메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 106, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 231-238

Genetic influences on smoking: Candidate genes

Author keywords

Addiction; Dopamine; Genetic factors; Nicotine; Smoking

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; COCAINE; DOPAMINE; NICOTINE; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR; OPIATE;

EID: 0031867741     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.98106231     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (63)

References (148)
  • 2
    • 0028923773 scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in sensitivity to nicotine: Implications for genetic research on nicotine dependence
    • Pomerleau OF. Individual differences in sensitivity to nicotine: implications for genetic research on nicotine dependence. Behav Genet 25:161-177 (1995).
    • (1995) Behav Genet , vol.25 , pp. 161-177
    • Pomerleau, O.F.1
  • 3
    • 0022908810 scopus 로고
    • Genetics of smoking: A brief review
    • Hughes JR. Genetics of smoking: a brief review. Behav Ther 17:335-345 (1986).
    • (1986) Behav Ther , vol.17 , pp. 335-345
    • Hughes, J.R.1
  • 4
    • 0026727976 scopus 로고
    • Genetic influence on smoking-a study of male twins
    • Carmelli D, Swan GE, Robinette D, Fabsitz R. Genetic influence on smoking-a study of male twins. N Engl J Med 327(12):829-833 (1992).
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.327 , Issue.12 , pp. 829-833
    • Carmelli, D.1    Swan, G.E.2    Robinette, D.3    Fabsitz, R.4
  • 5
    • 0027478680 scopus 로고
    • Genetic models for the natural history of smoking: Evidence for a genetic influence on smoking persistence
    • Heath AC, Martin NG. Genetic models for the natural history of smoking: Evidence for a genetic influence on smoking persistence. Addict Behav 18:19-34 (1993).
    • (1993) Addict Behav , vol.18 , pp. 19-34
    • Heath, A.C.1    Martin, N.G.2
  • 6
    • 0027767326 scopus 로고
    • Genetic contribution to risk of smoking initiation: Comparisons across birth cohorts and across cultures
    • Heath AC, Gates R, Martin NG, Meyer J, Hewitt JK, Neale MC, Eaves LJ. Genetic contribution to risk of smoking initiation: comparisons across birth cohorts and across cultures. J Subst Abuse 5:221-246 (1993).
    • (1993) J Subst Abuse , vol.5 , pp. 221-246
    • Heath, A.C.1    Gates, R.2    Martin, N.G.3    Meyer, J.4    Hewitt, J.K.5    Neale, M.C.6    Eaves, L.J.7
  • 7
    • 0029067207 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for genetic influences on smoking in adult women twins
    • Edwards KL, Austin MA, Jarvik GP. Evidence for genetic influences on smoking in adult women twins. Clin Genet 47:236-244 (1995).
    • (1995) Clin Genet , vol.47 , pp. 236-244
    • Edwards, K.L.1    Austin, M.A.2    Jarvik, G.P.3
  • 8
    • 0029943635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of nicotine on the nucleus accumbens and similarity to those of addictive drugs
    • Pontieri FE, Tanda G, Orzi F, Di Chiara G. Effects of nicotine on the nucleus accumbens and similarity to those of addictive drugs. Nature 382:255-257 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 255-257
    • Pontieri, F.E.1    Tanda, G.2    Orzi, F.3    Di Chiara, G.4
  • 9
    • 0029888444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiology of addiction
    • Wise RA. Neurobiology of addiction. Curr Opin Neurobiol 6:243-251 (1996).
    • (1996) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.6 , pp. 243-251
    • Wise, R.A.1
  • 10
    • 0028952302 scopus 로고
    • Nicotine dependence, midbrain dopamine systems and psychiatric disorders
    • Nisell M, Nomikos GG, Svensson TH. Nicotine dependence, midbrain dopamine systems and psychiatric disorders. Pharmacol Toxicol 76:157-162 (1995).
    • (1995) Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.76 , pp. 157-162
    • Nisell, M.1    Nomikos, G.G.2    Svensson, T.H.3
  • 11
    • 0031030483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine self-administration in animals and humans: Similarities and differences
    • Rose JE, Corrigall WA, Nicotine self-administration in animals and humans: similarities and differences. Psychopharmacology 130:28-40 (1997).
    • (1997) Psychopharmacology , vol.130 , pp. 28-40
    • Rose, J.E.1    Corrigall, W.A.2
  • 13
    • 0027418123 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of dopamine receptors by bupropion: Comparison with antidepressants and CNS stimulants
    • Vassout A, Bruinink A, Krauss J, Waldmeier P, Bischoff S. Regulation of dopamine receptors by bupropion: comparison with antidepressants and CNS stimulants. J Recept Res 13:341-354(1993).
    • (1993) J Recept Res , vol.13 , pp. 341-354
    • Vassout, A.1    Bruinink, A.2    Krauss, J.3    Waldmeier, P.4    Bischoff, S.5
  • 14
    • 85077296962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two products join ranks of smoking cessation treatments
    • Anonymous. Two products join ranks of smoking cessation treatments. Am J Health Syst Pharm 54:1478 (1997).
    • (1997) Am J Health Syst Pharm , vol.54 , pp. 1478
  • 15
    • 0030338364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct analysis of candidate genes in impulsive behaviours
    • Goldman D, Lappalainen J, Ozaki N. Direct analysis of candidate genes in impulsive behaviours. Ciba Found Symp 194:139-154 (1996).
