Mortality in severe protein-energy malnutrition at Nchelenge, Zambia

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics

Volumn 44, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 211-217

  Gernaat, H B P E ^a   Dechering, W H J C ^b   Voorhoeve, H W A ^c  

^a Reg Inst Comm Mental Hlth Care   (Netherlands)

^b LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^c ERASMUS UNIVERSITY ROTTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOMETRY; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ARM; ARTICLE; CHILDHOOD MORTALITY; DEHYDRATION; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DYSMATURITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFANT; INFECTION; KWASHIORKOR; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MARASMUS; NEWBORN; PNEUMONIA; PREDICTION; PREMATURITY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PROTEIN CALORIE MALNUTRITION; SHORT STATURE; ZAMBIA;

EID: 0031821281     PISSN: 01426338     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/tropej/44.4.211     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. DeMaeyer EM. Protein-energy malnutrition. In: Beaton GH, Bengoa JM (eds), Nutrition in Preventive Medicine. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1976; 23-54.
2. Brewster D, Manary M. Treatment of severe malnutrition. Lancet 1995; 345: 453.
3. van Roosmalen-Wiebenga MW. Nutrition Rehabilitation in the South Western Highlands of Tanzania - a Two Way Learning Process. Academic Thesis, University of Amsterdam, Pasmans, Gravenhage; 1988.
4. Khanum S, Ashworth A, Huttly SRA. Controlled trial of three approaches to the treatment of severe malnutrition. Lancet 1994; 344: 1728-32.
5. Heikens GT, Treatment of malnutrition. Lancet 1995; 345: 788.
6. Schofield WN. Treatment of malnutrition. Lancet 1995; 345: 1303.
7. Chopra M, Wilkinson D. Treatment of malnutrition. Lancet 1995; 345: 788-789
8. Ministry of Health, Targeting for Child Immunizations. Ministry of Health, PO Box 30205, Lusaka, Zambia, 1987.
9. Anonymous. Zambia 1992: results from the demographic and health survey. Studies in Family Planning 1993; 24: 261-5.
10. Anonymous. Annual Report St. Paul's Hospital and Nchelenge District. St. Paul's Hospital, PO Box 740106, Nchelenge, Zambia, 1988.
11. World Health Organization. The Treatment and Management of Severe Protein-Energy Malnutrition. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1981.
12. Bwibo N. Tuberculosis. In: Jellife DB (ed.), Child Health in the Tropics, 5th edn. Edward Arnold, London, 1985; 135-47.
13. Jelliffe DB. The Assessment of the Nutritional Status of the Community (Monograph series, No 53). World Health Organization, Geneva, 1966.
14. Morley D, Woodland M, See How They Grow - Monitoring Child Growth for Appropriate Health Care in Developing Countries. Macmillan, London, 1979.
15. Peterson KE, Rathbun JM, Herrera MG. Growth data analysis in FTT treatment and research. In: Drotar D (ed.), New Directions in Failure to Thrive - Implications for Research and Practice. Plenum Press, New York, 1985, 157-76.
16. World Health Organization. Measuring Change in Nutritional Status. Guidelines for Assessing the Nutritional Impact of Supplementary Feeding Programmes for Vulnerable Groups. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1983.
17. Anonymous. Nutritional indices: Z, centile or percent? Lancet 1993; 341: 526-7.
18. Anon. Wellcome Working Party. Editorial. Lancet 1970; ii: 302.
19. Demaris A. Logit Modelling. Practical Applications. Sage Publications, Newbury Park, 1992.
20. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S. Applied Logistic Regression. John Wiley, New York, 1989.
21. Khan AA, Gupta B. A study of malnourished children in children's hospital Lusaka (Zambia). J Trop Pediatr Env Child Health 1979; 25: 42-5.
