Petrogenesis of the flood basalts forming the northern Kerguelen Archipelago: Implications for the Kerguelen Plume

Journal of Petrology

Volumn 39, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 711-748

  Yang, Huai Jen ^a   Frey, Frederick A ^a   Weis, Dominique ^b   Giret, Andre ^c   Pyle, Doug ^d,e   Michon, Gilbert ^c  

^a MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITÉ LIBRE DE BRUXELLES   (Belgium)

^c UNIVERSITÉ JEAN MONNET   (France)

^d WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION   (United States)

^e SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Basalt petrogenesis; Buffered differentiation; Kerguelen Plume; Ocean island basalt; Plume lithosphere interaction

Indexed keywords

FLOOD BASALT; MANTLE PLUME; PETROGENESIS;

INDIAN OCEAN;

EID: 0031825282     PISSN: 00223530     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/petroj/39.4.711     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. Albarède, F. (1985). Regime and trace-element evolution of open magma chambers. Nature 318, 356-358.
2. Albarède, F., Luais, B., Fitton, G., Semet, M., Kaminski, E., Upton, B. G. J., Bachelery, P. & Cheminée, J.-L. (1997). The geochemical regimes of Piton de la Fournaise volcano (Réunion) during the last 530000 years. Journal of Petrology 38, 171-201.
3. Bedard, J. H. (1993). Oceanic crust as a reactive filter: synkinematic intrusion, hybridization, and assimilation in an ophiolitic magma chamber, western Newfoundland. Geology 21, 77-80.
4. Benoit, M., Polve, M. & Ceuleneer, G. (1996). Trace element and isotopic characterization of mafic cumulates in a fossil mantle diapir (Oman ophiolite). Chemical Geology 134, 199-214.
5. Bergantz, G. W. (1995). Changing techniques and paradigms for the evaluation of magmatic processes. Journal of Geophysical Research 100, 17603-17613.
6. Blundy, J. D. & Wood, B. J. (1991). Crystal-chemical control on the partitioning of Sr and Ba between plagioclase feldspar, silicate melts, and hydrothermal solution. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 55, 193-209.
7. Clague, D. A., Moore, J. G., Dixon, J. E. & Friesen, W. B. (1995). Petrology of submarine lavas from Kilauea's Puna Ridge, Hawaii. Journal of Petrology 36, 299-349.
8. Class, C., Goldstein, S. L., Galer, S. J. G. & Weis, D. (1993). Young formation of a mantle plume source. Nature 362, 715-721.
9. Class, C., Goldstein, S. L. & Galer, S. J. G. (1996). Discussion of 'Temporal evolution of the Kerguelen plume: geochemical evidence from ∼38 to 82 Ma lavas forming the Ninetyeast Ridge' by F. A. Frey and D. Weis. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 124, 98-103.
10. Coffin, M. & Eldholm, O. (1994). Large igneous provinces: crustal structure, dimensions, and external consequences. Reviews of Geophysics 32, 1-36.
11. Coffin, M. & Gahagan, L.M. (1995). Ontong Java and Kerguelen Plateaux: Cretaceous Icelands? Journal of the Geological Society, London 152, 1047-1052.
12. Cox, K. G. (1988). Numerical modelling of a randomized RTF magma chamber: a comparison with continental flood basalt sequences. Journal of Petrology 29, 681-697.
13. Creaser, R. A., Papanastassiou, D. A. & Wasserburg, G. J. (1991). Negative thermal ion mass spectrometry of osmium, rhenium, and iridium. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 55, 397-401.
14. Damasceno, D., Nicolaysen, K., Weis, D., Scoates, J., Frey, F. A. & Giret, A. (1997). The Kerguelen Plume: constraints from the 24.5 Ma alkalic basalts at Mont Crozier (Kerguelen Archipelago). EOS Transactions, American Geophysical Union 78, F728-729.
15. Dosso, L. & Murthy, V. R. (1980). A Nd isotopic study of the Kerguelen Islands: inferences on enriched oceanic mantle sources. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 48, 268-276.