    • (1996) Ciba Found Symp , vol.194 , pp. 139-154
    • Goldman, D.1    Lappalainen, J.2    Ozaki, N.3
  • 16
    • 0029688443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic factors in drug abuse and dependence
    • Comings DE. Genetic factors in drug abuse and dependence. NIDA Res Monogr 159:16-48 (1996).
    • (1996) NIDA Res Monogr , vol.159 , pp. 16-48
    • Comings, D.E.1
  • 18
    • 0030055279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and coffee in Caucasian male twins: A multivariate genetic analysis
    • Swan GE, Carmelli D, Cardon LR. The consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and coffee in Caucasian male twins: a multivariate genetic analysis. J Subst Abuse 8(1):19-31(1996).
    • (1996) J Subst Abuse , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-31
    • Swan, G.E.1    Carmelli, D.2    Cardon, L.R.3
  • 19
    • 1642421760 scopus 로고
    • Genetic influence on smoking
    • Austin MA, Newman B. Genetic influence on smoking. N Engl J Med 328(5):353 (1993).
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , Issue.5 , pp. 353
    • Austin, M.A.1    Newman, B.2
  • 20
    • 0031065219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunotherapy for cocaine addiction
    • Landry DW. Immunotherapy for cocaine addiction. Sci Am 276:42-45 (1997).
    • (1997) Sci am , vol.276 , pp. 42-45
    • Landry, D.W.1
  • 21
    • 0343933624 scopus 로고
    • Drugs abused by humans preferentially increase synaptic dopamine concentrations in the mesolimbic system of freely moving rats
    • Di Chiara G, Imperato A, Drugs abused by humans preferentially increase synaptic dopamine concentrations in the mesolimbic system of freely moving rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:5274-5278 (1988).
    • (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.85 , pp. 5274-5278
    • Di Chiara, G.1    Imperato, A.2
  • 22
    • 0029995617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobehavioural mechanisms of reward and motivation
    • Robbins TW, Everitt BJ. Neurobehavioural mechanisms of reward and motivation. Curr Opin Neurobiol 6:228-236 (1996).
    • (1996) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.6 , pp. 228-236
    • Robbins, T.W.1    Everitt, B.J.2
  • 24
    • 0028937950 scopus 로고
    • 2 dopamine receptor A1 allele. Nature Med 1:337-341 (1995).
    • (1995) Nature Med , vol.1 , pp. 337-341
    • Allele, A.1
  • 25
    • 0030995538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic analyses of complex behavioral disorders
    • Uhl GR, Gold LH, Risch N, Genetic analyses of complex behavioral disorders. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:2785-2786 (1997).
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 2785-2786
    • Uhl, G.R.1    Gold, L.H.2    Risch, N.3
  • 26
    • 0029442502 scopus 로고
    • Candidate genes in alcoholism
    • Goldman D, Candidate genes in alcoholism. Clin Neuroscience 3:174-181 (1995).
    • (1995) Clin Neuroscience , vol.3 , pp. 174-181
    • Goldman, D.1
  • 28
    • 0030033685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population and familial association between the D4 dopamine receptor gene and measures of novelty seeking
    • Benjamin J, Li L, Patterson C, Greenberg BD, Murphy DL, Hamer DH. Population and familial association between the D4 dopamine receptor gene and measures of novelty seeking. Nature Genet 12:81-84 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature Genet , vol.12 , pp. 81-84
    • Benjamin, J.1    Li, L.2    Patterson, C.3    Greenberg, B.D.4    Murphy, D.L.5    Hamer, D.H.6
  • 29
    • 0029953564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular aspects of nicotine abuse
    • Dani JA, Heinemann S, Molecular and cellular aspects of nicotine abuse. Neuron 16:905-908 (1996).
    • (1996) Neuron , vol.16 , pp. 905-908
    • Dani, J.A.1    Heinemann, S.2
  • 31
    • 0025177621 scopus 로고
    • Mesolimbic dopamine activation-the key to nicotine reinforcement?
    • Clarke PBS. Mesolimbic dopamine activation-the key to nicotine reinforcement? Ciba Found Symp 152:153-168 (1990).
    • (1990) Ciba Found Symp , vol.152 , pp. 153-168
    • Clarke, P.B.S.1
  • 32
    • 0027535205 scopus 로고
    • Mofecular characterization of the dopamine transporter
    • Giros B, Caron MG. Mofecular characterization of the dopamine transporter. Trends Pharmacol Sci 14:43-49 (1993).
    • (1993) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.14 , pp. 43-49
    • Giros, B.1    Caron, M.G.2
  • 33
    • 0029078869 scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and protection from Parkinson's disease: False association or etiologic clue?
    • Morens DM, Grandinetti A, Reed D, White LR, Ross GW. Cigarette smoking and protection from Parkinson's disease: false association or etiologic clue? Neurology 45:1041-1051 (1995).
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , pp. 1041-1051
    • Morens, D.M.1    Grandinetti, A.2    Reed, D.3    White, L.R.4    Ross, G.W.5
  • 35
    • 0029955936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology of nicotine and its therapeutic use in smoking cessation and neurodegenerative disorders
    • Balfour DJ, Fagerstrom KO. Pharmacology of nicotine and its therapeutic use in smoking cessation and neurodegenerative disorders. Pharmacol Ther 72:51-81 (1996).
