasonal and interannual time scales. Geophys Res Lett 24:25-28
22. Philander SG (1990) El Niño, La Nina and the Southern Oscillation. Academic Press, New York
23. Philander SG, Yamagata T, Pacanowski RC (1984) Unstable air-sea interactions in the tropics. J Atmos Sci 41:604-613
24. Pierrehumbert RT (1995) Thermostats, radiator fins, and the local runaway greenhouse. J Atmos Sci 52:1784-1806
25. Poore KD, Wang J-H, Rossow WB (1995) Cloud layer thickness from a combination of surface and upper-air observations. J Clim 8:550-568
26. Ramage CS (1987) Secular changes in the reported surface wind speed over the ocean. J Clim Appl Meteorol 26:525-528
27. Ropelewski CF, Halpert MS (1987) Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with the Southern Oscillation. Mon Weather Rev 115:1606-1626
28. Rossow WB, Schiffer RA (1991) ISCCP cloud data products. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 72:2-20
29. Rossow WB, Zhang Y-C (1995) Calculation of surface and top of atmosphere radiative fluxes from physical quantities based on ISCCP data sets, 2. Validation and first results. J Geophys Res 100:1167-1197
30. Smith WL (1966) Note on the relationship between total precipitable water and surface dew point. J Appl Meteorol 5:726-727
31. Soden BJ, Fu R (1995) A satellite analysis of deep convection, upper-troposphere humidity, and the greenhouse effect. J Clim 8:2333-2351
32. Spencer RW, Christy JR (1990) Precise monitoring of global temperature trend from satellites. Science 247:1558-1562
33. Stephens G (1990) On the relationship between water vapor over the oceans and sea surface temperature. J Clim 3:634-645
34. Ward MN, Hoskins BJ (1996) Near-surface wind over the global ocean 1949-1988. J Clim 9:1877-1895
35. Weare BC (1986) A simple model of the tropical atmosphere driven by a circulation-dependent forcing. QJR Meteorol Soc 112: 409-429
36. Weare BC, Navato AR, Newell RE (1976) Empirical orthogonal analysis of Pacific sea surface temperature. J Phys Oceanogr 6:671-678
37. Woodruff SD, Slutz RL, Jenne RL, Steurer PM (1987) A comprehensive ocean atmosphere data set. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 68:1239-1250
38. Zebiak SE (1982) A simple atmospheric model of relevance to El Nino. J Atmos Sci 39:2017-2027
39. Zebiak SE (1986) Atmospheric convergence feedback in a simple model for El Nino. Mon Weather Rev 114:1263-1271
40. Zebiak SE (1990) Diagnostic studies of Pacific surface winds. J Clim 3:1016-1031
41. Zebiak SE, Cane MA (1987) A model El Niño-southern oscillation. Mon Weather Rev 115:2262-2278