메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 121, Issue 7, 1998, Pages 1329-1341

Evidence for specific cognitive deficits in preclinical Huntington's disease

Author keywords

Attention; Executive function; Huntington's disease; Memory; Preclinical

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; COGNITIVE DEFECT; GENETIC RISK; HETEROZYGOTE; HUMAN; HUNTINGTON CHOREA; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 0031814175     PISSN: 00068950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brain/121.7.1329     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (338)

References (91)
  • 1
    • 0026717486 scopus 로고
    • Preferential loss of striato-external pallidal projection neurons in presymptomatic Huntington's disease
    • Albin RL, Reiner A, Anderson KD, Dure LS 4th, Handelin B, Balfour R, et al. Preferential loss of striato-external pallidal projection neurons in presymptomatic Huntington's disease. Ann Neurol 1992; 31: 425-30.
    • (1992) Ann Neurol , vol.31 , pp. 425-430
    • Albin, R.L.1    Reiner, A.2    Anderson, K.D.3    Dure IV, L.S.4    Handelin, B.5    Balfour, R.6
  • 2
    • 0022930826 scopus 로고
    • Parallel organisation of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex
    • Alexander GE, Delong MR, Strick PL. Parallel organisation of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. [Review]. Annu Rev Neurosci 1986; 9: 357-81.
    • (1986) Annu Rev Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 357-381
    • Alexander, G.E.1    Delong, M.R.2    Strick, P.L.3
  • 3
    • 0027176364 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between trinucleotide (CAG) repeat length and clinical features of Huntington's disease
    • Andrew SE, Goldberg YP, Kremer B, Telenius, Theilmann J, et al. The relationship between trinucleotide (CAG) repeat length and clinical features of Huntington's disease [see comments]. Nat Genet 1993; 4: 398-403. Comment in: Nat Genet 1993; 4: 329-30.
    • (1993) Nat Genet , vol.4 , pp. 398-403
    • Andrew, S.E.1    Goldberg, Y.P.2    Kremer, B.3    Telenius4    Theilmann, J.5
  • 4
    • 0027304632 scopus 로고
    • Andrew SE, Goldberg YP, Kremer B, Telenius, Theilmann J, et al. The relationship between trinucleotide (CAG) repeat length and clinical features of Huntington's disease [see comments]. Nat Genet 1993; 4: 398-403. Comment in: Nat Genet 1993; 4: 329-30.
    • (1993) Nat Genet , vol.4 , pp. 329-330
  • 5
    • 12644252940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal glucose metabolism and dopamine D2 receptor binding in asymptomatic gene carriers and patients with Huntington's disease
    • Antonini A, Leenders KL, Spiegel R, Meier D, Vontobel, Weigell-Weber M, et al. Striatal glucose metabolism and dopamine D2 receptor binding in asymptomatic gene carriers and patients with Huntington's disease. Brain 1996; 119: 2085-95.
    • (1996) Brain , vol.119 , pp. 2085-2095
    • Antonini, A.1    Leenders, K.L.2    Spiegel, R.3    Meier, D.4    Vontobel5    Weigell-Weber, M.6
  • 6
    • 0022615358 scopus 로고
    • The organization of prefrontocaudate projections and their laminar origin in the macaque monkey: A retrograde study using HRP-gel
    • Arikuni T, Kubota K. The organization of prefrontocaudate projections and their laminar origin in the macaque monkey: a retrograde study using HRP-gel. J Comp Neurol 1986; 244: 492-510.
    • (1986) J Comp Neurol , vol.244 , pp. 492-510
    • Arikuni, T.1    Kubota, K.2
  • 7
    • 0029926199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in enkephalin and substance P messenger RNA in the striatum of early grade Huntington's disease: A detailed cellular in situ hybridization study
    • Augood SJ, Faull RL, Love DR, Emson PC. Reduction in enkephalin and substance P messenger RNA in the striatum of early grade Huntington's disease: a detailed cellular in situ hybridization study. Neuroscience 1996; 72: 1023-36.
    • (1996) Neuroscience , vol.72 , pp. 1023-1036
    • Augood, S.J.1    Faull, R.L.2    Love, D.R.3    Emson, P.C.4
  • 9
    • 0030478030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Word-list generation deficits in dementia
    • Barr A, Brandt J. Word-list generation deficits in dementia. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1996; 18: 810-22.