22. Laditan AAO, Tindimebwa G. The protein-energy malnourished child in a Nigerian teaching hospital. J Trop Pediatr 1983; 29: 61-4.
23. Tolboom JJM, Ralitapole-Maruping AP, Kabir H, Molatseli P, Anderson J. Severe protein energy malnutrition in Lesotho, death and survival in hospital, clinical findings. Trop Geogr Med 1986; 38: 351-8.
24. Spalding E, McCrea J, Rutishauser HE, Parkin JM. A study of severely malnourished children in the Gambia. Env Child Health 1977; 23: 215-17.
25. Dramaix M, Hennart P, Brasseur D, et al. Serum albumin concentration, arm circumference, and oedema and subsequent risk of dying in children in central Africa. Br Med J 1993; 307: 710-13.
26. Boot A. Retrospective study in malnourished children in Mangochi, Malawi, Memisa Medisch 1993; 59: 21-6.
27. Briend A, Dykewicz C, Graven K, Mazumder RN, Wojtyniak B, Bennish M. Usefulness of nutritional indices and classifications in predicting death of malnourished children. Br Med J 1986; 293: 373-5.
28. Gómez F, Galvan RR, Frenk S, Munoz JC, Chávez R, Vázquez J. Mortality in second and third degree malnutrition. J Trop Pediatr 1956; 2: 77-83.
29. Van den Broeck J, Eeckels R, Vuylsteke J. Influence of nutritional status on child mortality in rural Zaire. Lancet 1993; 341: 1491-5.
30. Schroeder DG, Brown KH Nutritional status as a predictor of child survival: summarizing the association and quantifying its global impact. Bull World Health Org 1994; 72: 569-79.
31. Gernaat HBPE, Dechering WHJC, Voorhoeve HWA. Absolute values of z scores of mid upper arm circumference to identify wasting? Evaluation in a community as well as a clinical sample of under fives from Nchelenge, Zambia. J Trop Pediatr 1996; 42: 27-33.
32. Adelusi B, Ladipo OA. Preterm and other babies with low birthweights in Ibadan. Trop Geogr Med 1976; 28: 316-22.
33. Sprundel M van, Dindinian O, Meheus A. Le poids à la naissance comme indicateur de santé. Exemple du Rwanda. Méd Afr Noire 1981; 28: 93-9.
34. van Eijk R. Naître et croître au Cameroun. PhD Thesis, University of Utrecht, the Netherlands, 1986.
35. Gernaat HBPE, Dechering WHJC, Voorhoeve HWA. Physical growth of children under five years of age in Nchelenge, Zambia: results from a district survey. Am J Phys Anthrop 1996; 100: 473-85.
36. Jansen AAJ, Gernert W, Thiuri B, Lakhani SA. Growth of low and normal birthweight children. In: van Ginneken JK, Muller AS (eds), Maternal and Child Health in Rural Kenya: an Epidemiological Study. Croom Helm, London, 1984.
37. Binkin NJ, Yip R, Fleshood L, Trowbridge FL. Birth weight and childhood growth. Pediatr 1988; 82: 828-34.
38. Khalid N, Haque A, Al-Frayh, El-Rifai R. Is it necessary to regraduate milk after acute gastroenteritis in children? Trop Geogr Med 1983; 35: 369-73.
39. Chew F, Penna FJ, Peret Filho LA, et al. Is dilution of cow's milk formula necessary for dietary management of acute diarrhoea in infants aged less than 6 months? Lancet 1993; 341: 194-7.
40. Voorhoeve HWA. Developments and new insights in the treatment of acute diarrhoea in children (in Dutch). T. Jeugdgezondheidszorg 1994; 26: 14-15.
41. Chandra RK. 1990 McCollum Award Lecture. Nutrition and immunity: lessons from the past and new insights into the future. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53: 1087-101.
42. Berkowitz FE. Infections in children with severe protein-energy malnutrition. Ann Trop Paediatr 1983; 3: 79-83.
43. Roy VV, Mathur R, Reddy V. Etiology of acute gastroenteritis in malnutrition. Indian J Med Res 1986; 84: 173-7.
44. Lehmann D, Howard P, Hey wood. Nutrition and morbidity: acute lower respiratory tract infections, diarrhoea and malaria. Papua New Guinea Med J 1988; 31: 109-16.
45. Gunst L. Treatment of malnutrition: theory and practice (in Dutch). Memisa Medisch 1996; 62: 109-16.