Use of cyclical etidronate and prevention of non-vertebral fractures

British Journal of Rheumatology

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 87-94

  Van Staa, T P ^a   Abenhaim, L ^b,c   Cooper, C ^d  

^a PROCTER AND GAMBLE COMPANY   (United States)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^d SOUTHAMPTON GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cyclical etidronate; Epidemiology; Fractures; Osteoporosis

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM CHANNEL AFFECTING AGENT; ETIDRONIC ACID;

AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HIP FRACTURE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OSTEOPOROSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; WRIST FRACTURE;

EID: 0031828018     PISSN: 02637103     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/37.1.87     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Marcus R. The nature of osteoporosis. In: Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J, eds. Osteoporosis. San Diego: Academic Press, 1996:647-59.
2. Conference Report. Consensus development conference: diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis. Am J Med 1993;94:646-50.
3. The WHO Study Group. Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1994.
4. Compston JE, Cooper C, Kanis JA. Bone densitometry in clinical practice. Br Med J 1995;310:1507-10.
5. Riggs BL, Melton III LJ, O'Fallon WM. Drug therapy for vertebral fractures in osteoporosis: evidence that decreases in bone turnover and increases in bone mass both determine antifracture efficacy. Bone 1996;18(suppl. 3):197S-201S.
6. Seeman E, Tsalamandris C, Bass S, Pearce G. Present and future of osteoporosis therapy. Bone 1995;17(suppl.):23-9.
7. Cummings SR, Black DM, Vogt TM for the FIT Research Group. Changes in BMD substantially underestimate the anti-fracture effects of alendronate and other antiresorptive drugs. J Bone Miner Res 1996;11(suppl. 1):102.
8. Kanis JA, Johnell O, Gullberg B et al. Evidence for efficacy of drugs affecting bone metabolism in preventing hip fracture. Br Med J 1992;305:1124-8.
9. Eastell R, Wahner HW, O'Fallon WM, Amadio PC, Melton III LJ, Riggs BL. Unequal decrease in bone density of lumbar spine and ultradistal radius in Colles' and vertebral fracture syndromes. J Clin Invest 1989;83:168-74.
10. Slemenda CW, Johnston CC, Hui SL. Assessing fracture risk. In: Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J, eds. Osteoporosis. San Diego: Academic Press, 1996:623-33.
11. Heaney RP. How do we know what we know? The randomized controlled trial revisited J Bone Miner Res 1991;6:103-5.
12. Heaney RP. How can we tell if a treatment works? Further thoughts on the randomized controlled trial Osteoporosis Int 1991;1:215-7.
13. Kramer MS, Shapiro SH. Scientific challenges in the application of randomized trials. J Am Med Assoc 1984;252:2739-45.
14. Strom BL, Melmon KL, Miettinen OS. Postmarketing studies of drug efficacy: When must they be randomised. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1983;34:1-7.
15. Strom BL, Miettinen OS, Melmon KL. Postmarketing studies of drug efficacy: how? Am J Med 1984;77:703-8.
16. Strom BL, Melmon KL, Miettinen OS. Postmarketing studies of drug efficacy: why? Am J Med 1985;78:475-80.
17. Strom BL, Miettinen OS, Melmon KL. Postmarketing studies of drug efficacy. [Editorial] Arch Intern Med 1985;145:1791-4.
18. Hall G. Pharmacoepidemiology using a UK Database of Primary Care Records. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Safety 1992;1:33-7.
19. Lis Y, Mann RD. The Vamp research multi-purpose database in the U.K. J Clin Epidemiol 1995;48:431-43.
20. Mann RD, Hall G, Chukwujindu S. Research implications of computerised primary care. Post Market Surveillance 1992;5:259-68.
21. Hollowell J. General Practice Research Database (GPRD): Scope and quality of data. London: Office of Population Censuses and Statistics, 1994.
22. Anonymous. The general practice research database: information for researchers. London: Office for National Statistics, 1996.
23. Jick H, Jick SS, Derby LE. Validation of information recorded on general practitioner based computerised data resource in the United Kingdom. Br Med J 1991;302:766-8.
24. Jick H, Terris BZ, Derby LE, Jick SS. Further validation of information recorded on a general practitioner computerised data resource in the United Kingdom. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Safety 1992;1:347-9.
25. Nazareth I, King M, Haines A, Rangel L, Myers S. Accuracy of diagnosis of psychosis on general practice computer system. Br Med J 1993;307:32-4.
26. Van Staa TP, Abenhaim L. The quality of information recorded on a UK database of primary care records: a study of hospitalization due to hypoglycemia and other conditions. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Safety 1994;3:15-21.
27. Anderson JJB, Tylavsky FA Diet and osteopenia in elderly caucasian women. In: Christiansen C, Arnaud CD, Nordin BEC, Parfitt AM, Peck WA, Riggs BL, eds. Osteoporosis: proceedings of the Copenhagen symposium on osteoporosis June 3-8, 1984. Denmark: Department of Clin Chemistry, Glostrup Hospital, 1984:299-304.
