Field strength variations of LF radio waves prior to earthquakes in central Italy

Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

Volumn 105, Issue 3-4, 1998, Pages 279-286

  Bella, F ^a   Biagi, P F ^b   Caputo, M ^c   Cozzi, E ^a   Della Monica, G ^a   Ermini, A ^d   Plastino, W ^a   Sgrigna, V ^a  

^a ROMA TRE UNIVERSITY   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BARI   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITÀ DI ROMA LA SAPIENZA   (Italy)

^d UNIVERSITY OF ROME TOR VERGATA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Earthquakes; Lf radiowaves; Radio refractivity

Indexed keywords

EARTHQUAKE PRECURSOR; RADIO WAVE;

ITALY;

EID: 0031867599     PISSN: 00319201     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9201(97)00097-6     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Bella, F., Biagi, P.F., Caputo, M., Della Monica, G., Ermini, A., Plastino, W., Sgrigna, V., Zilpimiani, D., 1995. Electromagnetic and seismoacoustic signals revealed in karst caves (Central Italy). Il Nuovo Cimento 18C, 19-32.
2. Bremmer, H., 1949. Terrestrial radio waves. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
3. CCIR, 1990a. World atlas of ground conductivities. Rep. 717-3:95-103.
4. CCIR, 1990b. Sky-wave propagation and circuit performance at frequencies between about 30 kHz and 500 kHz. Rep. 265-7:212-229.
5. CCIR, 1990c. Methods for predicting sky-wave field strengths at frequencies between 150 kHz and 1705 kHz. Rep. 575-4:167-184.
6. CCIR, 1990d. Radiometeorological data. Rep. 563-4:105-148.
7. CCIR, 1990e. Effects of tropospheric refraction on radio-wave propagation. Rep. 718-3:149-188.
8. Fraser-Smith, A.C., Bernardy, A., McGill, P.R., Ladd, M.E., Helliwell, R.A., Villard, O.G. Jr., 1990. Low frequency magnetic field measurements near the epicenter of the Ms 7.1 Loma Prieta earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett. 17, 1465-1468.
9. Fujinawa, J., Kumagai, T., Takahashi, K., 1992. Study of anomalous underground electric field variations associated with volcanic eruption. Geophys. Res. Lett. 19, 9-12.
10. Gokhberg, M.B., Morgounov, V.A., Aronov, E.L., 1979. On the high frequency electromagnetic radiation during seismic activity. Dokladi Acad. Sci. USSR 248, 1077-1081.
11. Gokhberg, M.B., Morgunov, V.A., Yoshino, T., Tomizawa, I., 1982. Experimental measurements of electromagnetic emissions possible related to earthquakes in Japan. J. Geophys. Res. 87, 7824-7829.
12. Gufeld, I., Gusev, G., Pokhotelov, O., 1994. Is the prediction of earthquake dates possible by the VLF radiowave monitoring method? In: Hayakawa, M., Fujinawa, Y. (Eds.), Electromagnetic Phenomena Related to Earthquake Prediction. TERRAPUB, Tokyo, pp. 381-389.
13. Hayakawa, M., Sato, H., 1994. Ionospheric perturbations associated with earthquakes, as detected by subionospheric VLF propagation. In: Hayakawa, M., Fujinawa, Y. (Eds.), Electromagnetic Phenomena Related to Earthquake Prediction. TERRAPUB, Tokyo, pp. 391-397.
14. Johnston, M.J.S., Mueller, R.J., 1987. Seismomagnetic observations during the 8 July 1986 magnitude 5.9 North Palm Springs earthquake. Science 237, 1201-1203.
15. Knight, P., 1973. MF propagation: a wave-hop method for ionospheric field-strength prediction. BBC Eng. 10, 22-34.
16. Knight, P., 1983. Ionospheric propagation in the LF broadcasting band. Report 15, BBC Research Dept.
17. Kopytenko, Y.A., Matiashvili, T.G., Voronov, P.M., Kopytenko, E.A., Molchanov, O.A., 1993. Detection of ultra-low-frequency emissions connected with the Spitak earthquake and its after-shock activity, based on geomagnetic pulsations data at Dusheti and Vardzia observatories. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 77, 85.
18. Molchanov, O.A., Kopytenko, Y.A., Voronov, P.M., Kopytenko, E.A., Matiashvili, T.G., Fraser-Smith, A.C., Bernardy, A., 1992. Results of ULF magnetic field measurements near the epicenters of the Spitak (Ms = 6.9) and Loma Prieta (Ms = 7.1) earthquakes: comparative analysis. Geophys. Res. Lett. 19, 1495-1498.
19. Morgounov, V.A., Ondoh, T., Nagai, S., 1994. Anomalous variation of VLF signals associated with strong earthquakes (M ≥ 7.0). In: Hayakawa, M., Fujinawa, Y. (Eds.), Electromagnetic Phenomena Related to Earthquake Prediction. TERRAPUB, Tokyo, pp. 409-428.
20. Oike, K., Ogawa, T., 1986. Electromagnetic radiation from shallow earthquakes observed in the LF range. J. Geomagn. Geoelectr. 38, 1031-1040.
21. Parrot, M., Lefeuvre, F., 1985. Correlation between GEOS VLF emissions and earthquakes. Ann. Geophys. 3, 737-748.
22. Rotheram, S., 1981a. Ground wave propagation. I: Theory for short distances. IEE Proc. 128 (5), 275-284.
23. Rotheram, S., 1981b. Ground wave propagation. II: Theory for medium and long distances and reference propagation curves. IEE Proc. 128 (5), 285-295.
24. Varotsos, P., Alexopoulos, K., 1984. Physical properties of the variations of the electric field of the Earth preceding earthquakes. Tectonophysics 110, 73-98.
25. Wait, J.R., 1970. Electromagnetic Waves in Stratified Media. Pergamon.
26. Warwick, J.W., Stoker, C., Meyer, T.R., 1982. Radio emission associated with rock fracture: possible application to the great Chilean earthquake on May 22, 1960. J. Geophys. Res. 87, 2851-2859.
27. Yoshino, T., Tomizawa, I., Shibata, T., 1985. The possibility of using a direction finding technic to locate earthquake epicenters from EM precursor radiation. Ann. Geophys. 3, 727-730.