    • (1996) J Clin Exp Neuropsychol , vol.18 , pp. 810-822
    • Barr, A.1    Brandt, J.2
  • 11
    • 9444286388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of normal and mutant huntingtin in the developing brain
    • Bhide PG, Day M, Sapp E, Schwarz C, Sheth A, Kim J, et al. Expression of normal and mutant huntingtin in the developing brain. J Neurosci 1996; 16: 5523-35.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 5523-5535
    • Bhide, P.G.1    Day, M.2    Sapp, E.3    Schwarz, C.4    Sheth, A.5    Kim, J.6
  • 12
    • 0029059308 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive performance in UK sample of presymptomatic people carrying the gene for Huntington's disease
    • Blackmore L, Simpson SA, Crawford JR. Cognitive performance in UK sample of presymptomatic people carrying the gene for Huntington's disease. J Med Genet 1995; 32: 358-62.
    • (1995) J Med Genet , vol.32 , pp. 358-362
    • Blackmore, L.1    Simpson, S.A.2    Crawford, J.R.3
  • 13
    • 0001443896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological characteristics of Huntington's disease
    • Grant I, Adams KM, editors. New York: Oxford University Press
    • Brandt J, Butters N. Neuropsychological characteristics of Huntington's disease. In: Grant I, Adams KM, editors. Neuropsychological assessment of neuropsychiatric disorders. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 1996. p. 312-41.
    • (1996) Neuropsychological Assessment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders. 2nd Ed. , pp. 312-341
    • Brandt, J.1    Butters, N.2
  • 14
    • 0001860774 scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia and the regulation of response and cognitive sets
    • Brazier MAB, editor. New York: Raven Press
    • Buchwald NA, Hull CD, Levine MS, Villablanca J. The basal ganglia and the regulation of response and cognitive sets. In: Brazier MAB, editor. Growth and development of the brain. New York: Raven Press; 1975. p. 171-189.
    • (1975) Growth and Development of the Brain , pp. 171-189
    • Buchwald, N.A.1    Hull, C.D.2    Levine, M.S.3    Villablanca, J.4
  • 15
    • 0016308592 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ventral putamen lesions on discrimination learning by monkeys
    • Buerger AA, Gross CG, Rocha-Miranda CE. Effects of ventral putamen lesions on discrimination learning by monkeys. J Comp Physiol Psychol 1974; 86: 440-6.
    • (1974) J Comp Physiol Psychol , vol.86 , pp. 440-446
    • Buerger, A.A.1    Gross, C.G.2    Rocha-Miranda, C.E.3
  • 16
    • 0021321981 scopus 로고
    • The clinical aspects of memory disorders: Contributions from experimental studies of amnesia and dementia
    • Butters N. The clinical aspects of memory disorders: contributions from experimental studies of amnesia and dementia. J Clin Neuropsychol 1984; 6: 17-36.
    • (1984) J Clin Neuropsychol , vol.6 , pp. 17-36
    • Butters, N.1
  • 17
    • 0030465540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological stability over two years in asymptomatic carriers of the Huntington's disease mutation
    • Campodonico JR, Codori AM, Brandt J. Neuropsychological stability over two years in asymptomatic carriers of the Huntington's disease mutation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996; 61: 621-4.
    • (1996) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 621-624
    • Campodonico, J.R.1    Codori, A.M.2    Brandt, J.3
  • 19
    • 0029046246 scopus 로고
    • The Cambridge Neurological Inventory: A clinical instrument for assessment of soft neurological signs in psychiatric patients
    • Chen EY, Shapleske J, Luque R, McKenna PJ, Hodges JR, Calloway SP, et al. The Cambridge Neurological Inventory: a clinical instrument for assessment of soft neurological signs in psychiatric patients. Psychiatry Res 1995; 56: 183-204.
