Health economic evaluations of antidepressants: A review

Depression and Anxiety

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 53-64

  Hylan, Timothy R ^a   Buesching, Don P ^a   Tollefson, Gary D ^a  

^a ELI LILLY AND COMPANY   (United States)

Author keywords

Affective disorders; Depression; Economic studies; Health services research; Prospective studies

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL RESEARCH; DEPRESSION; DRUG RESEARCH; HEALTH ECONOMICS; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, TRICYCLIC; CLINICAL TRIALS; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; HEALTH EXPENDITURES; HUMANS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS;

EID: 0031831962     PISSN: 10914269     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6394(1998)7:2<53::AID-DA1>3.0.CO;2-6     Document Type: Review

References (106)

1. Agency for Health Care Policy Research (1993) Treatment of Major Depression: Clinical Practice Guidelines, No. 5, Vol. 2. Rockville, MD. US Department of Health and Human Services, AHCPR Publication no. 93-0550.
2. Altamura A, Percudani M (1993) The use of antidepressants for long-term treatment of recurrent depression: Rationale, current methodologies, and future direction. J Clin Psychiatry 54(8 suppl):29-38.
3. American Psychiatric Association (1993) Practice guideline for major depressive disorder in adults. Am J Psychiatry 150[4, Suppl.]:1-26.
4. Anderson IM, Tomenson BM (1994) The efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in depression. A meta-analysis of studies against tricyclic antidepressants. J Psychopharmacol 18:238-249.
5. Anton SF, Revicki DA (1995) The use of decision analysis in the pharmacoeconomic evaluation of an antidepressant: Cost-effectiveness study of nefazodone. Psychopharmacol Bull 31:249-258.
6. Barge-Schaapvel D, Nuijten M, Hadjadjeba L (1997) The pharmacoeconomic profile of fluvoxamine in recurrent depression. Biol Psychiatry 425:241S.
7. Benkert O, Szegedi A, Wetzel H (1996) Minimum effective dose for antidepressants - an obligatory requirement for antidepressant drug evaluation? Int Clin Psychopharmacol 11:177-185.
8. Bentkover J, Feighner JP (1995) Cost-analysis of paroxetine vs. imipramine in major depression. Pharmacoeconomics 8:223-232.
9. Beuzen JN, Ravily VF, Soutre EF, Thomander L (1993) Impact of fluoxetine on work loss in depression. Int Clin Pharmcol 8:319-321.
10. Bingefors K, Isacson D, von Knorring L (1997) Antidepressant prescribing patterns in Swedish clinical practice. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 12:283-290.
11. Boyer P, Danion JM, Bisorbe JC, Hotton JM, Troy S (1998) Clinical and economic comparison of sertraline and fluoxetinc in the treatment of depression: A six month double blind study in a primary care setting in France. Pharmaco Economics 1998 13(1): 157-169.
12. Commission de Transparence (1994) Fiche de Transparance Antidepresseurs, Ministere de la Sante Publique de L'environment, Brussels, Belgium.
13. Coulson NE, Terva JV, Neslusan CA, Stuart B (1995) Estimating the moral-hazard effect of supplemental medical insurance in the demand for prescription drugs in the elderly. Am Econom Rev 85:122-126.
14. Coupland NJ, Bell CJ, Potokar JP (1990) Serotonin reuptake inhibitor withdrawal. J Clin Psychopharmacol 16:356-362.
15. Croghan TW, Lair TJ, Engelhart LE, Crown WH, Copley-Merriman C, Melfi CA, Obenchain RL, Buesching DP (1997) Effect of antidepressant therapy on health care utilization and costs in primary care. Psychiatric Serv 48:1420-1426.
16. Crown WH, Obenchain R, Englehart L, Lair T, Buesching DP, Crochan TW (1998a) Application of sample selection models to outcomes research: The case of evaluating effects of antidepressant therapy on resource utilization. Stat Med (in press).
