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Patrignani P, Panara MR, Greco A, Fusco O, Natoli C, Iacobelli S, Cipoline F, Ganci A, Cremion C, Macloy J, et al.: Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of the cyclooxygenase activity of human blood prostaglandin endoperoxide synthases. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1994, 271:1705-1712.
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Furst DE: Are there differences among nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs? Comparing acetylated salicylates, nonacetylated salicylates, and nonacetylated nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Arthritis Rheum 1994, 37:1-9.
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Langenbach R, Morham SG, Tiano HF, Loftin CD, Ghanayem BI, Chulada PC, Mahler JF, Lee CA: Prostaglandin synthase 1 gene disruption in mice reduces arachidonic acid-induced inflammation and indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration. Cell 1995, 83:483-492.
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Infertility may sometimes be associated with NSAID consumption
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Nuki G: Reversible ovulatory failure associated with lutenized unruptured follicles in women with inflammatory arthritis taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Br J Rheum 1996, 35:458-462.
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The mode of action of aspirin-like drugs: Effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase
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Amin AR, Vyas P, Attur M, Leszczynska-Piziak J, Patel IR, Weissman G, Abramson SB: The mode of action of aspirin-like drugs: effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995, 92:7926-7930.
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Charleson S, Cartwright M, Frank J, Riendeau D, Mancini J, Kargamn Au, Evans J, O'Neill G: Characterization of prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 and 2 in rat, dog, monkey, and human gastrointestinal tracts. Gastroenterology 1996, 111:445-454. One of the first well-designed studies to demonstrate clearly that COX-1 activity is the important isoform to produce those prostaglandins involved in maintenance of the normal functioning gastrointestinal mucosa.
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Risk of aspirin-associated major upper gastrointestinal bleeding with enteric coated or buffered product
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Koff, R.S.1
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Henry D, Lim LL, Garcia Rodriguez LA, Perez Gutthann S, Carson JL, Griffin M, Savage R, Logan R, Monde Y, Hawkey C, et al.: Variability in the risk of gastrointestinal complications with individual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: results of a collaborative meta analysis. BMJ 1996, 312:1563-1566. A good article demonstrating the inherent flaws in those studies attempting to rank the various NSAIDs in terms of their individual risk for precipitating an NSAID-induced toxic reaction.
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BMJ
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Prevention of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-induced gastrointestinal mucosal injury: A metaanalysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
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2-antagonists, proton-pump inhibitors, and antacids that do not prevent upper gastrointestinal toxicity when patients are treated with NSAIDs. The use of misoprostol at decreasing both gastric and duodenal ulcers is again demonstrated.
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Arch Intern Med
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Adv Pharmacol
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Smalley, W.E.1
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NSAID use and decreased risk of gastrointestinal cancers
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Thun MJ: NSAID use and decreased risk of gastrointestinal cancers. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1996, 25:333-347. An excellent review of the present data regarding the use of NSAIDs as chemopreventors of colorectal cancers.
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Gastroenterol Clin North Am
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Thun, M.J.1
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Peleg II, Lubin MF, Cotsonia GA, Clark WS, Wilcox CM: Longterm use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and other chemopreventors and risk of subsequent colorectal neoplasia. Dig Dis Sci 1996, 41:1319-1326. This interesting paper demonstrates some interesting results noted from epidemiologic studies of the effects of NSAIDs on colorectal cancer development.
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Dig Dis Sci
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Peleg, I.I.1
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Giardello FM, Offerhaus JA, Tersmette AC, Hylind LM, Krush AJ, Brensinger JD, Booker SV, Hamilton SR: Sulindac induced regression of colorectal adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis: evaluation of predictive factors. Gut 1996, 38:578-581.
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Gut
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Thun MJ, Namboodiri MM, Calle EE, Flanders WD, Heath CW Jr: Aspirin use and risk of fatal cancer. Cancer Res 1993, 53:1322-1327.
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Cancer Res
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Ann Med
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Sheng H, Shao J, Kirkland S, Isakson P, Coffey RJ, Morrow J, Beauchamp RD, DuBois RN: Inhibition of human colon cancer cell growth by selective inhibition of Cyclooxygenase 2. J Clin Invest 1997, 99:2254-2259. An important paper demonstrating that COX-2 activity is upregulated in proliferating colorectal tumors and that their growth is inhibited by selective inhibitors of this enzyme.
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J Clin Invest
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Evaluation of Cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor for potential chemopreventive properties in colon carcinogenesis
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Lu X, Xie W, Reed D: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs cause apoptosis and induce cyclooxygenases in chicken embryo fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995, 92:7961-7965.
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Hirota C, Iida M, Aoyagi K, Matsumoto T, Tada S, Yao T, Fujishima M: Effect of indomethacin suppositories on rectal polyposis in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Cancer 1996, 78:1660-1665.
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Superinduction of cyclooxygenase-2 activity in human osteoarthritis-affected cartilage
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Amin AR, Vyas P, Attur M, Patel RN, Thakker GD, Marshall PJ, Rediske J, Stuchin SA, Patel IR, Abramson AB: Superinduction of cyclooxygenase-2 activity in human osteoarthritis-affected cartilage. J Clin Invest 1997, 99:1231-1237. This important paper demonstrates that there may yet be important effects of highly selective COX-2 inhibition that we do not yet appreciate. Whether or not cartilage repair is modulated through upregulation of COX-2 is still debatable, but this study demonstrates that osteoarthritic cartilage expiants in tissue culture have increased levels of prostaglandins in the media due to induction of COX-2 activity. Whether this is caused by the experimental model or a natural event remains unknown.
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J Clin Invest
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Amin, A.R.1
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