    • (1995) Psychiatry Res , vol.56 , pp. 183-204
    • Chen, E.Y.1    Shapleske, J.2    Luque, R.3    McKenna, P.J.4    Hodges, J.R.5    Calloway, S.P.6
  • 22
    • 0029967425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation in prefrontal cortex of affective and attentional shifts
    • Dias R, Robbins TW, Roberts AC. Dissociation in prefrontal cortex of affective and attentional shifts. Nature 1996; 380: 69-72.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.380 , pp. 69-72
    • Dias, R.1    Robbins, T.W.2    Roberts, A.C.3
  • 23
    • 0014073057 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral effects of selective ablation of the caudate nucleus
    • Divac I, Rosvold HE, Szwarcbart MK. Behavioral effects of selective ablation of the caudate nucleus. J Comp Physiol Psychol 1967; 63: 184-90.
    • (1967) J Comp Physiol Psychol , vol.63 , pp. 184-190
    • Divac, I.1    Rosvold, H.E.2    Szwarcbart, M.K.3
  • 24
    • 0024845352 scopus 로고
    • Impaired extra-dimensional shift performance in medicated and unmedicated Parkinson's disease: Evidence for a specific attentional dysfunction
    • Downes JJ, Roberts AC, Sahakian BJ, Evenden JL, Morris RG, Robbins TW. Impaired extra-dimensional shift performance in medicated and unmedicated Parkinson's disease: evidence for a specific attentional dysfunction. Neuropsychologia 1989; 27: 1329-43.
    • (1989) Neuropsychologia , vol.27 , pp. 1329-1343
    • Downes, J.J.1    Roberts, A.C.2    Sahakian, B.J.3    Evenden, J.L.4    Morris, R.G.5    Robbins, T.W.6
  • 26
    • 0028872929 scopus 로고
    • Functional repair of striatal systems by neural transplants: Evidence for circuit reconstruction
    • Dunnett SB. Functional repair of striatal systems by neural transplants: evidence for circuit reconstruction. [Review]. Behav Brain Res 1995; 66: 133-42.
    • (1995) Behav Brain Res , vol.66 , pp. 133-142
    • Dunnett, S.B.1
  • 27
    • 2642600490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Cambridge Huntington's disease clinic
    • ffrench-Constant C. The Cambridge Huntington's disease clinic. Window on Addenbrooke's 1996; 1(24): 1-2.
    • (1996) Window on Addenbrooke's , vol.1 , Issue.24 , pp. 1-2
    • Ffrench-Constant, C.1
  • 29
    • 0016823810 scopus 로고
    • 'Minimental state'. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
    • Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. 'Minimental state'. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12: 189-98.
    • (1975) J Psychiatr Res , vol.12 , pp. 189-198
    • Folstein, M.F.1    Folstein, S.E.2    McHugh, P.R.3
  • 30
  • 31
    • 0030069713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between trinucleotide repeats and neuropathological changes in Huntington's disease
    • Furtado S, Suchowersky O, Rewcastle B, Graham L, Klimek ML, Garber A. Relationship between trinucleotide repeats and neuropathological changes in Huntington's disease. Ann Neurol 1996; 39: 132-6.
    • (1996) Ann Neurol , vol.39 , pp. 132-136
    • Furtado, S.1    Suchowersky, O.2    Rewcastle, B.3    Graham, L.4    Klimek, M.L.5    Garber, A.6
  • 32
    • 0028882409 scopus 로고
    • The Simon effect and attention deficits in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and Huntington's disease
    • Georgiou N, Bradshaw JL, Phillips JG, Bradshaw JA, Chiu E. The Simon effect and attention deficits in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and Huntington's disease. Brain 1995; 118: 1305-18.
    • (1995) Brain , vol.118 , pp. 1305-1318
    • Georgiou, N.1    Bradshaw, J.L.2    Phillips, J.G.3    Bradshaw, J.A.4    Chiu, E.5
  • 33
    • 0029929898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of Huntington's disease and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome on the ability to hold and shift attention
    • Georgiou N, Bradshaw JL, Phillips JG, Chiu E. The effect of Huntington's disease and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome on the ability to hold and shift attention. Neuropsychologia 1996; 34: 843-51.
