In search of an appropriate form of tourism for Africa: lessons from the past and suggestions for the future

Tourism Management

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 237-245

  Brown, D Omotayo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALTERNATIVE TOURISM; ALTERNTIVE TOURISM; INVESTMENT FLOWS; TOURISM DEVELOPMENT;

AFRICA;

EID: 0031855373     PISSN: None     EISSN: 02615177     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0261-5177(98)00016-8     Document Type: Article

References (40)

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2. 2. Mozoomdar, A., The Measurement of Tourism: A Guide Based on a Seminar held at Haslemere, England, September. British Tourist Authority, London, 1974, pp. 65-74.
3. 3. O'Grady, R., Third World Stopover: The Tourism Debate. World Council of Churches, Geneva, 1981.
4. 4. The Gambia National Report No. 85. Economist Intelligence Unit, 1989.
5. 5. West Africa Magazine. London, 19-25 October, 1992, p. 1777.
6. 6. Filani, M. O., The role of national tourist associations in the preserving of the environment in Africa. Journal of Travel Research, 1975, 13(4), 155-159.
7. 7. Gartner, W. C., Tourism Development: Principles, Processes and Policies. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1996, p. 65.
8. 8. Lea, J., Tourism and Development in the Third World. Routledge Press, London, 1988.
9. 9. Hiller, H. L., Alternative Tourism As a Basis for Intervention by Third World Nations in the Ethical Debate Within Industrial Society. Tourism Research Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, November, 1-9, 1976, (Working Paper Series No. 1).
10. 10. Migot-Adholla, S. E., Toward alternative tourism in Kenya. IFDA Dossier, 1980, 19, September/October, pp. 67-78.
11. 11. Esh, T. and Rosenblum, I., Tourism in Developing Countries - Trick or Treat?; A Report From The Gambia. The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, Uppsala, 1975 (Research Report, 31).
12. 12. See Esh, T. and Rosenblum, I., 1975.
13. 13. See Mozoomdar, A., 1974.
14. 14. See Mozoomdar, A., 1974.
15. 15. See Lea, J., 1988.
16. 16. Carey, K., Tourism development in LDCs: hotel capacity expansion with reference to Barbados. World Development, 1985, 17, 159-167.
17. 17. Jenkins, C. L., The effects of scale in tourism project in developing countries. Annals of Tourism Research, 1982, 9(2), 229-249.
18. 18. The Economist. Third World Tourism - Visitors are Good for You. March 11, 1989, pp. 19-22
19. 19. Ascher, F., Tourism: Transnational Corporations and Cultural Identities. UNESCO, Paris, 1985.
20. 20. See Ascher, F., 1985.
21. 21. Fall, J., Multinational Tourism Practices in Least Developing Countries. UNESCO, Paris, 1978.
22. 22. See Ascher, F., 1985.
23. 23. See Ascher, F., 1985.
24. 24. See Filani M. O., 1975.
25. 25. Quoting Samy, J. (Ed.). Crumbs From the Table? - The Workers' Share in Tourism. United Nations Center on Transnational Corporations. In Transnational Corporations in International Tourism, 1981.
26. 26. See Ascher, F., 1985.
27. 27. Richter, L. K., The Politics of Tourism in Asia. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 1989.
28. 28. For a more detailed discussion on this issue, see: Harrell-Bond, B. A Window on an Outside World: Tourism as Development in the Gambia. American Universities Field Staff Reports, No. 19, 1978.
29. 29. Kottak, P. C., Culture and economic development. American Anthropologist, 1990, 92, 723-731.
30. 30. See O'Grady, R., 1981.
31. 31. See O'Grady, R., 1981.
32. 32. See Ascher, F., 1985.
33. 33. Bugnicourt, J., The new colonialism: tourism with no return! Development Forum, 1977, 5(6), 1-2
34. 34. See Richter, L. K., 1984.
35. 35. See O'Grady, R., 1981.
36. 36. A detailed description can be found in: Saglio, C. Tourism for discovery: a project in lower Casamance, Senegal. In E. De Kadt (Ed.), Tourism: Passport to Development?; Perspectives on the Social and Cultural Effects of Tourism in Developing Countries. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1979.
37. 37. Braverman et al., Promoting rural cooperatives in developing countries: the case of Sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank Discussion Papers, 1991, 121, 4.
38. 38. See Saglio, C., 1979.
39. 39. Much of this discussion is credited to: Rank, S. R. (1987). An attempt at autonomous development: the case of the Tufi guest houses, Papua New Guinea. In S. Britton and W. C. Clarke (Eds), Ambiguous Alternatives. South Pacific University Press, 1987.
40. 40. See Rank, S. R., 1987.