Predator mediated patch use by tadpoles (Hyla regilla): Risk balancing or consequence of motionlessness?

Journal of Herpetology

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 84-92

  Kupferberg, Sarah J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HYLA REGILLA; THAMNOPHIS COUCHII; THAMNOPHIS HYDROPHILUS;

EID: 0031858911     PISSN: 00221511     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1565484     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. ABRAHAMS, M. V., AND L. M. DILL. 1989. A determination of the energetic equivalence of risk of predation. Ecology 70:999-1007.
2. ANHOLT, B. R., AND E. E. WERNER. 1995. Interaction between food availability and predation mortality mediated by adaptive behavior. Ecology 76:2230-2234.
3. ARNOLD, S. J. 1992. Behavioural variation in natural populations: VI. Prey responses by two species of garter snakes in three regions of sympatry. Anim. Behav. 44:705-719.
4. _, AND R. J. WASSERSUG. 1978. Differential predation on metamorphic anurans by garter snakes (Thamnophis): social behavior as a possible defense. Ecology 59:1014-1022.
5. AZVEDO-RAMOS, C., M. VAN SLUYS, J. HERO, AND W. E. MAGNUSSON. 1992. Influence of tadpole movement on predation by odonate naiads. J. Herpetol. 26:338-341.
6. BRODIE, E. D., JR., J. A. JOHNSON, AND C. K. DODD, JR. 1974. Immobility as a defensive behavior in a salamander. Herpetologica 30:79-85.
7. BURGHARDT, G. M., AND D. DENNY. 1983. Effects of prey movement and prey odor on feeding garter snakes. Z. Tierpsychol. 62:329-347.
8. CALDWELL, J. P., J. H. THORP, AND T. O. JERVEY. 1980. Predator-prey relationships among larval dragonflies, salamanders, and frogs. Oecologia 46:285-289.
9. DRUMMOND, H. 1983. Aquatic foraging in garter snakes: a comparison of specialists and generalists. Anim. Behav. 86:1-30.
10. _, AND C. MACIAS GARCIA. 1989. Limitations of a generalist: a field comparison of foraging snakes. Behaviour 108:23-43.
11. FEDER, M. E. 1983. The relation of air breathing and locomotion to predation on tadpoles, Rana berlandieri, by turtles. Physiol. Zool. 56:522-531.
12. FEMINELLA, J. W., AND C. P. HAWKINS. 1994. Tailed frog tadpoles differentially alter their feeding behavior in response to non-visual cues from four predators. J. North Amer. Benthol. Soc. 13:310-320.
13. FITCH, H. S. 1965. An ecological study of the garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis. Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. 15:493-564.
14. GEE, J. H., AND R. C. WALDICK. 1995. Ontogenetic buoyancy changes and hydrostatic control in anurans. Copeia 1995:861-870.
15. GILLIAM, J. F., AND D. F. FRASER. 1987. Habitat selection under predation hazard: test of a model with foraging minnows. Ecology 68:1856-1862.
16. GOTCEITAS, V. 1990. Foraging and predator avoidance: a test of a patch choice model with juvenile bluegill sunfish. Oecologia 83:346-351.
17. HAY, M. E. 1986. Associational plant defenses and the maintenance of species diversity: turning competitors into accomplices. Amer. Natur. 128:617-641.
18. HEWS, D. K. 1995. Overall predator feeding rates and relative susceptibility of large and small tadpoles to fish predation depend on microhabitat: a laboratory study. J. Herpetol. 29:146-148.
19. HOLOMUZKI, J. R. 1989. Predation risk and macroalga use by the stream-dwelling salamander Ambystoma texanum. Copeia 1989:22-28.
20. _, AND SHORT, T. M. 1988. Habitat use and fish avoidance behaviors by the stream-dwelling isopod Lirceus fontinalis. Oikos 52:79-86.