    • (1996) Pharmacol Ther , vol.72 , pp. 51-81
    • Balfour, D.J.1    Fagerstrom, K.O.2
  • 38
    • 0031104698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine synthesis, uptake, metabolism, and receptors: Relevance to gene therapy of Parkinson's disease
    • Elsworth JD, Roth RH. Dopamine synthesis, uptake, metabolism, and receptors: relevance to gene therapy of Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 1144:4-9 (1997).
    • (1997) Exp Neurol , vol.1144 , pp. 4-9
    • Elsworth, J.D.1    Roth, R.H.2
  • 41
    • 0029953318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manicdepressive illness and tyryosine hydroxylase markers
    • for the Bipolar Disorder Working Group
    • Todd RD, Lobos EA, Parsian A, Simpson S, DePaulo JR, for the Bipolar Disorder Working Group. Manicdepressive illness and tyryosine hydroxylase markers. Lancet 347:1634 (1996).
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.347 , pp. 1634
    • Todd, R.D.1    Lobos, E.A.2    Parsian, A.3    Simpson, S.4    Depaulo, J.R.5
  • 43
    • 0029034352 scopus 로고
    • No evidence of linkage or association between tyrosine hydroxylase gene and affective disorder
    • Kawada Y, Hattori M, Fukuda R, Arai H, Inoue R, Nanko S. No evidence of linkage or association between tyrosine hydroxylase gene and affective disorder. J Affect Disord 34:89-94 (1995).
    • (1995) J Affect Disord , vol.34 , pp. 89-94
    • Kawada, Y.1    Hattori, M.2    Fukuda, R.3    Arai, H.4    Inoue, R.5    Nanko, S.6
  • 44
    • 0030586838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excess tyrosine hydroxylase restriction fragment length polymorphism homozygosity in unipolar but not bipolar patients: A preliminary report
    • Souery D, Lipp O, Mahieu B, Mendelbaum K, De Bruyn A, De Maertelaer V, Van Broeckhoven C, Mendlewicz J. Excess tyrosine hydroxylase restriction fragment length polymorphism homozygosity in unipolar but not bipolar patients: a preliminary report. Biol Psych 40:305-308 (1996).
    • (1996) Biol Psych , vol.40 , pp. 305-308
    • Souery, D.1    Lipp, O.2    Mahieu, B.3    Mendelbaum, K.4    De Bruyn, A.5    De Maertelaer, V.6    Van Broeckhoven, C.7    Mendlewicz, J.8
  • 45
    • 0031588718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of DNA polymorphism in the first intron of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene with disturbances of the catecholaminergic system in schizophrenia
    • Thibaut F, Ribeye JM, Dourmap N, Meloni R, Laurent C, Campion D, Menard JF, Dollfus S, Mallet J, Petit M. Association of DNA polymorphism in the first intron of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene with disturbances of the catecholaminergic system in schizophrenia. Schizophren Res 23:253-264 (1997).
    • (1997) Schizophren Res , vol.23 , pp. 253-264
    • Thibaut, F.1    Ribeye, J.M.2    Dourmap, N.3    Meloni, R.4    Laurent, C.5    Campion, D.6    Menard, J.F.7    Dollfus, S.8    Mallet, J.9    Petit, M.10
  • 48
    • 0025821074 scopus 로고
    • Tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism at the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene (TH)
    • Polymeropoulos MH, Xiao H, Rath OS, Merril CR. Tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism at the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene (TH). Nucleic Acids Res 19:3753 (1991).
    • (1991) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.19 , pp. 3753
    • Polymeropoulos, M.H.1    Xiao, H.2    Rath, O.S.3    Merril, C.R.4
  • 49
    • 0029827459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association study of bipolar disorder with candidate genes involved in catecholamine neurotransmission: DRD2, DRD3, DAT1, and TH genes
    • Souery D, Lipp O, Mahieu B, Mendelbaum K, De Maertelaer V, Van Broeckhoven C, Mendlewicz J. Association study of bipolar disorder with candidate genes involved in catecholamine neurotransmission: DRD2, DRD3, DAT1, and TH genes. Am J Med Genet 67:551-555 (1996).
    • (1996) Am J Med Genet , vol.67 , pp. 551-555
    • Souery, D.1    Lipp, O.2    Mahieu, B.3    Mendelbaum, K.4    De Maertelaer, V.5    Van Broeckhoven, C.6    Mendlewicz, J.7
  • 50
    • 0028938495 scopus 로고
    • Association of manicdepressive illness with tyrosine hydroxylase microsatellite marker
    • Meloni R, Leboyer M, Bellivier F. Association of manicdepressive illness with tyrosine hydroxylase microsatellite marker. Lancet 345:932 (1995).
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.345 , pp. 932
    • Meloni, R.1    Leboyer, M.2    Bellivier, F.3
  • 51
    • 0029062529 scopus 로고
    • Frequent sequence variant in the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene
    • Ludecke B, Bartholome K. Frequent sequence variant in the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene. Hum Genet 95:716 (1995).