16. Dosso, L., Vidal, P., Cantagrel, J. M., Lameyre, J., Marot, A. & Zimine, S. (1979). 'Kerguelen: continental fragment or oceanic island?': petrology and isotopic geochemistry evidence. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 43, 46-60.
17. Dosso, L., Bougault, H., Beuzart, P., Calvez, J.-Y. & Joron, J.-L. (1988). The geochemical structure of the South-East Indian Ridge. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 88, 47-59.
18. Duncan, R. A. & Storey, M. (1992). The life cycle of Indian Ocean hotspots. In: Duncan, R. A., Rea, D. K., Kidd, R. B., von Rad, U. & Weissel, J. K. (eds) Synthesis of Results from Scientific Drilling in the Indian Ocean. Geophysical Monograph, American Geophysical Union 70, 91-103.
19. Frey, F. A. & Weis, D. (1995). Temporal evolution of the Kerguelen plume: geochemical evidence from ∼38 to 82 Ma lavas forming the Ninetyeast Ridge. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 121, 12-28.
20. Frey, F. A. & Weis, D. (1996). Reply to the Class et al. discussion of 'Temporal evolution of the Kerguelen plume: geochemical evidence from ∼38 to 82 Ma lavas forming the Ninetyeast Ridge' by F. A. Frey and D. Weis. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 124, 104-110.
21. Frey, F. A., Wise, W. S., Garcia, M. O., West, H., Kwon, S.-T. & Kennedy, A. (1990). Evolution of Mauna Kea Volcano, Hawaii: petrologic and geochemical constraints on postshield volcanism. Journal of Geophysical Research 95, 1271-1300.
22. Frey, F. A., Jones, W. B., Davis, H. & Weis, D. (1991). Geochemical and petrological data for basalts from Sites 756, 757, and 758: implications for the origin and evolution of Ninetyeast Ridge. In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 121. College Station, TX: Ocean Drilling Program, pp. 611-659.
23. Frey, F. A., McNaughton, N. J., Nelson, D. R., deLaeter, J. R. & Duncan, R. A. (1996). Petrogenesis of the Bunbury Basalt, Western Australia: interaction between the Kerguelen plume and Gondwana lithosphere? Earth and Planetary Science Letters 144, 163-183.
24. Gautier, I., Weis, D., Mennessier, J.-P., Vidal, P., Giret, A. & Loubet, M. (1990). Petrology and geochemistry of the Kerguelen Archipelago basalts (South Indian Ocean): evolution of mantle sources from ridge to intraplate position. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 100, 59-76.
25. Giret, A. (1990). Typology, evolution, and origin of the Kerguelen plutonic series, Indian Ocean: a review. Geological Journal 25, 239-247.
26. Giret, A. & Lameyre, L. (1983). A study of Kerguelen plutonism: petrology, geochronology and geological implications. In: Oliver, R. L., James, P. R. & Jago, J. B. (eds) Antarctic Earth Sciences. Canberra, ACT: Australian Academy of Sciences, pp. 646-651.
27. Giret, A., Verdier, O. & Nativel, P. (1992). The zeolitisation of Kerguelen Islands, Southern Indian Ocean. In: Yoshida, Y., et al. (eds) Recent Progress in Antarctic Earth Science, Tokyo: Terra Publishing Co., pp. 457-463.
28. Green, T. H. (1994). Experimental studies of trace element partitioning applicable to igneous petrogenesis. Chemical Geology 117, 1-36.
29. Grégoire, I., Mattieli, N. C., Cottin, J. Y., Leyrit, H., Weis, D., Shimizu, N. & Giret, A. (1994). Oceanic mafic granulite xenoliths from the Kerguelen archipelago. Nature 367, 360-363.
30. Grégoire, M., Cottin, J. Y., Mattielli, N., Nicollet, C., Weis, D. & Giret, A. (1995). The Kerguelen Archipelago: a hypothetic continental mafic protolith. Terra Antarctica 2, 1-6.
31. Grégoire, M., Lorand, J. P., Cottin, J. Y., Giret, A., Mattielli, N. & Weis, D. (1997). Petrology of Kerguelen mantle xenoliths: evidence of a refractory oceanic mantle percolated by basaltic melts beneath the Kerguelen Archipelago. European Journal of Mineralogy 9, 1085-1100.