21. _, AND SHORT, T. M. 1990. Ontogenetic shifts in habitat use and activity in a stream-dwelling isopod. Holarctic Ecol. 13:300-307.
22. JONES, K. B. 1990. Habitat use and predatory behavior 2 of Thamnophis cyrtopsis (Serpentes: Colubridae) in a seasonally aquatic environment. Southwest. Natur. 35:115-122.
23. KERFOOT, W. C. 1987. Cascading effects and indirect pathways. In W. C. Kerfoot and A. Sih (eds.), Predation: Direct and Indirect Impacts on Aquatic Communities, pp. 57-70. New England University Press, Hanover, New Hampshire.
24. KUPFERBERG, S. J. 1997. The role of larval diet in anuran metamorphosis. Amer. Zool. 37:146-159.
25. _, J. C. MARKS, AND M. E, POWER. 1994. Variation in natural algal and detrital diets affects larval anuran life history traits. Copeia 1994:446-457.
26. LAWLER, S. P. 1989. Behavioural responses and predation risk in four species of larval anurans. Anim. Behav. 38:1039-1047.
27. LIND, A. J., AND H. H. WELSH, JR. 1994. Ontogenetic changes in foraging behaviour and habitat use by the Oregon garter snake, Thamnophis atratus hydrophilus. Anim. Behav. 48:1261-1273.
28. MACIAS GARCIA, C., AND H. DRUMMOND. 1995. Components of visual prey recognition by the Mexican aquatic garter snake Thamnophis melanogaster. Ethology 101:101-111.
29. MITTLEBACH, G. G., AND P. L. CHESSON. 1987. Predation risk: indirect effects on fish populations. In W. C. Kerfoot and A. Sih (eds.), Predation: Direct and Indirect Impacts on Aquatic Communities, pp. 315-332. New England University Press, Hanover, New Hampshire.
30. PETERSON, J. A., AND A. R. BLAUSTEIN. 1992. Relative payabilities of anuran larvae to natural aquatic insect predators. Copeia 1992:577-584.
31. PETRANKA, J. W., L. B. KATS, AND A. SIH. 1987. Predator-prey interactions among fish and larval amphibians: use of chemical cues to detect predatory fish. Anim. Behav. 35:420-425.
32. POWER, M. E. 1984. Depth distributions of armored catfish: predator induced resource avoidance? Ecology 65:523-29.
33. _, W. J. MATTHEWS, AND A. J. STEWART. 1985. Grazing minnows, piscivorous bass and stream algae: dynamics of a strong interaction. Ecology 66: 1448-1456.
34. RICE, W. R. 1989. Analyzing tables of statistical tests. Evolution 43:223-225.
35. SCHAEFFEL, E, AND A. DE QUEIROZ. 1990. Alternative mechanisms of enhanced underwater vision in the garter snakes Thamnophis melanogaster and T. couchii. Copeia 1990:50-58.
36. SEMLITSCH, R. D., AND H. REYER. 1992. Modification of anti-predator behaviour in tadpoles by environmental conditioning. J. Anim. Ecol. 61:353-360.
37. SKELLY, D. K. 1994. Activity level and the susceptibility of anuran larvae to predation. Anim. Behav. 48:465-468.
38. _. 1995. A behavioral trade-off and its consequences for the distribution of Pseudacris treefrog larvae. Ecology 76:150-164.
39. TURNER, A. M., AND G. G. MITTLEBACH. 1990. Predator avoidance and community structure: interactions among piscivores, planktivores, and plankton. Ecology 71:2241-2254.
40. WASSERSUG, R. J., AND D. G. SPERRY. 1977. The relationship of locomotion to differential predation on Pseudacris triseriata (Anura: Hylidae). Ecology 58: 830-839.
41. WERNER, E. E. 1986. Amphibian metamorphosis: growth rate, predation risk and the optimal size at transformation. Amer. Natur. 128:319-341.
42. _. 1991. Nonlethal effects of a predator on competitive interactions between two anuran larvae. Ecology 72:1709-1720.
43. _, AND J. F. GILLIAM. 1984. The ontogenetic niche and species interactions in size-structured populations. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 15:393-425.