The effects of UV-B radiation on toad mortality in mountainous areas of central Spain

Conservation Biology

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 703-707

  Lizana, Miguel ^a   Pedraza, Emilio M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SALAMANCA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANURA;

EID: 0031834551     PISSN: 08888892     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.97187.x     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Beebee, T. J. C. 1997. Biifo calamita Laurenti, 1768. Pages 120-121 in J. P. Case et al., editors. Atlas of amphibians and reptiles in Europe. Societas Europaea Herpetologica and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
2. Blaustein, A. R. 1994. Chicken little or Nero's fiddle? A perspective on declining amphibian populations. Herpetologica 50:85-97.
3. Blaustcin, A. R., and B. Wake. 1990. Declining amphibians populations: a global phenomenon? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 5: 203-204.
4. Blaustein, A. R., D. B. Wake, and W. P. Sousa. 1994. Amphibians declines: judging stability, persistence, and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions. Conservation Biology 8:60-71.
5. Blaustein, A. R., P. D. Huffman, D. G. Hokit, J. M. Kiesecker, S. C. Walls, and J. B. Hays, 1994b. W repair and resistance to solar UV-B in amphibians' eggs: a link to population declines? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 91:1791-1795.
6. Blaustein, A. R., D. G. Hokit, R. K. O'Hara, and R. A. Holt. 1994c. Pathogenic fungus contributes to amphibian losses in the Pacific Northwest. Biological Conservation 67:251-254.
7. Blaustein, A. R., B. Edmond, J. M. Kiesecker, J. J. Beatty, and D. G. Hokit. 1995. Ambient ultraviolet radiation causes mortality in salamander eggs. Ecological Applications 5:740-743.
8. Blaustein, A. R., P. D. Huffman, J. M. Kiesecker, andj. B. Hays. 1996. DNA repair activity and resistance to solar UV-B radiation in eggs of the red-legged frog. Conservation Biology 10:1398-1402.
9. Blumthaler, M., and W. Ambach. 1990. Indication of increasing solar ultraviolet-B radiation flux in alpine regions. Science 248:206-208.
10. Borkin, L. J., and M. Veith. 1997. Biifo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758). Pages 118-119 in J. P. Gasc et al., editors. Atlas of amphibians and reptiles in Europe. Societas Europaea Herpetologica and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
11. Cachorro, V. E., P. Duran, and A. M. de Frutos. 1996. Retrieval of vertical ozone content using the Chappuis band with high spectral resolution solar radiation measurements. Geophysical Research Letters 23:3325-3328.
12. Diffcy, B. L. 1991. Solar ultraviolet radiation effects on biological systems. Review in Physics in Medicine and Biology 36:299-328.
13. Gosner, K. L. I960. A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification. Herpetologica 16:183-190.
14. Kiesecker, ). M., and A. R. Blaustein. 1995. Synergism between UV-B radiation and a pathogen magnifies embryo mortality in nature. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 92:11049-11052.
15. Lizana, M. 1990. Ecologia de Bufo bnfo en la Sierra de Credos. Ph.D. thesis. Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
16. Lizana, M. 1997. Rufo bnfo. Pages 152-154 in J. M. Pleguezuelos and J. P. iMartinez-Rica, editorcs. Distribucion y biogeografia de los anfibios y reptiles en Espana y Portugal. Universidad de Granada-Asociaciön Herpetologica Espanola, Granada, Spain.
17. Lizana, M., and L. J. Barbadillo. 1997. Legislaciön, protecciön y estado de conservaciön de los anfibios y reptiles espanoles. Pages 477-516 inj. M. Pleguezuelos and J. P. Martmez-Rica, editores. Distribucion y biogeografia de los anfibios y reptiles en Espana y Portugal. Universidad de Granada-Asociaciön Herpetologica Espanola, Granada, Spain.
18. Lizana, M., M. J. Ciudad, and V. Pérez-Mellado. 1988. Distribucion altitudinal de la herpetofauna en el Macizo Central de la Sierra de Grédos. Revista Espanola de Herpetologîa 3:355-367.
19. Lizana, M., M. J. Ciudad, M. Gil, F. Guerrero, V. Pérez Mellado, and R. Martin-Sanchez. 1991. Nuevos datos sobre distribuciön de los anfibios y reptiles en el Macizo Central de la Sierra de Credos. Revista Espanola de Herpetologîa 6:61-80.
20. MacCoy, E. D. 1994. "Amphibian decline": a scientific dilema in more ways than one. Herpetologica 50:98-103.
21. Marquez, R., J. L. Olmo, and J. Bosch. 1995. Recurrent mass mortality of larval midwife toads in a lake in the Pyrenean mountains. Herpetological Journal 5:287-289.
22. Moan, J. 1991. Ozone holes and biological consequences. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology 9:244-247.
23. Pechmann, J. H. K., and H. M. Wilbur. 1994. Putting declining amphibian populations in perspective: natural fluctuations and human impacts. Herpctologica 50:65-84.
24. Pounds, J. A., and M. L. Crump. 1994. Amphibian declines and climate disturbance: the case of the golden toad and the Harlequin frog. Conservation Biology 8:72-85.
25. Schindler, D. W., P. J. Curtis, B. P. Parker, and M. P. Stainton. 1996. Consequences of climate warming and lake acidification for UV-B penetration in North American boreal lakes. Nature 379:705-708.
26. Stebbins, R. C, and N. W. Cohen. 1995. A natural history of amphibians. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
27. Tevini, M. 1993. UV-B radiation and ozone depletion: effects on humans, animals, plants, microorganisms, and materials. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida.
28. Travis, J. 1994. Calibrating our expectations in studying amphibian populations. Herpetologica 50:104-109.
29. Tyler, M. J. 1991. Declining amphibian populations: a global phenomenon? An Australian perspective. Alytes 9:43-50.
30. Tyler, G. Jr. 1992. Climate change, ozone depletion and nuclear war. Pages 284-308 in Living in the environment. Wadsworth, Belmont, California.
31. Wake, D. B. 1991. Declining amphibian populations. Science 253:860.
32. Worrest, R. C., and D. J. Kimeldorf. 1976. Distortions in amphibian development induced by ultraviolet-B enhancement (290-315 nm) of a simulated solar spectrum. Photochemistry and Photobiology 24: 377-382.
33. Van, N. D., W. Keller, N, M. Scully, D. R. S. Lean, and P. J. Dillon. 1996. Increased UV-B penetration in a lake owing to drought-induced acidification. Nature 381:141-143.