Characterization of the genes encoding D-amino acid transaminase and glutamate racemase, two D-glutamate biosynthetic enzymes of Bacillus sphaericus ATCC 10208

Journal of Bacteriology

Volumn 180, Issue 16, 1998, Pages 4319-4323

  Fotheringham, Ian G ^a   Bledig, Stefan A ^a   Taylor, Paul P ^a  

^a NSC Technologies   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINOTRANSFERASE; PEPTIDOGLYCAN; RACEMASE;

ARTICLE; BACILLUS SPHAERICUS; BACTERIAL CELL WALL; ENZYME ASSAY; ENZYME SYNTHESIS; GENE EXPRESSION; LACTOBACILLUS; MOLECULAR CLONING; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PEDIOCOCCUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; STAPHYLOCOCCUS;

BACILLUS SPHAERICUS;

EID: 0031859365     PISSN: 00219193     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jb.180.16.4319-4323.1998     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Adams, E. 1972. Amino acid racemases and epimerases, p. 479-507. In P. D. Boyer (ed.), The enzymes, vol. VI. Academic Press Inc., New York, N.Y.
2. Besson, F., and M. L. Hourdou. 1987. Effect of amino acids on the biosynthesis of β-amino acids, constituents of bacillomycins F. J. Antibiot. 40:221-223.
3. Bolivar, F., R. L. Rodriguez, P. J. Green, M. C. Betlach, H. L. Heyneker, H. W. Boyer, J. H. Crosa, and S. Falkow. 1977. Construction and characterization of new cloning vehicles. II. A multipurpose cloning system. Gene 2: 95-113.
4. Bowditch, R. D., P. Baumann, and A. A. Yousten. 1989. Cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding a 125-kilodalton surface-layer protein from Bacillus sphaericus 2362 and of a related cryptic gene. J. Bacteriol. 171:4178-4188.
5. Christen, P., D. E. Metzler, et al. (ed.). 1985. Transaminases, p. 463-467. John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y.
6. Doublet, P., J. Van Heijenoort, J. P. Bohin, and D. Mengin-Lecreulx. 1993. The murI gene of Escherichia coli is an essential gene that encodes a glutamate racemase activity. J. Bacteriol. 175:2970-2979.
7. Ernst, J. F. 1988. Codon usage and gene expression. Trends Biotechnol. 6: 196-199.
8. Fotheringham, I. G., S. A. Dacey, P. P. Taylor, T. J. Smith, M. G. Hunter, M. E. Finlay, S. B. Primrose, D. M. Parker, and R. M. Edwards. 1986. The cloning and sequence analysis of the aspC and tyrB genes from Escherichia coli K12. Comparison of the primary structures of the aspartate aminotransferase and aromatic aminotransferase of E. coli with those of the pig aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes. Biochem. J. 234:593-604.
9. Gallo, K. A., and J. R. Knowles. 1993. Purification, cloning, and cofactor independence of glutamate racemase from Lactobacillus. Biochemistry 32: 3981-3990.
10. Hudson, G. S., and B. E. Davidson. 1984. Nucleotide sequence and transcription of the phenylalanine and tyrosine operons of Escherichia coli K12. J. Mol. Biol. 180:1023-1051.
11. Jones, W. M., T. S. Soper, H. Ueno, and J. M. Manning. 1985. D-glutamate-D-amino acid transaminase from bacteria. Methods Enzymol. 113:108-113.
12. Koehler, E., M. Seville, J. Jaeger, I. Fotheringham, M. Hunter, M. Edwards, J. N. Jansonius, and K. Kirschner. 1994. Significant improvement to the catalytic properties of aspartate aminotransferase: role of hydrophobic and charged residues in the substrate binding pocket. Biochemistry 33:90-97.
13. Kuramitsu, H. K., and J. E. Snoke. 1962. The biosynthesis of D-amino acids in Bacillus licheniformis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 62:114-121.
14. Liu, L., T. Yoshimura, K. Endo, N. Esaki, and K. Soda. 1997. Cloning and expression of the glutamate racemase gene of Bacillus pumilus. J. Biochem. 121:1155-1161.
15. Lugtenberg, E. J. J., H. J. W. Wijsman, and D. Van Zaane. 1973. Properties of a D-glutamic acid-requiring mutant of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 114: 499-506.
16. Maniatis, T., E. F. Fritsch, and J. Sambrook. 1982. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