    • (1996) Neuropsychologia , vol.34 , pp. 843-851
    • Georgiou, N.1    Bradshaw, J.L.2    Phillips, J.G.3    Chiu, E.4
  • 34
    • 0028893812 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal neuropsychological and genetic linkage analysis of persons at risk for Huntington's disease
    • Giordani B, Berent S, Boivin MJ, Penney JB, Lehtinen S, Markel DS, et al. Longitudinal neuropsychological and genetic linkage analysis of persons at risk for Huntington's disease. Arch Neurol 1995; 52: 59-64.
    • (1995) Arch Neurol , vol.52 , pp. 59-64
    • Giordani, B.1    Berent, S.2    Boivin, M.J.3    Penney, J.B.4    Lehtinen, S.5    Markel, D.S.6
  • 35
    • 0029041296 scopus 로고
    • Are the frontal lobes implicated in 'planning' functions? Interpreting data from the Tower of Hanoi
    • Goel V, Grafman J. Are the frontal lobes implicated in 'planning' functions? Interpreting data from the Tower of Hanoi. Neuropsychologia 1995; 33: 623-42.
    • (1995) Neuropsychologia , vol.33 , pp. 623-642
    • Goel, V.1    Grafman, J.2
  • 36
    • 0030050022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual processing disorders in patients with Huntington's disease and asymptomatic carriers
    • Gomez-Tortosa E, del Barrio A, Barroso T, Garcia Ruiz PJ. Visual processing disorders in patients with Huntington's disease and asymptomatic carriers. J Neurol 1996; 243: 286-92.
    • (1996) J Neurol , vol.243 , pp. 286-292
    • Gomez-Tortosa, E.1    Del Barrio, A.2    Barroso, T.3    Garcia Ruiz, P.J.4
  • 37
    • 0025611722 scopus 로고
    • Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance based on location and size of neuroanatomical lesion in Vietnam veterans with penetrating head injury
    • Grafman J, Jonas B, Salazar A. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance based on location and size of neuroanatomical lesion in Vietnam veterans with penetrating head injury. Percept Mot Skills 1990; 71: 1120-2.
    • (1990) Percept Mot Skills , vol.71 , pp. 1120-1122
    • Grafman, J.1    Jonas, B.2    Salazar, A.3
  • 38
    • 0026475301 scopus 로고
    • Serial changes of cerebral glucose metabolism and audate size in persons at risk for Huntington's disease
    • Grafton ST, Mazziotta JC, Pahl JJ, St. George-Hyslop P, Haines JL, Gusella J, et al. Serial changes of cerebral glucose metabolism and audate size in persons at risk for Huntington's disease. Arch Neurol 1992; 49: 1161-7.
    • (1992) Arch Neurol , vol.49 , pp. 1161-1167
    • Grafton, S.T.1    Mazziotta, J.C.2    Pahl, J.J.3    St. George-Hyslop, P.4    Haines, J.L.5    Gusella, J.6
  • 39
    • 0030817733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired recognition of disgust in Huntington's disease gene carriers
    • Gray JM, Young AW, Barker WA, Curtis A, Gibson D. Impaired recognition of disgust in Huntington's disease gene carriers. Brain 1997; 120: 2029-38.
    • (1997) Brain , vol.120 , pp. 2029-2038
    • Gray, J.M.1    Young, A.W.2    Barker, W.A.3    Curtis, A.4    Gibson, D.5
  • 41
    • 0028799793 scopus 로고
    • Early loss of neostriatal striosome neurons in Huntington's disease
    • Hedreen JC, Folstein SE. Early loss of neostriatal striosome neurons in Huntington's disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1995; 54:105-20.
    • (1995) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol , vol.54 , pp. 105-120
    • Hedreen, J.C.1    Folstein, S.E.2
  • 42
    • 0025641132 scopus 로고
    • Differential impairment of semantic and episodic memory in Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases: A controlled prospective study
    • Hodges JR, Salmon DP, Butters N. Differential impairment of semantic and episodic memory in Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases: a controlled prospective study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990; 53: 1089-95.
    • (1990) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 1089-1095
    • Hodges, J.R.1    Salmon, D.P.2    Butters, N.3
  • 43
    • 0026710158 scopus 로고
    • Semantic memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease: Failure of access or degraded knowledge?
    • Hodges JR, Salmon DP, Butters N. Semantic memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease: failure of access or degraded knowledge? Neuropsychologia 1992; 30: 301-14.