17. Crown WH, Hylan TR, Meneades L (1998b) Antidepressant selection and use and health care expenditures: An empirical approach. Pharmacoeconomics (in press).
18. Donoghue JM (1995) A comparison of prescribing patterns of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of depression in primary care in the United Kingdom. J Serot Res 1:47-51.
19. Donoghue JM (1996) Prescribing patterns of selective serotonin reuptake inhibotors in primary care: A naturalistic follow-up study. J Serot Res 4:267-270.
20. Donoghue JM, Tylee A (1996) The treatment of depression: Prescribing patterns of antidepressants in primary care in the UK. Brit J Psychiatry 168:164-168.
21. Donoghue JM, Tylee A, Wildgust H (1996) Cross-sectional database analysis of antidepressant prescribing in general practice in the United Kingdom. BMJ 313:811-812.
22. Effective Health Care Bulletin (1993) The treatment of depression in primary care. 5:1-12.
23. Emarson TR, Addis A, Iskedjian M (1997) Pharmacoeconomic analysis of venlafaxine in the treatment of major depression disorder. Pharmacoeconomics 12 :286-296.
24. Einarson TR, Arikian S, Sweeney S, Doyle J (1995) A model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of oral therapies in the management of patients with major depressive disorders, Clin Therapeut 17:136-153.
25. Forder J, Kavanagh S, Fenyo A (1996) A comparison of the cost-effectiveness of sertraline vs. tricyclic antidepressants in primary care. J Affect Disord 38:87-111.
26. Freemantle N, House A, Song F, Mason J, Sheldon TA (1994) Prescribing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for prevention of suicide. Brit Med J 309:249-253.
27. Greenberg P, Stiglin LE, Finkelstein S, Berndt E (1993a) The economic burden of depression in 1990. J Clin Psychiatry 54: 405-418.
28. Greenberg P, Stiglin LE, Finkelstein S, Berndt E (1993b) Depression: A neglected major illness. J Clin Psychiatry 54: 419-424.
29. Gregor KJ, Overhage JM, Coon SJ, MacDonald RM (1994) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor dose titration in a naturalistic setting. Clin Therapeut 16:306-315.
30. Gregor KJ, Riley JA, Downing DK (1996) Concomitant use of anxiolytic and hypnotics with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clin Therapeut 18:521-527.
31. Hatziandreu EJ, Brown RE, Revicki DA, Turner R, Martindale J, Levine S, Siegel J (1994) Cost-utility of maintenance treatment of recurrent depression with sertraline versus episodic treatment with dothicpin. Pharmacol Econom 5:249-264.
32. Heckman JJ, Smith JA (1995) Assessing the case for social experiments. J Econom Perspect 9:85-110.
33. Henk H, Katzelnick DJ, Koback KA, Greist JH, Jefferson JW (1996) Medical costs attributed to depression among patients with a history of high medical expenses in a health maintenance organization. Arch Gen Psychiatry 53:899-904.
34. Hotopf M, Lewis G, Normand C (1996) Are SSRIs a cost-effective alternative to tricyclics? Brit J Psychiatry 168.404-409.
35. Hylan TR, Crown WH, Meneades L, Heiligenstein JH, Melfi C, Croghan TW, Buesching DP (1998a) SSRI and TCA antidepressant selection and health care costs: A multivariate analyses. J Affect Disord 47:71-79.
36. Hylan TR, Dossenhach M, Meneades L, Crown WH, Simhandl C (1998b) Antidepressant use in the psychiatrist setting in Austria: A comparison of citalopram, fluoxetine, and paroxetine, J Serot Res (in press).
37. Hylan TR, Kotsanos JG, Anderson JS, Brown SH, Copely-Merriman C, Egbuonu-Davis L, Heiligenstein JH, Overhage M, Whiteside RE (1996) Comparison of a decision analytic model with results from a naturalistic economic clinical trial: An application to evaluating alternative antidepressants. Am J Managed Care 2,1211-1223.
38. Hylan TR, Neslusan CA, Baldridge RM, Meneades L, Crown WH (1997) SSRI selection and anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic prescribing: A multivariate analyses. J Clin Outcomes Management 4:16-22.