32. Hamelin, B., Dupre, B. & Allègre, C. J. (1986). Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic data of Indian Ocean ridges: new evidence of large-scale mapping of mantle heterogeneities. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 76, 288-298.
33. Hanson, G. N. (1989). An approach to trace element modeling using a simple igneous system as an example. In: Lipin, B. R. & McKay, G. A. (eds) Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Rare Earth Elements. Mineralogical Society of America, Reviews in Mineralogy 21, 79-97.
34. Hassler, D. R. & Shimizu, N. (1995). Old peridotite xenoliths from the Kerguelen islands. EOS Transactions, American Geophysical Union 76, 693.
35. Hauri, E. H. & Hart, S. R. (1993). Re-Os isotope systematics of HIMU and EMII oceanic island basalts from the South Pacific Ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 114, 353-371.
36. Hauri, E. H., Lassiter, J. C. & DePaolo, D. J. (1996). Osmium isotope systematics of drilled lavas from Mauna Loa, Hawaii. Journal of Geophysical Research 101, 11793-11806.
37. Hoffman, E. L., Naldrett, A. J., Loon, J. C. V., Hancock, R. G. V. & Manson, A. (1978). The determination of all the platinum group elements and gold in rocks and ore by neutron activation analysis after preconcentration by a nickel sulfide fire-assay technique of large samples. Analytica Chimica Acta 102, 157-166.
38. Hofmann, A. W. & White, W. M. (1983). Ba, Rb and Cs in the Earth's mantle. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 38a, 258-266.
39. Hofmann, A. W. & Jochum, K. P. (1996). Source characteristics derived from very incompatible trace elements in Mauna Loa and Mauna Kea basalts (Hawaiian Scientific Drilling Project). Journal of Geophysical Research 101, 11831-11839.
40. Hofmann, A. W., Jochum, K. P., Seufert, M. & White, W. M. (1986). Nb and Pb in oceanic basalts: new constraints on mantle evolution. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 79, 33-45.
41. Ila, P. & Frey, F. A. (1984). Utilization of neutron activation analysis in the study of geological materials. Atomkernernergie Kerntechnik 44, 710-716.
42. Jakobsson, S. P. (1979). Petrology of Recent basalts of the Eastern Volcanic Zone, Iceland. Icelandic Museum of Natural History, Acta Naturalia Islandica 26, 103.
43. Kennedy, A. K., Kwon, S.-T., Frey, F. A. & West, H. B. (1991). The isolupic composition of postshield lavas from Mauna Kea Volcano, Hawaii. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 103, 339-353.
44. Lameyre, J., Marot, A., Zimine, S., Cantagrel, J. M., Dosso, L. & Vidal, Ph. (1976). Chronological evolution of the Kerguelen Islands syenite-granite ring complexes. Nature 263, 303-307.
45. 187Re. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53, 1597-1606.
46. Macdonald, G. A. & Katsura, T. (1964). Chemical compositions of Hawaiian lavas. Journal of Petrology 5, 82-133.
47. Mahoney, J. J., Jones, W. B., Frey, F. A., Salters, V. J., Pyle, D. G. & Davies, H. L. (1995). Geochemical characteristics of lavas from Broken Ridge, the Naturaliste Plateau and southernmost Kerguelen Plateau: Cretaceous plateau volcanism in the southeast Indian Ocean. Chemical Geology 120, 315-345.
48. Marcantonio, F., Zindler, A., Elliott, T. & Staudigel, H. (1995). Os isotope systematics of La Palma, Canary Islands: evidence for recycled crust in the mantle source of HIMU ocean islands. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 133, 397-410.
49. Marsh, B. D. (1996). Solidification fronts and magmatic evolution. Mineralogical Magazine 60, 5-40.
50. Martin, C. E., Carlson, R. W., Shirey, S. B., Frey, F. A. & Chen, C.-Y. (1994). Os isotopic variation in basalts from Haleakala Volcano, Maui, Hawaii: a record of magmatic processes in oceanic mantle and crust. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 128, 287-301.