    • (1992) Neuropsychologia , vol.30 , pp. 301-314
    • Hodges, J.R.1    Salmon, D.P.2    Butters, N.3
  • 44
    • 0028927382 scopus 로고
    • Distributed modular architectures linking basal ganglia, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex: Their role in planning and controlling action
    • Houk JC, Wise SP. Distributed modular architectures linking basal ganglia, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex: their role in planning and controlling action. [Review]. Cereb Cortex 1995; 5: 95-110.
    • (1995) Cereb Cortex , vol.5 , pp. 95-110
    • Houk, J.C.1    Wise, S.P.2
  • 45
    • 0027480960 scopus 로고
    • A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes
    • Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group. A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes [see comments]. Cell 1993; 72: 971-83. Comment in: Cell 1993; 72: 817-8.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.72 , pp. 971-983
  • 46
    • 0027480255 scopus 로고
    • Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group. A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes [see comments]. Cell 1993; 72: 971-83. Comment in: Cell 1993; 72: 817-8.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.72 , pp. 817-818
  • 47
    • 85009332113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale: Reliability and consistency
    • Huntington Study Group. Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale: reliability and consistency. Mov Disord 1996; 11: 136-42.
    • (1996) Mov Disord , vol.11 , pp. 136-142
  • 48
    • 0028031125 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the molecular genetics predictive test in Huntington's disease
    • International Huntington Association (IHA) and the World Federation of Neurology (WFN) Research Group on Huntington's Chorea. Guidelines for the molecular genetics predictive test in Huntington's disease. Neurology 1994; 44: 1533-6.
    • (1994) Neurology , vol.44 , pp. 1533-1536
  • 50
    • 0021061919 scopus 로고
    • Development of neuropsychological deficits in Huntington's disease
    • Josiassen RC, Curry LM, Mancall EL. Development of neuropsychological deficits in Huntington's disease. Arch Neurol 1983; 40: 791-6.
    • (1983) Arch Neurol , vol.40 , pp. 791-796
    • Josiassen, R.C.1    Curry, L.M.2    Mancall, E.L.3
  • 52
    • 0029065482 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of executive and visuospatial memory function in Huntington's disease and dementia of Alzheimer type matched for degree of dementia
    • Lange KW, Sahakian BJ, Quinn NP, Marsden CD, Robbins TW. Comparison of executive and visuospatial memory function in Huntington's disease and dementia of Alzheimer type matched for degree of dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995; 58: 598-606.
    • (1995) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 598-606
    • Lange, K.W.1    Sahakian, B.J.2    Quinn, N.P.3    Marsden, C.D.4    Robbins, T.W.5
  • 54
    • 0002705708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuropsychology of fronto-striatal dementias
    • Woods RT, editor. Chichester (UK): John Wiley
    • Lawrence AD, Sahakian BJ. The neuropsychology of fronto-striatal dementias. In: Woods RT, editor. Handbook of the clinical psychology of ageing. Chichester (UK): John Wiley; 1996. p. 243-65.
    • (1996) Handbook of the Clinical Psychology of Ageing , pp. 243-265
    • Lawrence, A.D.1    Sahakian, B.J.2
  • 56
    • 0027974240 scopus 로고
    • Word retrieval to letter and semantic cues: A double dissociation in normal subjects using interference tasks
    • Martin A, Wiggs CL, Lalonde F, Mack L. Word retrieval to letter and semantic cues: a double dissociation in normal subjects using interference tasks. Neuropsychologia 1994; 32: 1487-94.
    • (1994) Neuropsychologia , vol.32 , pp. 1487-1494
    • Martin, A.1    Wiggs, C.L.2    Lalonde, F.3    Mack, L.4
  • 57
    • 0029763091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The temporal lobe is a target of output from the basal ganglia
    • Middleton FA, Strick PL. The temporal lobe is a target of output from the basal ganglia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93: 8683-7.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 8683-8687
    • Middleton, F.A.1    Strick, P.L.2
  • 58
    • 0015120820 scopus 로고
    • Interhemispheric differences in the localization of psychological processes in man
    • Milner B. Interhemispheric differences in the localization of psychological processes in man. [Review]. Brit Med Bull 1971; 27: 272-7.