28. Cooper C, Melton III LJ Magnitude and impact of osteoporosis and fractures. In: Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J, eds. Osteoporosis. San Diego: Academic Press, 1996:419-34.
29. Cumming RG, Klineberg RJ. Psychotropics, thiazide diuretics and hip fractures in the elderly. Med J Aust 1993;158:414-7.
30. Cummings SR, Nevitt MC, Browner WS et al. Risk factors for hip fractures in white women. N Engl J Med 1995;332:767-73.
31. Cummings SR, Nevitt MC. Epidemiology of hip fractures and falls. In: Kleerekoper M, Krane SM, eds. Clinical disorders of bone and mineral metabolism. New York: Mary Ann Liebert Inc., 1989:231-6.
32. Dempster DW, Lindsay R. Pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Lancet 1993;341:797-805.
33. Granek E, Baker SP, Abbey H et al. Medications and diagnoses in relation to falls in a long-term care facility. J Am Geriatr Soc 1987;35:503-11.
34. Grisso JA, Capezuti E, Schwartz A. Falls as risk factors for fractures. In: Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J, eds. Osteoporosis. San Diego: Academic Press, 1996:599-611.
35. Herings RMC, Stricker BHC, de Boer A, Bakker A, Sturmans F, Stergachis A. Current use of thiazide diuretics and prevention of femur fractures. J Clin Epidemiol 1996;49:115-9.
36. Jones G, Nguyen T, Sambrook PN, Eisman JA. Thiazide diuretics and fractures: can meta-analysis help? J Bone Miner Res 1995;10:106-11.
37. Lauritzen JB, McNair PA, Lund B. Risk factors for hip fractures: a review. Dan Med Bull 1993;40:479-85.
38. Lukert B. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. In: Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J, eds. Osteoporosis. San Diego: Academic Press, 1996:801-13.
39. Paulson GW, Schafer K, Hallum B. Avoiding mental changes and falls in older Parkinson's patients. Geriatrics 1986;41:59-67.
40. Ray WA, Griffin MR, Malcolm E. Cyclic antidepressants and the risk of hip fracture. Arch Intern Med 1991;151:754-6.
41. Ray WA, Griffin MR, Downey W. Benzodiazepines of long and short elimination half-life and the risk of hip fracture. J Am Med Assoc 1989;262:3303-7.
42. Ross PD, Davis JW, Epstein RS, Wasnich RD. Pre-existing fractures and bone mass predict vertebral fracture incidence in women. Ann Intern Med 1991;114:919-23.
43. Ryynanen OP, Kivela SL, Honakanen R, Laippala P, Saano V. Medications and chronic diseases as risk factors for falling injuries in the elderly. Scand J Soc Med 1993;4:264-71.
44. Shane E. Osteoporosis associated with illness and medications. In: Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J, eds. Osteoporosis. San Diego: Academic Press, 1996:925-46.
45. Suwanwalaikorn S, Baran D. Thyroid hormone and the skeleton. In: Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J, eds. Osteoporosis. San Diego: Academic Press, 1996:855-61.
46. Winner SJ, Morgan CA, Grimley Evans J. Perimenopausal risk of falling and incidence of distal forearm fracture. Br Med J 1989;298:1486-8.
47. Kleinbaum DG, Kupper LL, Morgenstern H. Epidemiologic research: principles and quantitative methods. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. Inc., 1982.
48. Rothman KJ. Modern epidemiology. Boston: Little Brown and Co., 1986.
49. Windeler J, Lange S. Events per person year - a dubious concept. Br Med J 1995;310:454-6.
50. Greenland S. Modeling and variable selection in epidemiologic analysis. Am J Public Health 1989;79: 340-9.
51. Francis RM. Oral bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis: A Review. Curr Ther Res 1995;56:831-51.
52. Watts NB, Harris ST, Genant HK, Wasnich RD, Miller PD, Jackson RD et al. Intermittent cyclical etidronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 1990;323:73-9.
53. Storm T, Kollerup G, Thamsborg G, Genant HK, Sorensen OH. Five years of experience with intermittent cyclical etidronate for postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Rheumatol 1996;23:1560-4.
54. Liberman UA, Weiss SR, Brolli J, Winne HW, Quan H, Bell NH et al. Effect of alendronate on bone mineral density and the incidence of fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1437-43.
55. Black DM, Cummings SR, Karpf DB et al. Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures. Lancet 1996;348:1535-41.
56. de Groen PC, Lubbe DF, Hirsh LJ, Daifotis A, Stephenson W, Freedholm D et al. Esophagitis associated with the use of alendronate. N Engl J Med 1996;335:1016-21.
57. van Staa TP, Abenhaim L, Cooper C. Upper gastrointestinal safety profile of cyclical etidronate. J Bone Min Res 1996;11(suppl. 1):S343.
58. Lukert B. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. In: Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J, eds. Osteoporosis. San Diego: Academic Press, 1996:801-20.
59. Cooper C, Melton III LJ. Epidemiology of osteoporosis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 1992;3:224-9.
60. Donaldson LJ, Cook A, Thomson RG. Incidence of fractures in a geographically defined population. J Epidemiol Community Health 1990;44:241-5.
61. Cummings SR, Kelsey JL, Nevitt MC, O'Dowd KJ. Epidemiology of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. Epidemiol Rev 1985;7:178-208.
62. Dent CE, Waltson L. Osteoporosis. Postgrad Med J 1966;42(suppl.):583-608.
63. Kanis JA. Treatment of osteoporotic fracture. Lancet 1984;i:27-33.