Seasonal cycles of meridional overturning and heat transport of the Indian Ocean

Journal of Physical Oceanography

Volumn 28, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 923-943

  Lee, Tong ^a   Marotzke, Jochem ^b  

^a CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CIRCULATION; GCM; HEAT TRANSPORT; SURFACE FLUX; TEMPERATURE;

INDIAN OCEAN;

EID: 0031821973     PISSN: 00223670     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<0923:SCOMOA>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Anderson, D. L. T., and D. J. Carrington, 1993: Modeling interannual variability in the Indian Ocean using momentum fluxes from the operational weather analyses of the United Kingdom Meteorological Office and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 12 483-12 499.
2. Boning, C. W., and P. Herrmann, 1994: Annual cycle of poleward heat transport in the ocean: Results from high-resolution modelling of the North and equatorial Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 91-107.
3. Cox, M. D., 1984: A primitive equation. 3-dimensional model of the ocean. GFDL Ocean Group Tech. Rep. No. 1. Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ.
4. Fieux, M., R. Molcard. and A. G. Ilahude, 1996: Geostrophic transport of the Pacific-Indian Oceans throughflow. J. Geophys, Res., 101, 12421-12432.
5. Fu, L.-L., 1986: Mass, heat, and freshwater fluxes in the South Indian Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 16, 1683-1693.
6. Garternicht, U., and F. Schott, 1997: Heat fluxes of the Indian Ocean from a global eddy-resolving model. J. Geophys. Res., in press.
7. Gill, A. E., and P. P. Niler, 1973: The theory of the seasonal variability in the ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 20, 141-147.
8. Hall, M. M., and H. L. Bryden, 1982: Direct estimates and mechanisms of ocean heat transport. Deep-Sea Res., 29, 339-360.
9. Hastenrath. S., and L. Greischar, 1993: The monsoonal heat budget of the hydrosphere-atmosphere system in the Indian Ocean sector. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 6869-6881.
10. Hellerman, S., and M. Rosenstein, 1983: Normal monthly wind stress over the World Ocean with error estimates. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1093-1104.
11. Latif, M., A. Sterl, M. Assenbaum, M. M. Junge, and E. Maier-Reimer, 1994: Climate variability in a coupled GCM. Part II: The Indian Ocean. J. Climate, 7, 1449-1462.
12. Lee, T., and J. Marotzke, 1997: Inferring meridional mass and heat transports of the Indian Ocean by fitting a general circulation model to climatological data. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 10 585-10 602.
13. Leetmaa, A., and H. Stommel, 1980: Equatorial current observations in the western Indian Ocean in 1975 and 1976. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 10, 258-269.
14. Levitus, S., 1982: Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean. NOAA Prof. Paper No. 13, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 173 pp.
15. _, and T. P. Boyer, 1994: World Ocean Atlas 1994. Vol. 4: Temperature. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 4, U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, NESDIS, 117 pp.
16. _, R. Burgett, and T. R Boyer, 1994: World Ocean Atlas 1994. Vol. 3: Salinity. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, NESDIS, 99 pp.
17. Luyten, J. R., and D. H. Roemmich, 1982: Equatorial currents at semiannual period in the Indian Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 406-413.
18. Macdonald, A., 1995: Oceanic fluxes of mass, heat, and freshwater: A global estimate and perspective. Ph.D dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 326 pp.
19. Marotzke, J., 1992: The role of integration time in determining a steady state through data assimilation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1556-1567.
20. _. 1997: Boundary mixing and the dynamics of three-dimensional thermohaline circulations. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 1713-1728.
21. McCreary, J. P., Jr., P. K. Kundu, and R. L. Molinari, 1993: A numerical investigation of dynamics, thermodynamics and mixed-layer processes in the Indian Ocean. Progress in Oceanography, Vol. 31, Pergamon, 181-244.
22. Meyers, G., 1996: Variation of Indonesian Throughflow and the El Nino-Southern Oscillation. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 12255-12263.
23. Oberhuber, J. M., 1988: An Atlas Based on the COADS Data Set: The Budgets of Heat, Buoyancy and Turbulent Kinetic Energy at the Surface of the Global Ocean. Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, 100 pp.
24. Robbins, P. E., and J. M. Toole, 1997: The dissolved silica budget as a constraint on the meridional overturning circulation of the Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 44, 879-906.
25. Schott, F., J. Swallow, and M. Fieux, 1989: Deep currents underneath the equatorial Somali current. Deep-Sea Res., 36, 1191-1199.
26. _, _, and _, 1990: The Somali Current at the equator: Annual cycle of currents and transports in the upper 1000 m and connection to neighboring latitudes. Deep-Sea Res., 37, 1825-1848.
27. _, J. Reppin, and J. Fisher, 1994: Currents and transports of the monsoon current south of Sri Lanka. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25 127-25 141.
28. Semtner, A. J., Jr., and R. M. Chervin, 1992: Ocean general circulation from a global eddy-resolving model. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 5493-5550.
29. Thacker, W. C. and R. B. Long, 1988: Fitting dynamics to data. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 1227-1240.
30. Toole, J. M., and M. E. Raymer, 1985: Heat and fresh water budgets of the Indian Ocean revisited. Deep-Sea Res., 32, 917-928.
31. _, and B. A. Warren, 1993: A hydrographic section across the subtropical South Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 40, 1973-2019.
32. Wacongne, S., and R. Pacanowski, 1996: Seasonal heat transport in a primitive equations model of the tropical Indian Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 2666-2699.
33. Warren, B. A., and G. C. Johnson, 1992: Deep currents in the Arabian Sea in 1987. Mar. Geol., 104, 279-288.
34. Wyrtki, K., 1973: An equatorial jet in the Indian Ocean. Science, 181, 262-264.