    • (1971) Brit Med Bull , vol.27 , pp. 272-277
    • Milner, B.1
  • 59
    • 0030294556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia: Focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs
    • Mink JW. The basal ganglia: focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs. [Review]. Prog Neurobiol 1996; 50: 381-425.
    • (1996) Prog Neurobiol , vol.50 , pp. 381-425
    • Mink, J.W.1
  • 63
    • 0018827773 scopus 로고
    • Comparative neuropsychology and Korsakoff's syndrome. I. - Spatial and visual reversal learning
    • Oscar-Berman M, Zola-Morgan SM. Comparative neuropsychology and Korsakoff's syndrome. I. - Spatial and visual reversal learning. Neuropsychologia 1980a; 18: 499-512.
    • (1980) Neuropsychologia , vol.18 , pp. 499-512
    • Oscar-Berman, M.1    Zola-Morgan, S.M.2
  • 64
    • 0018886577 scopus 로고
    • Comparative neuropsychology and Korsakoff's syndrome. II. - Two-choice visual discrimination learning
    • Oscar-Berman M, Zola-Morgan SM. Comparative neuropsychology and Korsakoff's syndrome. II. - Two-choice visual discrimination learning. Neuropsychologia 1980b; 18: 513-25.
    • (1980) Neuropsychologia , vol.18 , pp. 513-525
    • Oscar-Berman, M.1    Zola-Morgan, S.M.2
  • 65
    • 0020049089 scopus 로고
    • Comparative neuropsychology and Korsakoff's syndrome. III. Delayed response, delayed alternation and DRL performance
    • Oscar-Berman M, Zola-Morgan SM, Oberg RG, Bonner RT. Comparative neuropsychology and Korsakoff's syndrome. III. Delayed response, delayed alternation and DRL performance. Neuropsychologia 1982; 20: 187-202.
    • (1982) Neuropsychologia , vol.20 , pp. 187-202
    • Oscar-Berman, M.1    Zola-Morgan, S.M.2    Oberg, R.G.3    Bonner, R.T.4
  • 67
    • 0026005933 scopus 로고
    • Extra-dimensional versus intra-dimensional set shifting performance following frontal lobe excisions, temporal lobe excisions or amygdalo-hippocampectomy in man
    • Owen AM, Roberts AC, Polkey CE, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW. Extra-dimensional versus intra-dimensional set shifting performance following frontal lobe excisions, temporal lobe excisions or amygdalo-hippocampectomy in man. Neuropsychologia 1991; 29: 993-1006.
    • (1991) Neuropsychologia , vol.29 , pp. 993-1006
    • Owen, A.M.1    Roberts, A.C.2    Polkey, C.E.3    Sahakian, B.J.4    Robbins, T.W.5
  • 68
    • 0027486687 scopus 로고
    • Contrasting mechanisms of impaired attentional setshifting in patients with frontal lobe damage or Parkinson's disease
    • Owen AM, Roberts AC, Hodges JR, Summers BA, Polkey CE, Robbins TW. Contrasting mechanisms of impaired attentional setshifting in patients with frontal lobe damage or Parkinson's disease. Brain 1993; 116: 1159-75.
    • (1993) Brain , vol.116 , pp. 1159-1175
    • Owen, A.M.1    Roberts, A.C.2    Hodges, J.R.3    Summers, B.A.4    Polkey, C.E.5    Robbins, T.W.6
  • 70
    • 0028945150 scopus 로고
    • Visuo-spatial short-term recognition memory and learning after temporal lobe excisions, frontal lobe excisions or amygdalohippocampectomy in man
    • Owen AM, Sahakian BJ, Semple J, Polkey CE, Robbins TW. Visuo-spatial short-term recognition memory and learning after temporal lobe excisions, frontal lobe excisions or amygdalohippocampectomy in man. Neuropsychologia 1995b; 33: 1-24.
    • (1995) Neuropsychologia , vol.33 , pp. 1-24
    • Owen, A.M.1    Sahakian, B.J.2    Semple, J.3    Polkey, C.E.4    Robbins, T.W.5
  • 71
    • 0030606007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociating executive functions of the prefrontal cortex
    • Robbins TW. Dissociating executive functions of the prefrontal cortex. [Review]. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1996; 351; 1463-71.