39. John DN, Wright T, Berti C (1996) Is there an economic advantage in the use of SSRIs over TCAs in the treatment of depression? J Serot Res 225-235 Vol. 4.
40. Johnson D (1986) Noncompliance with antidepressant therapy - an underestimated problem. Intern Med 11:14-17.
41. Jonsson B, Bebbington PE (1994) What price depression? The cost of depression and the cost-effectiveness of pharmacological treatment. Brit J Psychiatry 164: 665-673.
42. Kasper S, Fuger J, Moller HJ (1992) Comparative efficacy of antidepressants. Drugs 43:11-22.
43. Katon W, Von Korff M, Lin E, Bush T, Orinel J (1992) Adequacy and duration of antidepressant treatment in primary care. Med Care 30:67-76.
44. Katzelnick D, Kobak KA, Jefferson J, Greist JH, Henk HA (1996) Prescribing patterns of antidepressant medications for depression in an HMO. Formulary 31:374-388.
45. Kind P, Sorenson J (1993) The cost of depression. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 7:191-195.
46. Kupfer DJ, Frank E, Perel JM (1989) The advantage of early treatment intervention in recurrent depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 46 771-775.
47. LaPierre Y, Benktover J, Schainbaum S, Manners S (1995) Direct costs of depression: Analysis of treatment costs of paroxetine vs. imipramine in Canada. Can J Psychiatry 40:370-377.
48. Lejoyeux M, Ades J, Mourad I, Solomon J, Disalver S (1996) Antidepressant withdrawal syndrome: Recognition, prevention and management CNS Drugs 5:278-292.
49. Le Pen C, Levy E, Ravily V, Beuzen JN, Meurgey F (1994) The cost of treatment dropout in depression: A cost-benefit analysis of fluoxetine vs. tricyclics. J Affect Disord 31:1-18.
50. Lin EH, Von Korff M, Katon W, Bush T, Simon GE, Walker E, Robinson P (1995) The role of the primary care physician in patients' adherence to antidepressant therapy. Med Care 33:67-74.
51. MacDonald TM, McMahon AD, Reid IC, Fenton GW, McDevitt DG (1996) Antidepressant drug use in primary care: A record linkage study in Tayside, Scotland BMJ 313:860-861.
52. Maj M, Veltro F, Pirozzi R, Lobrace S, Magliano L (1992) Pattern of recurrence of illness after recovery from an episode of major depression: A prospective study. Am J Psychiatry 149:795-800.
53. McClellan M, McNeil, B, Newhouse J (1994) Docs more intensive treatment of acute myocardial infarction in the elderly reduce mortality? JAMA 272:858-866.
54. McCombs JS, Nichol MB, Stimmel GL, Sclar DA, Beasley CM, Gross LS (1990) The cost of antidepressant drug therapy failure: A study of antidepressant use patterns in a Medicaid population. J Clin Psychiatry 51:60-69.
55. McCombs JS, Nichol MB, Stimmel GL (1998) The role of SSRI antidepressants for treating depressed patients in the California Medicaid (Medi-Cal) program. Int Clin Psychopharmacol (in press).
56. McFarland BH (1994) Cost-effectiveness considerations for managed care systems: Treating depression in primary care. Am J Med 97(suppl 6A): 47S-58S.
57. Melton ST, Kirkwood CK, Farrar TW, Brink DD, Carroll NV (1997) Economic evaluation of paroxetine and imipramine in depressed outpatient. Psychopharmacol Bull 33:93-100.
58. Mintz J, Mintz LI, Arruda MJ, Hwang SS (1992) Treatments of depression and the functional capacity to work. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49:761-768.
59. Montejo AL, Gilabate I, Formbellida C, Hylan TR, Sacristan JA (1998) Patrón de uso de los nuevos anti depressivos en la práctica clinica. Acta Luso-Esp Neurol Psiquiatra 26(2):75-82.
60. Montgomery SA (1989) Prophylaxis in recurrent unipolar depression: A new indication for treatment studies. J Psychopharmacol 3:47-53.
61. Montgomery SA, Bebbington P, Cowen P, Deakin W, Freeling P, Hallstrom C, Katona C, King D, Leonard B, Levine S, Phanjdo A, Peet M, Thompson C, Thompon C (1993) Guidelines for treating depressive illness with antidepressants. J Psychopharmacol 7:19-23.