51. Mattielli, N. (1996). Magmatisme et métasomatisme associés au panache des Kerguelen: contribution de la géochimie des enclaves basiques et ultrabasiques. Ph.D thesis, Université Libre de Bruxelles.
52. Mattielli, N., Weis, D., Grégoire, M., Mennessier, J. P., Cottin, J. Y. & Giret, A. (1996). Kerguelen basic and ultramafic xenoliths: evidence for long-lived Kerguelen hotspot activity. Lithos 37, 261-281.
53. Michard, A., Montigny, R. & Schlich, R. (1986). Geochemistry of the mantle beneath the Rodriguez Triple Junction and the South-East Indian Ridge. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 78, 104-114.
54. Munschy, M., Fritsch, B., Schlich, R. & Rotstein, Y. (1994). Tectonique extensive sur le plateau de Kerguelen. Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France 166, 99-108.
55. 39Ar geochronology of flood basalts forming the Kerguelen Archipelago. EOS Transactions, American Geophysical Union 77, 824.
56. O'Hara, M. J. & Fry, N. (1996a). The highly compatible trace element paradox - fractional crystallization revisited. Journal of Petrology 37, 859-890.
57. O'Hara, M. J. & Fry, N. (1996b). Geochemical effects of small packet crystallization in large magma chambers - further resolution of the highly compatible element paradox. Journal of Petrology 37, 891-925.
58. O'Hara, M. J. & Mathews, R. E. (1981). Geochemical evolution in an advancing, periodically replenished, periodically tapped, continuously fractionated magma chamber. Journal of the Geological Society, London 138, 237-277.
59. Recq, M., Brefort, D., Malod, J. & Veinante, J.-L. (1990). The Kerguelen Isles (Southern Indian Ocean): new results on deep structure from refraction profiles. Tectonophysics 182, 227-248.
60. Reisberg, L., Zindler, A., Marcantonio, F., White, W., Wyman, D. & Weaver, B. (1993). Os isotope systematics in ocean island basalts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 120, 149-167.
61. Reynolds, R. W. & Geist, D. J. (1995). Petrology of lavas from Sierra Negra volcano, Isabela Island, Galapagos archipelago. Journal of Geophysical Research 100, 24537-24553.
62. Rhodes, J. M. (1988). Geochemistry of the 1984 Mauna Loa eruption: implication for magma storage and supply. Journal of Geophysical Research 93, 4453-4466.
63. 186Os in oceanic island basalts: tracing crust recycling in the mantle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 129, 145-161.
64. Salters, V.J., Storey, M., Sevigny, J. H. & Whitechurch, H. (1992). Trace element and isotopic characteristics of Kerguelen-Heard Plateau basalts. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 120. College Station, TX: Ocean Drilling Program, pp. 55-62.
65. Saunders, A. D., Storey, M., Gibson, I. L., Leat, P., Hart, J. & Thompson, R. N. (1991). Chemical and isotopic constraints on the origin of basalts from Ninetyeast Ridge, Indian Ocean: results from DSDP Legs 22 and 26 and ODP Leg 121. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 121. College Station, TX: Ocean Drilling Program, pp. 559-590.
66. Schiano, P., Clocchiatti, R., Shimizu, N., Weis, D. & Mattielli, N. (1994). Cogenetic silica-rich and carbonate-rich melts trapped in mantle minerals in Kerguelen ultramafic xenoliths: implications for metasomatism in the oceanic upper mantle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 123, 167-178.
67. Sinton, J. M. & Detrick, R. S. (1992), Mid-ocean ridge magma chambers. Journal of Geophysical Research 97, 197-216.
68. Storey, M., Saunders, A. D., Tarney, J., Leat, P., Thirlwall, M. F., Thompson, R. N., Menzies, M. A. & Marriner, G. F. (1988). Geochemical evidence for plume-mantle interactions beneath Kerguelen and Heard Islands, Indian Ocean. Nature 336, 371-374.
69. Sun, S.-S. & McDonough, W. F. (1989). Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. In: Saunders, A. D. & Norry, M. J. (eds) Magmatism in the Ocean Basins. Geological Society, London, Special Publication 42, 313-345.