    • (1996) Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.351 , pp. 1463-1471
    • Robbins, T.W.1
  • 72
    • 0025542922 scopus 로고
    • The role of the striatum in the mental chronometry of action: A theoretical review
    • Robbins TW, Brown VJ. The role of the striatum in the mental chronometry of action: a theoretical review. Rev Neurosci 1990; 2: 181-213.
    • (1990) Rev Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 181-213
    • Robbins, T.W.1    Brown, V.J.2
  • 73
    • 0028077875 scopus 로고
    • Semantic verbal fluency in aphasia: A quantitative and qualitative study in test-retest conditions
    • Roberts P, Le Dorze G. Semantic verbal fluency in aphasia: a quantitative and qualitative study in test-retest conditions. Aphiosology 1994; 8: 569-82.
    • (1994) Aphiosology , vol.8 , pp. 569-582
    • Roberts, P.1    Le Dorze, G.2
  • 74
    • 0024114161 scopus 로고
    • The effects of intradimensional and extradimensional shifts on visual discrimination learning in humans and non-human primates
    • Roberts AC, Robbins TW, Everitt BJ. The effects of intradimensional and extradimensional shifts on visual discrimination learning in humans and non-human primates. Q J Exp Psychol 1988; 40B: 321-41.
    • (1988) Q J Exp Psychol , vol.40 B , pp. 321-341
    • Roberts, A.C.1    Robbins, T.W.2    Everitt, B.J.3
  • 75
    • 0029093037 scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological characteristics of Huntington's disease carriers: A double blind study
    • Rosenberg NK, Sorensen SA, Christensen AL. Neuropsychological characteristics of Huntington's disease carriers: a double blind study. J Med Genet 1995; 32: 600-4.
    • (1995) J Med Genet , vol.32 , pp. 600-604
    • Rosenberg, N.K.1    Sorensen, S.A.2    Christensen, A.L.3
  • 76
    • 0028089744 scopus 로고
    • Initial letter and semantic category fluency in Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy
    • Rosser A, Hodges JR. Initial letter and semantic category fluency in Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy [see comments]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994; 57: 1389-94. Comment in: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995; 58: 520-1.
    • (1994) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 1389-1394
    • Rosser, A.1    Hodges, J.R.2
  • 77
    • 0028929320 scopus 로고
    • Rosser A, Hodges JR. Initial letter and semantic category fluency in Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy [see comments]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994; 57: 1389-94. Comment in: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995; 58: 520-1.
    • (1995) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 520-521
  • 78
    • 0002575156 scopus 로고
    • The prefrontal cortex and caudate nucleus: A system for effecting correction in response mechanisms
    • Rupp C, editor. New York: Harper & Row
    • Rosvold HE. The prefrontal cortex and caudate nucleus: a system for effecting correction in response mechanisms. In: Rupp C, editor. Mind as a tissue. New York: Harper & Row; 1968. p. 21-38.
    • (1968) Mind as a Tissue , pp. 21-38
    • Rosvold, H.E.1
  • 79
    • 0027185096 scopus 로고
    • Unimpaired verbal memory and oculomotor control in asymptomatic adults with the genetic marker for Huntington's disease
    • [published erratum appears in Arch Neurol 1994; 51: 268]
    • Rothlind JC, Brandt J, Zee D, Codori AM, Folstein S. Unimpaired verbal memory and oculomotor control in asymptomatic adults with the genetic marker for Huntington's disease [published erratum appears in Arch Neurol 1994; 51: 268]. Arch Neurol 1993a; 50: 799-802.
    • (1993) Arch Neurol , vol.50 , pp. 799-802
    • Rothlind, J.C.1    Brandt, J.2    Zee, D.3    Codori, A.M.4    Folstein, S.5
  • 80
    • 0027519511 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the huntingtin gene reveals a trinucleotide-length polymorphism in the region of the gene that contains two CCG-rich stretches and a correlation between decreased age of onset of Huntington's disease and CAG repeat number
    • Rubinsztein DC, Barton DE, Davison BCC, Ferguson-Smith MA. Analysis of the huntingtin gene reveals a trinucleotide-length polymorphism in the region of the gene that contains two CCG-rich stretches and a correlation between decreased age of onset of Huntington's disease and CAG repeat number. Hum Mol Genet 1993; 2: 1713-5.