17. Martinez del Pozo, A., M. Merola, H. Ueno, J. M. Manning, K. Tanizawa, K. Nishimura, S. Asano, H. Tanaka, K. Soda, et al. 1989. Activity and spectroscopic properties of bacterial D-amino acid transaminase after multiple site-directed mutagenesis of a single tryptophan residue. Biochemistry 28: 510-516.
18. Martinez del Pozo, A., M. Merola, H. Ueno, J. M. Manning, K. Tanizawa, K. Nishimura, K. Soda, and D. Ringe. 1989. Stereospecificity of reactions catalyzed by bacterial D-amino acid transaminase. J. Biol. Chem. 264:17784-17789.
19. Merola, M., A. Martinez del Pozo, H. Ueno, P. Recsei, A. Di Donato, J. M. Manning, K. Tanizawa, Y. Masu, S. Asano, et al. 1989. Site-directed mutagenesis of the cysteinyl residues and the active-site serine residue of bacterial D-amino acid transaminase. Biochemistry 28:505-509.
20. Nakajima, N., K. Tanizawa, H. Tanaka, and K. Soda. 1986. Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the glutamate racemase gene from Pediococcus pentosaceus. Agric. Biol. Chem. 50:2823-2830.
21. Nelms, J., R. M. Edwards, J. Warwick, and I. Fotheringham. 1992. Novel mutations in the pheA gene of Escherichia coli K-12 which result in highly feedback inhibition-resistant variants of chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydratase. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:2592-2598.
22. Pucci, M. J., J. A. Thanassi, H.-T. Ho, P. J. Falk, and T. J. Dougherty. 1995. Staphylococcus hemolyticus contains two D-glutamic acid biosynthetic activities, a glutamate racemase and a D-amino acid transaminase. J. Bacteriol. 177:336-342.
23. Roberts, R. B., P. H. Abelson, D. B. Cowie, E. T. Bolton, and R. J. Britten. 1955. Studies of biosynthesis in E. coli. Carnegie Inst. Washington Publication 607.
24. Rogers, H. J., H. R. Perkins, and J. B. Ward. 1980. Microbial cell walls and membranes. Chapman and Hall, London, England.
25. Sanger, F., S. Nicklen, and A. R. Couison. 1977. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:5463-5467.
26. Seville, M., M. G. Vincent, and K. Hahn. 1988. Modeling the three-dimensional structures of bacterial aminotransferases. Biochemistry 27:8344-8349.
27. Soda, K., K. Yonaha, H. Misono, and M. Osugi. 1974. Purification and crystallization of D-amino acid aminotransferase of Bacillus sphaericus. FEBS Lett. 46:359-363.
28. Stoker, N. G., N. F. Fairweather, and B. G. Spratt. 1982. Versatile low-copy-number plasmid vectors for cloning in Escherichia coli. Gene 18:335-341.
29. Sugio, S., G. A. Petsko, J. M. Manning, K. Soda, and D. Ringe. 1995. Crystal structure of a D-amino acid aminotransferase: how the protein controls stereoselectivity. Biochemistry 34:9661-9669.
30. Tanizawa, K., S. Asano, Y. Masu, S. Kuramitsu, H. Kagamiyama, H. Tanaka, and K. Soda. 1989. The primary structure of thermostable D-amino acid aminotransferase from a thermophilic Bacillus species and its correlation with L-amino acid aminotransferases. J. Biol. Chem. 264:2450-2454.
31. Tanizawa, K., Y. Masu, S. Asano, H. Tanaka, and K. Soda. 1989. Thermostable D-amino acid aminotransferase from a thermophilic Bacillus species. Purification, characterization, and active site sequence determination. J. Biol. Chem. 264:2445-2449.
32. Taylor, P. P., and I. G. Fotheringham. 1997. Nucleotide sequence of the Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 10716 dat gene and comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence with those of other bacterial species. Biochim. Biophys, Acta 1350:38-40.
33. Thanabalu, T., J. Hindley, J. Jackson-Yap, and C. Berry. 1991. Cloning, sequencing, and expression of a gene encoding a 100-kilodalton mosquito-cidal toxin from Bacillus sphaericus SSII-I. J. Bacteriol. 173:2776-2785.
34. Wasserman, S. A., C. T. Walsh, and D. Botstein. 1983. Two alanine racemase genes in Salmonella typhimurium that differ in structure and function. J. Bacteriol. 153:1439-1450.
35. Yonaha, K., H. Misono, T. Yamamoto, and K. Soda. 1975. D-amino acid aminotransferase of Bacillus sphaericus. Enzymologic and spectrometric properties. J. Biol. Chem. 250:6983-6989.
36. Zimmer, T. L. 1975. Gramicidin S synthetase. Methods Enzymol. 43:567-579.