62. Montgomery SA, Brown RE, Clark M (1996) Economic analysis of treating depression with nefazadone vs. imipramine. Brit J Psychiatry 168:768-71.
63. Moore MV (1997) More on what is an effective dose (letter). BMJ 314:827.
64. Murray CJ, Lopez AD (1996) The Global Burden of Disease. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
65. Navarro R, Valler WE, Spangle M (1995) Antidepressant utilization in managed care: An evaluation of SSRI use in two HMO settings. Med Interface 8:114-119,123.
66. Nuijten M, Hardens M, Soutre E (1995) A markov process analysis comparing the cost-effectiveness of maintenance therapy with citalopram versus standard therapy in major depression. Pharmacoeconomics 8:159-168.
67. Obenchain RL, Melfi CA, Croghan TW, Buesching DP (1997) Bootstrap analyses of cost-effectiveness in antidepressant pharmacotherapy. Pharmacoeconomics 11:464-472.
68. Olufade AO, Gregor KJ, James S (1998) Efficacy vs. effectiveness: The generalizability of randomized controlled trials in depression, data on file. Intl Clin Psychopharm (in press).
69. Pathiyal A, Hylan TR, Jones JK, Davtian D, Sverdlov L, Keyser M (1997) SSRI and anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic prescribing in a general practitioner setting in the Netherlands: A multivariate analysis. Clin Therapeut 19:1-14.
70. Paykel ES, Priest RG (1992) Recognition and management of depression in general practice. Br Med J 205:1198-1202.
71. Potter WZ, Rudorfer MV, Monji H (1991) The pharmacologic treatment of depression. NEJM 325:633-642.
72. Prien RF, Kupfer DJ (1986) Continuation drug therapy for major depressive disorder: How long should it be maintained? Am J Psychiatry 143:18-23.
73. Priest RG (1996) Cost-effectiveness of venlafaxine for the treatment of major depression in hospitalized patients. Clin Therapeut 18:347-358.
74. Quitkin FM, McGrath P, Stewart JW, Ocepek-Welikson K, Taylor BP, Nunes E, Deliyannides D, Agosti V, Donovan SJ, Petkova E, Klein DF (1996) Chronological milestones to guide drug change. When should clinicians switch antidepressants? Arch Gen Psychiatry 53:785-792.
75. Rascati K (1995) Drug utilization review of concomitant use of specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors or clomipramine with antianxiety/sleep medications. Clin Therapeutics 17: 786-790.
76. Revicki DA, Brown RE, Palmer W, Bakish D, Rosser WW, Anton SF, Feeny D (1996) Modeling the cost effectiveness of antidepressant treatment in primary care. Pharmacoeconomics 8:524-540.
77. Revicki DA, Brown RE, Keller MB, Gonzales J, Culpepper L, Hales RE (1997a) Cost-effectiveness of newer antidepressants compared with tricyclic antidepressants in managed care settings. J Clin Psychiatry 58:2:47-58.
78. Revicki DA, Palmer CS, Phillips SD, Reblando JA, Heiligenstein JH, Brent J, Kulig K (1997b) Acute medical costs of fluoxetine versus tricyclic antidepressants: A prospective multicentre studyof antidepressant drug overdoses. Pharmacoeconomics 11:48-55.
79. Rosholm J-U, Gram L (1993) Outpatient utilization of antidepressants: A prescription database analysis. J Affect Disord 27:21-28.
80. Sclar DA, Robison LM, Skaer TL, Legg RF, Nemec NL, Galin RS, Hughes TE, Buesching DP (1994) Antidepressant pharmacotherapy: Economic outcomes in a health maintenance organization. Clin Therapeut 16:715-730.
81. Sclar DA, Robison LM, Skaer TL, Galin RS, Legg RF, Nemec NL, Hughes TE, Buesching DP, Morgan M (1995) Antidepressant pharmacotherapy: Economic evaluation of fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline in a health maintenance organization. J Int Med Res 23:395-412.
82. Sclar DA, Skaer TL, Robison LM, Galin RS, Legg RF, Nemec NL (1997) Evidence-based algorithm for antidepressant pharmacotherapy. JAMA: SE Asia Edition, 13 (Suppl. 1):33-40.