    • (1995) Hum Genet , vol.95 , pp. 716
    • Ludecke, B.1    Bartholome, K.2
  • 52
    • 0030016649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manic-depressive illness and tyrosine hydroxylase gene
    • Kunugi H, Kawada Y, Tatsumi M, Sasaki T, Nanko S. Manic-depressive illness and tyrosine hydroxylase gene, Lancet 348:336 (1996).
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 336
    • Kunugi, H.1    Kawada, Y.2    Tatsumi, M.3    Sasaki, T.4    Nanko, S.5
  • 53
    • 0027979323 scopus 로고
    • Molecular, functional and biochemical characteristics of the dopamine transporter: Regional differences and clinical relevance
    • Hitri A, Hurd YL, Wyatt RJ, Deutsch SI. Molecular, functional and biochemical characteristics of the dopamine transporter: regional differences and clinical relevance. Clin Neuropharmacol 17:1-22 (1994).
    • (1994) Clin Neuropharmacol , vol.17 , pp. 1-22
    • Hitri, A.1    Hurd, Y.L.2    Wyatt, R.J.3    Deutsch, S.I.4
  • 55
    • 0031081813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allelic association of a dopamine transporter gene polymorphism in alcohol dependence with withdrawal seizures or delirium
    • Sander T, Harms H, Podschus J, Finckh U, Nickel B, Rolfs A, Rommelspacher H, Schmidt LG. Allelic association of a dopamine transporter gene polymorphism in alcohol dependence with withdrawal seizures or delirium. Biol Psychiatry 41:299-304 (1997).
    • (1997) Biol Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 299-304
    • Sander, T.1    Harms, H.2    Podschus, J.3    Finckh, U.4    Nickel, B.5    Rolfs, A.6    Rommelspacher, H.7    Schmidt, L.G.8
  • 56
    • 0031032252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotypic association between dopamine transporter gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia
    • Persico AM, Macciardi F, Genotypic association between dopamine transporter gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet 74:53-57 (1997).
    • (1997) Am J Med Genet , vol.74 , pp. 53-57
    • Persico, A.M.1    Macciardi, F.2
  • 58
    • 0028042409 scopus 로고
    • Genetic association between dopamine transporter protein alleles and cocaine-induced paranoia
    • Gelernter J, Kranzler HR, Satel SL, Rao PA. Genetic association between dopamine transporter protein alleles and cocaine-induced paranoia. Neuropsychopharmacology 11:195-200 (1994).
    • (1994) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.11 , pp. 195-200
    • Gelernter, J.1    Kranzler, H.R.2    Satel, S.L.3    Rao, P.A.4
  • 59
    • 2542507783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of four candidate genes encoding proteins of the dopamine pathway in familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease: Evidence for association of a DRD2 allele
    • Plante-Bordeneuve V, Taussig D, Thomas F, Said G, Wood NW, Marsden CD, Harding AE. Evaluation of four candidate genes encoding proteins of the dopamine pathway in familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease: evidence for association of a DRD2 allele. Neurology 48:1589-1593 (1997).
    • (1997) Neurology , vol.48 , pp. 1589-1593
    • Plante-Bordeneuve, V.1    Taussig, D.2    Thomas, F.3    Said, G.4    Wood, N.W.5    Marsden, C.D.6    Harding, A.E.7
  • 60
    • 0002894642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetics of smoking: The dopamine receptor transporter (DAT) polymorphisms in a smoking cessation study
    • Caporaso NE, Lerman C, Main D, Audrain J, Boyd NR, Bowman E, Shields P. The genetics of smoking: the dopamine receptor transporter (DAT) polymorphisms in a smoking cessation study [abstract]. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 38:166-169 (1997).
    • (1997) Proc am Assoc Cancer Res , vol.38 , pp. 166-169
    • Caporaso, N.E.1    Lerman, C.2    Main, D.3    Audrain, J.4    Boyd, N.R.5    Bowman, E.6    Shields, P.7
  • 62
    • 0027401068 scopus 로고
    • New insights into dopamine receptors in the central nervous system
    • Strange PG. New insights into dopamine receptors in the central nervous system. Neurochem Int 22:223-236 (1993).
    • (1993) Neurochem int , vol.22 , pp. 223-236
    • Strange, P.G.1
  • 64
    • 0024465007 scopus 로고
    • Subtypes of dopamine receptors involved in the mechanism of reinforcement
    • Nakajima S. Subtypes of dopamine receptors involved in the mechanism of reinforcement. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 13:123-128 (1989).
    • (1989) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.13 , pp. 123-128
    • Nakajima, S.1
  • 65
    • 0031106236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New strategies with dopaminergic drugs: Modified formulations of levodopa and novel agonists
    • Goetz CG. New strategies with dopaminergic drugs: Modified formulations of levodopa and novel agonists. Exp Neurol 144:17-20 (1997).
    • (1997) Exp Neurol , vol.144 , pp. 17-20
    • Goetz, C.G.1
  • 66
    • 23444436362 scopus 로고
    • Detection of four polymorphic sites in the human dopemine D1 receptor gene (DRD1)
    • Cichon S, Nothen MM, Erdmann J, Propping P. Detection of four polymorphic sites in the human dopemine D1 receptor gene (DRD1). Hum Mol Genet 3:209(1994).