70. Toplis, M. J. & Carroll, M. R. (1995). An experimental study of the influence of oxygen fugacity on Fe-Ti oxide stability, phase relations, and mineral-melt equilibria in ferro-basaltic systems. Journal of Petrology 36, 1137-1170.
71. Toplis, M. J. & Carroll, M. R. (1996). Differentiation of ferro-basaltic magmas under conditions open and closed to oxygen: implications for the Skaergaard intrusion and other natural systems. Journal of Petrology 37, 837-858.
72. Volkening, J., Walczyk, T. & Heumann, K. G. (1991). Osmium isotope ratio determinations by negative thermal ionization mass spectrometry. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry Ion Processes 105, 147-159.
73. Walker, G. P. L. (1960). Zeolite zones and dike distribution in relation to the structure of the basalts of Eastern Iceland. Journal of Geology 68, 515-528.
74. Watkins, N. D., Gunn, B. M., Nougier, J. & Baksi, A. K. (1974). Kerguelen: continental fragment or oceanic: island? Geological Society of America Bulletin 85, 201-212.
75. Weaver, B. L. (1991). The origin of ocean island basalt end-member compositions: trace element and isotopic constraints. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 104, 381-397.
76. Weis, D. & Frey, F. A. (1991). Isotope geochemistry of Ninetyeast Ridge basalts: Sr, Nd, and Pb evidence for the involvement of the Kerguelen hot spot. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 121. College Station, TX: Ocean Drilling Program, pp. 591-610.
77. Weis, D. & Frey, F. A. (1996). Oceanic island magmatism - Hawaii vs. Kerguelen: What do we learn from differences between plumes? EOS Transactions, American Geophysical Union 77, F805.
78. Weis, D. & Giret, A. (1994). Kerguelen plutonic complexes: Sr, Nd, Pb isotopic study and inferences about their sources, age, and geodynamic setting. Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France 166, 47-59.
79. Weis, D., Bassias, Y., Gautier, I. & Mennessier, J.-P. (1989). Dupal anomaly in existence 115 Ma ago: evidence from isotopic study of the Kerguelen Plateau (South Indian Ocean). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53, 2125-2131.
80. Weis, D., White, W. M., Frey, F. A., Duncan, R. A., Fisk, M. R., Dehn, J., Ludden, J., Saunders, A. & Storey, M. (1992). The influence of mantle plumes in generation of Indian oceanic crust. In: Duncan, R. A., Rea, D. K., Kidd, R. B., Rad, U. & Weissel, J. K. (eds) Synthesis of Results from Scientific Drilling in the Indian Ocean, 70. Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, pp. 57-89.
81. Weis, D., Frey, F. A., Leyrit, H. & Gautier, I. (1993). Kerguelen Archipelago revisited: geochemical and isotopic study of the Southeast Province lavas. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 118, 101-119.
82. Weis, D., Frey, F. A., Giret, A. & Cantagrel, J.-M. (1998). Geochemical characteristics of the youngest volcano (Mount Ross) in the Kerguelen Archipelago: inferences for magma flux, lithosphere assimilation and composition of the Kerguelen Plume. Journal of Petrology 39, in press.
83. White, W. M. & Hofmann, A. W. (1982). Sr and Nd isotope geochemistry of oceanic basalts and mantle evolution. Nature 296, 821-825.
84. Widom, E. & Shirey, S. B. (1996). Os isotope systematics in the Azores: implications for mantle plume sources. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 142, 451-465.
85. Wood, D. A., Gibson, I. L. & Thompson, R. N. (1976). Elemental mobility during zeolite facies metamorphism of the Tertiary basalts of eastern Iceland. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 55, 241-254.
86. Woodhead, J. D. & McCulloch, M. T. (1989). Ancient seafloor signals in Pitcairn Island lavas and evidence for large amplitude, small length-scale mantle heterogeneities. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 94, 257-273.