83. Sclar DA, Skaer TL, Robison LM, Galin RS, Legg RF, Nemec NL (1998) Economic outcomes with antidepressant pharmacotherapy: A retrospective intent-to-treat analysis. J Clin Psychiatry (Supplement) (in press).
84. Sharfstein S (1997) Cost-effectiveness of psychiatric care. Am J Psychiatry 154:6-7.
85. Simon GE, Fishman P (1998) Cost implications of initial antidepressant selection in primary care. Pharmacoeconomics 3:61-70.
86. Simon GE, Von Korff M, Wagner EH, Barlow W (1993) Patterns of antidepressant use in community practice. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 15:399-408.
87. Simon GE, Von Korff M, Barlow W (1995a) Health care costs associated with depressive and anxiety disorders in primary care. Am J Psychiatry 152:352-357.
88. Simon GE, Von Korff M, Heiligenstein JH, Revicki DA, Grothaus L, Katon W, Wagner EH (1996) Initial antidepressant choice in primary care. Effectiveness and cost of fluoxetine vs. tricyclic antidepressants. JAMA 275:1897-1902.
89. Simon GE, Wagner E, Von Korff M (1995b) Cost-effectivness comparisons using real-world randomized trials - the case of new antidepressant drugs. J Clin Epidemiol 48:363-373.
90. Singletary T, North DS, Weiss M, Marman G (1997) A cost-effective approach to the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Am J Managed Care 3:125-129.
91. Skaer TL, Sclar DA, Robison LM, Galin RS, Legg RF, Nemec NL (1995) Economic valuation of amitriptyline, desipramine, nortriptyline, and sertraline in the management of patients with depression. Curr Therapeut Res 56:556-567.
92. Skaer TL, Sclar DA, Robison LM, Legg RF, Galin RS, Nemec NL (1996) Antidepressant pharmacotherapy: effect on women's resource utilization within a health maintenance organization. Appl Therapeut 1:45-52.
93. Smith W, Sherrill A (1996) A pharmacoeconomic study of the management of major depression: patients in a TennCare HMO. Medical Interface. July:88-92.
94. Song F, Freemantle N, Sheldon TA (1994) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: Meta-analysis of efficacy and acceptability. Brit Med J 306:683-687.
95. Sturm R, Wells K (1995) How can care for depression become more cost-effective? JAMA 273:51-58.
96. Stewart A (1994) Antidepressant pharmacotherapy:cost comparison of SSRIs and TCAs. Brit J Med Econom 7:67-79.
97. Swedish Board of Health (1995) Lakemedelsverket Argang 6, nr. 5.
98. Tan RS (1997) Low dose tricyclic antidepressants are effective in treating major depression (letter). BMJ 314:827.
99. Thompson D, Buesching DP, Gregor KJ, Oster G (1996) Patterns of antidepressant use and their relations to costs of care. Am J Managed Care 2:1239-1246.
100. Tollefson GD (1991) Antidepressant treatment and side effect consideration. J Clin Psychiatry 52:4-13.
101. Tollefson GD, Souetre E, Thomander L, Potvin JH (1993) Comorbid anxious signs and symptoms in major depression: Impact on functional work capacity and comparative treatment outcomes. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 8:281-293.
102. Truter I, Kotze TJ (1996) An investigation into the prescribing palterns of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in South Africa. J Clin Pharm Therapeut 21:237-242.
103. Wells KB, Stewart A, Hays RD, Burnam A, Robers W, Daniels M, Berry S, Greenfield S, Ware J (1989) The functioning and well-being of depressed patients. Results from the medical outcomes study. JAMA 262:914-919.
104. Woods S, Rizzo J (1997) Cost-effectiveness of antidepressants reassessed. Brit J Psychiatry 257-263 Volume 170.
105. van der Kuy A (1997) Farmacotherapeutisch Kompas 1997, Ziekenfondsraad, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
106. World Health Organization Mental Health Collaborating Centers (1989) Pharmacotherapy of depressive disorders: WHO consensus statement. J Affect Disord 17:197-198.