    • (1994) Hum Mol Genet , vol.3 , pp. 209
    • Cichon, S.1    Nothen, M.M.2    Erdmann, J.3    Propping, P.4
  • 67
    • 0028907721 scopus 로고
    • Screening the dopamine D1 receptor gene in 131 schizophrenics and eight alcoholics: Identification of polymorphisms but lack of functionally significant sequence changes
    • Liu Q, Sobell JL, Heston LL, Sommer SS. Screening the dopamine D1 receptor gene in 131 schizophrenics and eight alcoholics: identification of polymorphisms but lack of functionally significant sequence changes. Am J Med Genet 60:165-171 (1995).
    • (1995) Am J Med Genet , vol.60 , pp. 165-171
    • Liu, Q.1    Sobell, J.L.2    Heston, L.L.3    Sommer, S.S.4
  • 68
    • 0029681133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic screening for mutations in the 5;-regulatory region of the human dopamine D-1 receptor (DRD1) gene in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar effective disorder
    • Cichon S, Nothen MM, Stober G, Schroers R, Albus M, Maier W, Rietschel M, Korner J, Weigelt B, Franzek E, et al. Systematic screening for mutations in the 5;-regulatory region of the human dopamine D-1 receptor (DRD1) gene in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar effective disorder. Am J Med Genet 67:424-428 (1996).
    • (1996) Am J Med Genet , vol.67 , pp. 424-428
    • Cichon, S.1    Nothen, M.M.2    Stober, G.3    Schroers, R.4    Albus, M.5    Maier, W.6    Rietschel, M.7    Korner, J.8    Weigelt, B.9    Franzek, E.10
  • 73
    • 0030933979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the dopamine D2 receptor gene is associated with schizophrenia
    • Arinami T, Gao M, Hamaguchi H, Toru M. A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the dopamine D2 receptor gene is associated with schizophrenia. Human Mol Genet 6:577-582 (1997).
    • (1997) Human Mol Genet , vol.6 , pp. 577-582
    • Arinami, T.1    Gao, M.2    Hamaguchi, H.3    Toru, M.4
  • 75
    • 0000890444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcoholism and the dopaminergic system: A review
    • Noble EP. Alcoholism and the dopaminergic system: a review. Addict Biol 1:333-348 (1996).
    • (1996) Addict Biol , vol.1 , pp. 333-348
    • Noble, E.P.1
  • 76
    • 0029643589 scopus 로고
    • What can the DRD2/alcoholism story teach us about association studies in psychiatric genetics?
    • Neiswanger K, Kaplan BB, Hill SY. What can the DRD2/alcoholism story teach us about association studies in psychiatric genetics? Am J Med Genet 60:272-275 (1995).
    • (1995) Am J Med Genet , vol.60 , pp. 272-275
    • Neiswanger, K.1    Kaplan, B.B.2    Hill, S.Y.3
  • 78
    • 0029006018 scopus 로고
    • Dopamine D2 receptor gene variants: Association and linkage studies in impulsive-addictive-compulsive behavior
    • Blum K, Sheridan PJ, Wood RC, Braverman ER, Chen TJH, Comings DE. Dopamine D2 receptor gene variants: Association and linkage studies in impulsive-addictive-compulsive behavior. Pharmacogenetics 5:121-141 (1995).
    • (1995) Pharmacogenetics , vol.5 , pp. 121-141
    • Blum, K.1    Sheridan, P.J.2    Wood, R.C.3    Braverman, E.R.4    Chen, T.J.H.5    Comings, D.E.6
  • 79
    • 0029982411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms and vulnerability to substance abuse in African Americans
    • Berrettini WH, Persico AM. Dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms and vulnerability to substance abuse in African Americans. Biol Psychiatry 40:144-147 (1996).
    • (1996) Biol Psychiatry , vol.40 , pp. 144-147
    • Berrettini, W.H.1    Persico, A.M.2
  • 84
    • 0029121804 scopus 로고
    • Bromocriptine in the treatment of alcoholics. Reply to letter
    • Noble EP, Lawford BR, Syndulko K. Bromocriptine in the treatment of alcoholics. Reply to letter. Nature Med 1:720-721 (1995).
    • (1995) Nature Med , vol.1 , pp. 720-721
    • Noble, E.P.1    Lawford, B.R.2    Syndulko, K.3
  • 93
    • 0029817058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No evidence of association between structural polymorphism at the dopamine D3 receptor locus and alcoholism in the Japanese
    • Higuchi S, Muramatsu T, Matsushita S, Murayama M. No evidence of association between structural polymorphism at the dopamine D3 receptor locus and alcoholism in the Japanese. Am J Med Genet 67:412-414 (1996).
    • (1996) Am J Med Genet , vol.67 , pp. 412-414
    • Higuchi, S.1    Muramatsu, T.2    Matsushita, S.3    Murayama, M.4
  • 97
    • 0029942216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus
    • Chang F-M, Kidd JR, Livak KJ, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus. Hum Genet 98:91-101 (1996).
    • (1996) Hum Genet , vol.98 , pp. 91-101
    • Chang, F.-M.1    Kidd, J.R.2    Livak, K.J.3    Pakstis, A.J.4    Kidd, K.K.5
  • 98
    • 0031568860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) is not associated with alcoholism in three Taiwanese populations: Six polymorphisms tested separately and as haplotypes
    • Chang F-M, Ko H-C, Lu R-B, Pakstis AJ, Kidd KK. The dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) is not associated with alcoholism in three Taiwanese populations: six polymorphisms tested separately and as haplotypes. Biol Psychiatry 41:394-405 (1997).