    • (1993) Hum Mol Genet , vol.2 , pp. 1713-1715
    • Rubinsztein, D.C.1    Barton, D.E.2    Davison, B.C.C.3    Ferguson-Smith, M.A.4
  • 81
    • 0029997090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic characterisation of individuals with 30-40 CAG repeats in the Huntington's disease (HD) gene reveals HD cases with 36 repeats and apparently normal elderly individuals with 36-39 repeats
    • Rubinsztein DC, Leggo J, Coles R, Almquist E, Biancalana V, Cassiman JJ, et al. Phenotypic characterisation of individuals with 30-40 CAG repeats in the Huntington's disease (HD) gene reveals HD cases with 36 repeats and apparently normal elderly individuals with 36-39 repeats. Am J Hum Genet 1996; 59: 16-22.
    • (1996) Am J Hum Genet , vol.59 , pp. 16-22
    • Rubinsztein, D.C.1    Leggo, J.2    Coles, R.3    Almquist, E.4    Biancalana, V.5    Cassiman, J.J.6
  • 82
    • 0030937818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotypes at the GluR6 kainate receptor locus are associated with variation in the age of onset of Huntington disease
    • Rubinsztein DC, Leggo J, Chiano M, Dodge A, Norbury G, Rosser E, et al. Genotypes at the GluR6 kainate receptor locus are associated with variation in the age of onset of Huntington disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94: 3872-6.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 3872-3876
    • Rubinsztein, D.C.1    Leggo, J.2    Chiano, M.3    Dodge, A.4    Norbury, G.5    Rosser, E.6
  • 83
    • 0023904094 scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of visuospatial memory and learning in Alzheimer-type dementia and Parkinson's disease
    • Sahakian BJ, Morris RG, Evenden JL, Heald A, Levy R, Philpot M, et al. A comparative study of visuospatial memory and learning in Alzheimer-type dementia and Parkinson's disease. Brain 1988; 111: 695-718.
    • (1988) Brain , vol.111 , pp. 695-718
    • Sahakian, B.J.1    Morris, R.G.2    Evenden, J.L.3    Heald, A.4    Levy, R.5    Philpot, M.6
  • 85
    • 0028918558 scopus 로고
    • The pattern of attentional deficits in Huntington's disease
    • Sprengelmeyer R, Lange H, Homberg V. The pattern of attentional deficits in Huntington's disease. Brain 1995; 118: 145-52.
    • (1995) Brain , vol.118 , pp. 145-152
    • Sprengelmeyer, R.1    Lange, H.2    Homberg, V.3
  • 86
    • 0025128079 scopus 로고
    • Are there neuropsychologic manifestations of the gene for Huntington's disease in asymptomatic, at-risk individuals?
    • Strauss ME, Brandt J. Are there neuropsychologic manifestations of the gene for Huntington's disease in asymptomatic, at-risk individuals? Arch Neurol 1990; 47: 905-8.
    • (1990) Arch Neurol , vol.47 , pp. 905-908
    • Strauss, M.E.1    Brandt, J.2
  • 90
    • 0029895292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal D1 and D2 dopamine receptor loss in asymptomatic mutation carriers of Huntington's disease
    • Weeks RA, Piccini P, Harding AE, Brooks DJ. Striatal D1 and D2 dopamine receptor loss in asymptomatic mutation carriers of Huntington's disease. Ann Neurol 1996; 40: 49-54.
    • (1996) Ann Neurol , vol.40 , pp. 49-54
    • Weeks, R.A.1    Piccini, P.2    Harding, A.E.3    Brooks, D.J.4
  • 91
    • 0030474521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The frontal cortex-basal ganglia system in primates
    • Wise SP, Murray EA, Gerfen CR. The frontal cortex-basal ganglia system in primates. [Review]. Crit Rev Neurobiol 1996; 10: 317-56.
    • (1996) Crit Rev Neurobiol , vol.10 , pp. 317-356
    • Wise, S.P.1    Murray, E.A.2    Gerfen, C.R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.