    • (1997) Biol Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 394-405
    • Chang, F.-M.1    Ko, H.-C.2    Lu, R.-B.3    Pakstis, A.J.4    Kidd, K.K.5
  • 99
    • 0031025839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid molecular haplotyping of the first exon of the human dopamine D4 receptor gene by heteroduplex analysis
    • Chang F-M, Kidd KK. Rapid molecular haplotyping of the first exon of the human dopamine D4 receptor gene by heteroduplex analysis. Am J Med Genet 74:91-94 (1997).
    • (1997) Am J Med Genet , vol.74 , pp. 91-94
    • Chang, F.-M.1    Kidd, K.K.2
  • 100
    • 0029802694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association study of a null mutation in the dopamine D4 receptor gene in Italian patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar mood disorder and schizophrenia
    • Di Bella D, Catalano M, Cichon S, Nothen MM. Association study of a null mutation in the dopamine D4 receptor gene in Italian patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar mood disorder and schizophrenia. Psychiatr Genet 6:119-121 (1996).
    • (1996) Psychiatr Genet , vol.6 , pp. 119-121
    • Di Bella, D.1    Catalano, M.2    Cichon, S.3    Nothen, M.M.4
  • 106
    • 0030004521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human catechol-O-methyl- Transferase pharmacogenetics: Description of a functional polymorphism and its potential application to neuropsychiatric disorders
    • Lachman HM, Papolos DF, Saito T, Yu Y-M, Szumlanski CL, Weinshilboum RM. Human catechol-O-methyl- transferase pharmacogenetics: description of a functional polymorphism and its potential application to neuropsychiatric disorders. Pharmacogenetics 8:243-250 (1996).
    • (1996) Pharmacogenetics , vol.8 , pp. 243-250
    • Lachman, H.M.1    Papolos, D.F.2    Saito, T.3    Yu, Y.-M.4    Szumlanski, C.L.5    Weinshilboum, R.M.6
  • 107
    • 0030904954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic polymorphism of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT): Correlation of genotype with individual variation of S-COMT activity and comparison of the allele frequencies in the normal population and Parkinsonian patients in Finland
    • Syvanen A-C, Tilgmann C, Rinne J, Ulmanen I, Genetic polymorphism of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT): correlation of genotype with individual variation of S-COMT activity and comparison of the allele frequencies in the normal population and Parkinsonian patients in Finland. Pharmacogenotics 7:65-71 (1997).
    • (1997) Pharmacogenotics , vol.7 , pp. 65-71
    • Syvanen, A.-C.1    Tilgmann, C.2    Rinne, J.3    Ulmanen, I.4
  • 109
    • 0031015324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High and low activity alleles of catechol-O-methyltransferase gene: Ethnic difference and possible association with Parkinson's disease
    • Kunugi H, Nanko S, Ueki A, Otsuka E, Hattori M, Hoda F, Vallada HP, Arranz MJ, Collier DA. High and low activity alleles of catechol-O-methyltransferase gene: ethnic difference and possible association with Parkinson's disease, Neurosci Lett 221:202-204 (1997).
    • (1997) Neurosci Lett , vol.221 , pp. 202-204
    • Kunugi, H.1    Nanko, S.2    Ueki, A.3    Otsuka, E.4    Hattori, M.5    Hoda, F.6    Vallada, H.P.7    Arranz, M.J.8    Collier, D.A.9
  • 110
    • 0030611325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1947 Polymorphism in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene in Parkinson's disease
    • 1947 Polymorphism in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 12:426-427 (1997).
    • (1997) Mov Disord , vol.12 , pp. 426-427
    • Xie, T.1    Ho, S.L.2    Li, L.S.W.3    Ma, O.C.K.4
  • 111
    • 0031568907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of association of a functional catechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphism in schizophrenia
    • Strous RD, Bark N, Woerner M, Lachman HM. Lack of association of a functional catechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphism in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 41:493-495 (1997).
    • (1997) Biol Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 493-495
    • Strous, R.D.1    Bark, N.2    Woerner, M.3    Lachman, H.M.4
  • 112
    • 0030889078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of a functional catechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphism in schizophrenia: Evidence for association with aggressive and antisocial behavior
    • Strous RD, Bark N, Persia SS, Volavka J, Lachman HM. Analysis of a functional catechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphism in schizophrenia: evidence for association with aggressive and antisocial behavior. Psychiatry Res 69:71-77 (1997).
    • (1997) Psychiatry Res , vol.69 , pp. 71-77
    • Strous, R.D.1    Bark, N.2    Persia, S.S.3    Volavka, J.4    Lachman, H.M.5
  • 114
    • 0030774445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No association between bipolar disorder and alleles at a functional polymorphism in the COMT gene
    • BEBCG (Biomed European Bipolar Collaborative Group). No association between bipolar disorder and alleles at a functional polymorphism in the COMT gene. Br J Psychiatry 170:526-528 (1997).
    • (1997) Br J Psychiatry , vol.170 , pp. 526-528
  • 116
    • 0031025838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening the monoamine oxidase B gene in 100 male patients with schizophrenia: A cluster of polymorphisms in African-Americans but lack of functionally significant sequence changes
    • Sobell JL, Lind TJ, Hebrink DD, Heston LL, Sommer SS. Screening the monoamine oxidase B gene in 100 male patients with schizophrenia: a cluster of polymorphisms in African-Americans but lack of functionally significant sequence changes. Am J Med Genet 74:44-49 (1997).
    • (1997) Am J Med Genet , vol.74 , pp. 44-49
    • Sobell, J.L.1    Lind, T.J.2    Hebrink, D.D.3    Heston, L.L.4    Sommer, S.S.5
  • 119
    • 0026343878 scopus 로고
    • Human monamine oxidase A gene determines levels of enzyme activity
    • Hotamisligil GS, Breakefield XO. Human monamine oxidase A gene determines levels of enzyme activity. Am J Hum Genet 49:383-392(1991).
    • (1991) Am J Hum Genet , vol.49 , pp. 383-392
    • Hotamisligil, G.S.1    Breakefield, X.O.2
  • 120
    • 0027464780 scopus 로고
    • Association of a monoamine oxidase B allele with Parkinson's disease
    • Kurth JH, Kurth MC, Poduslo SE, Schwankhaus JD. Association of a monoamine oxidase B allele with Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 33:367-372 (1993).
    • (1993) Ann Neurol , vol.33 , pp. 367-372
    • Kurth, J.H.1    Kurth, M.C.2    Poduslo, S.E.3    Schwankhaus, J.D.4
  • 121
    • 0028963983 scopus 로고
    • An allelic association study of monoamine oxidase B in Parkinson's disease
    • Ho SL, Kapadi AL, Ramsden DB, Williams AC. An allelic association study of monoamine oxidase B in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 37:403-405 (1995).
    • (1995) Ann Neurol , vol.37 , pp. 403-405
    • Ho, S.L.1    Kapadi, A.L.2    Ramsden, D.B.3    Williams, A.C.4
  • 124
    • 0030592471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of the relationship between the DBH activity in serum and a Mspl polymorphic site in intron 9 of the human DBH gene in schizophrenia
    • Wei J, Ramchand CN, Hemmings GP. A study of the relationship between the DBH activity in serum and a Mspl polymorphic site in intron 9 of the human DBH gene in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 22:77-80 (1996).
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.22 , pp. 77-80
    • Wei, J.1    Ramchand, C.N.2    Hemmings, G.P.3
  • 125
    • 0029778079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A linkage study between bipolar disorder and genes involved in dopaminergic and GABAergic neutrotransmission
    • Debruyn A, Souery D, Mendelbaum K, Mendlewicz J, Van Broeckhoven C. A linkage study between bipolar disorder and genes involved in dopaminergic and GABAergic neutrotransmission. Psychiatric Genet 6:67-73 (1996).
    • (1996) Psychiatric Genet , vol.6 , pp. 67-73
    • Debruyn, A.1    Souery, D.2    Mendelbaum, K.3    Mendlewicz, J.4    Van Broeckhoven, C.5
  • 126
    • 0028819474 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol consumption: Biochemical and personality correlates in a college student population
    • La Grange L, Jones TD, Erb L, Reyes E. Alcohol consumption: biochemical and personality correlates in a college student population. Addictive Behav 20:93-103 (1995).
    • (1995) Addictive Behav , vol.20 , pp. 93-103
    • La Grange, L.1    Jones, T.D.2    Erb, L.3    Reyes, E.4
  • 127
    • 0030946510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the polymorphic microsatellite repeat of the dopamine βhydroxylase gene associated with biochemical variability of the catecholamine pathway in schizophrenia?
    • Wei J, Xu H-M, Ramchand CN, Hemmings GP. Is the polymorphic microsatellite repeat of the dopamine βhydroxylase gene associated with biochemical variability of the catecholamine pathway in schizophrenia? Biol Psychiatry 41:762-767 (1997).
    • (1997) Biol Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 762-767
    • Wei, J.1    Xu, H.-M.2    Ramchand, C.N.3    Hemmings, G.P.4
  • 129
    • 0031014766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2C (HTR2C) serotonin receptor gene polymorphism associated with the human personality trait of reward dependence: Interaction with dopamine D4 receptor (D4DR) and dopamine D3 receptor (D3DR) polymorphisms
    • 2C (HTR2C) serotonin receptor gene polymorphism associated with the human personality trait of reward dependence: interaction with dopamine D4 receptor (D4DR) and dopamine D3 receptor (D3DR) polymorphisms. Am J Med Genet 74:65-72 (1997).
    • (1997) Am J Med Genet , vol.74 , pp. 65-72
    • Ebstein, R.P.1    Segman, R.2    Benjamin, J.3    Osher, Y.4    Nemanov, L.5    Belmaker, R.H.6
  • 130
    • 0029935357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine addiction and treatment
    • Rose JE. Nicotine addiction and treatment. Annu Rev Med 47:493-507 (1996).
    • (1996) Annu Rev Med , vol.47 , pp. 493-507
    • Rose, J.E.1
  • 131
    • 0029979162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology of nicotine: Addiction and therapeutics
    • Benowitz NL. Pharmacology of nicotine: addiction and therapeutics. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 36:597-613 (1996).
    • (1996) Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.36 , pp. 597-613
    • Benowitz, N.L.1
  • 132
    • 0030971230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short report on DNA marker at candidate locus. SSCP variants within the α4 subunit of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene
    • Phillips HA, Muller JC. Short report on DNA marker at candidate locus. SSCP variants within the α4 subunit of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene. Clin Genet 51:135-136 (1997).
    • (1997) Clin Genet , vol.51 , pp. 135-136
    • Phillips, H.A.1    Muller, J.C.2
  • 134
    • 0030460135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short report on DNA marker at candidate locus. Dinucleotide polymorphism in the first intron of the human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor a4 subunit gene (CHRNA4)
    • Weiland S, Steinlein O. Short report on DNA marker at candidate locus. Dinucleotide polymorphism in the first intron of the human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor a4 subunit gene (CHRNA4). Clin Genet 50:433-434 (1996).
    • (1996) Clin Genet , vol.50 , pp. 433-434
    • Weiland, S.1    Steinlein, O.2
  • 135
    • 0029338992 scopus 로고
    • Detection of a Cfol polymorphism within exon 5 of the human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor a4 subunit gene (CHRNA4)
    • Steinlein OK. Detection of a Cfol polymorphism within exon 5 of the human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor a4 subunit gene (CHRNA4). Hum Genet 96:130 (1995).
    • (1995) Hum Genet , vol.96 , pp. 130
    • Steinlein, O.K.1
  • 137
    • 0025022689 scopus 로고
    • The CYP2A3 gene product catalyzes coumarin 7-hydrozylation in human liver microsomes
    • Yamano S, Tatsuno J, Gonzalez FJ. The CYP2A3 gene product catalyzes coumarin 7-hydrozylation in human liver microsomes. Biochemistry 29:1322-1329 (1990).
    • (1990) Biochemistry , vol.29 , pp. 1322-1329
    • Yamano, S.1    Tatsuno, J.2    Gonzalez, F.J.3
  • 139
    • 0031038038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P450 2D6 variants in a Caucasian population: Allele frequencies and phenotypic consequences
    • Sachse C, Brockmoller J, Bauer S, Roots I. Cytochrome P450 2D6 variants in a Caucasian population: allele frequencies and phenotypic consequences. Am J Hum Genet 60:284-295 (1997).
    • (1997) Am J Hum Genet , vol.60 , pp. 284-295
    • Sachse, C.1    Brockmoller, J.2    Bauer, S.3    Roots, I.4
  • 141
    • 0029661559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CYP2D6 phenotype and the metabolism of nicotine and cotinine
    • Benowitz NL, Jacob P, Perez-Stable E. CYP2D6 phenotype and the metabolism of nicotine and cotinine. Pharmacogenetics 6:239-242 (1996).
    • (1996) Pharmacogenetics , vol.6 , pp. 239-242
    • Benowitz, N.L.1    Jacob, P.2    Perez-Stable, E.3
  • 142
    • 0029979414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphic drug oxidation. Relevance to the treatment of psychiatric disorders
    • Bertilsson L, Dahl M-L Polymorphic drug oxidation. Relevance to the treatment of psychiatric disorders. CNS Drugs 5(3):200-223 (1996).
    • (1996) CNS Drugs , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 200-223
    • Bertilsson, L.1    Dahl, M.-L.2
  • 143
    • 0027464041 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between personality and debrisoquine hydroxyiation capacity. Suggestion of an endogenous neuroactive substrate or product of the cytochrone P450206
    • Llerena A, Edman G, Cobaleda J, Benitez J, Schalling D, Bertilsson L Relationship between personality and debrisoquine hydroxyiation capacity. Suggestion of an endogenous neuroactive substrate or product of the cytochrone P450206. Acta Psychiatr Scand 87:23-28 (1993).
    • (1993) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.87 , pp. 23-28
    • Llerena, A.1    Edman, G.2    Cobaleda, J.3    Benitez, J.4    Schalling, D.5    Bertilsson, L.6
  • 145
    • 0031035007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes: What is their clinical relevance and why do they exist?
    • Nebert DW. Polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes: what is their clinical relevance and why do they exist? Am J Hum Genet 60:265-271 (1997).
    • (1997) Am J Hum Genet , vol.60 , pp. 265-271
    • Nebert, D.W.1
  • 146
    • 0000200734 scopus 로고
    • Debrisoquine metabolic ratio (DMR) distribution differs among smokers and non-smokers
    • Turgeon J, Debrisoquine metabolic ratio (DMR) distribution differs among smokers and non-smokers [abstract]. Clin Pharmacol Ther 57:150 (1995).
    • (1995) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.57 , pp. 150
    • Turgeon, J.1
  • 148
    • 0004982760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between CYP1A1 Msp 1 polymorphism and smoking in a control population: Implications for the study of genetic effects on cancer risk
    • Garcia-Closas M, Caporaso N, Kelsey KK, Christiani DC. Association between CYP1A1 Msp 1 polymorphism and smoking in a control population: implications for the study of genetic effects on cancer risk [abstract]. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 38:211 (1997).
    • (1997) Proc am Assoc Cancer Res , vol.38 , pp. 211
    • Garcia-Closas, M.1    Caporaso, N.2    Kelsey, K.K.3    Christiani, D.C.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.