Origin of the middle Pleistocene transition by ice sheet erosion of regolith

Paleoceanography

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 1-9

  Clark, Peter U ^a   Pollard, David ^b  

^a OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRYSTALLINE BEDROCK; GLACIAL EROSION; LAURENTIDE ICE SHEET; PLEISTOCENE; REGOLITH; SUBGLACIAL DEFORMATION;

EID: 0031809514     PISSN: 08838305     EISSN: 19449186     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/97PA02660     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Abe-Ouchi, A., Quaternary transition: A bifurcation in forced ice sheet oscillations? Eos Trans. AGU, 77(46), Fall Meet. Suppl., F415, 1996
2. Alley, R. B., Water pressure coupling of sliding and bed deformation, II, Velocity-depth profiles, J. Glaciol., 35, 119-129, 1989.
3. Alley, R. B., Deforming-bed origin for southern Laurentide till sheets?, J. Glaciol., 37, 67-76, 1991.
4. Andrews, J. T., Changes in the silt- and clay-size mineralogy of sediments at Ocean Drilling Program site 645B, Baffin Bay, Can. J Earth Sci, 30, 2448-2452, 1993.
5. Bell, M., and E. P. Laine, Erosion of the Laurentide region of North America by glacial and glaciofluvial proceses, Quat. Res., 23, 154-174, 1985.
6. Berger, A., and M. F. Loutre, Insolation values for the climate of the last 10 million years, Quat. Sci. Rev, 10, 297-317, 1991.
7. Berger, W. H., and E. Jansen, Mid-Pleistocene climate shift - the Nansen connection, in The Polar Oceans and Their Role in Shaping the Global Environment, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 85, edited by O. M. Johannessen, R. D. Muench, and J. E. Overland, pp. 295-311, AGU, Washington, D. C, 1994.
8. Birchfield, G. E., and M. Ghil, Climate evolution in the Pliocene and Pleistocene from marine-sediment records and simulations: Internal variability versus orbital forcing, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10, 385-10, 399, 1993.
9. Birchfield, G. E., and R. W. Grumbine, "Slow" physics of large continental ice sheets and underlying bedrock and its relation to the Pleistocene ice ages, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 11, 294-11, 302, 1985
10. Boellstorff, J., Tephrochronology, petrology, and stratigraphy of some Pleistocene deposits in the central plains, U. S. A., PhD. dissertation, 197 pp, Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, 1973
11. Boellstorff, J., A need for redefinition of North American Pleistocene stages, Trans. Gulf Coast Assoc Geol. Soc, 28, 65-74, 1978.
12. Boulton G. S., and R. C. A. Hindmarsh, Sediment deformation beneath glaciers: rheology and geological consequences, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 9059-9082, 1987.
13. Clark, P. U., Sediment deformation beneath the Laurentide ice sheet, edited by I. P. Martini, in Late Glacial and Postglacial Environmental Changes: Quaternary, Carboniferous-Permian, and Proterozoic, pp. 81-97, Oxford Univ. Press, 1997
14. Clark, P. U., and J. S. Walder, Subglacial drainage, eskers, and deforming beds beneath the Laurentide and Eurasian ice sheets, Geol. Soc. Am Bull., 106, 304-314, 1994.
15. Clark, P. U., J. M. Licciardi, D. R. MacAyeal, and J. W. Jenson, Numerical reconstruction of a softbedded Laurentide ice sheet during the last glacial maximum, Geology, 24, 679-682, 1996.
16. Clemens. S. C, D. W. Murray, and W. L. Prell, Nonstationary phase of the Plio-Pleistocene Asian monsoon. Science, 274, 943-948, 1996.
17. Crowley, T. J., and G. R. North, Paleoclimatology, 339 pp., Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1991.
18. DeBlonde, G., and W. R. Peltier, A one-dimensional model of continental ice volume fluctuations through the Pleistocene: Implications for the origin of the mid-Pleistocene climate transition, J. Clim, 4, 318-344, 1991.
19. DeBlonde, G., W. R. Peltier, and L. Tarasov, A successful model of the 100, 000 year ice age cycle, Eos Trans. AGU. 77(46), Fall Meet Suppl., F415, 1996.
20. Denton, G. H., T. J. Hughes, and W. Karlen, Global ice-sheet system interlocked by sea level, Quat Res., 26, 2-26, 1986.
21. Dyke, A. S., J. Vincent, J. T. Andrews, L. A. Dredge, and W. R. Cowan. The Laurentide ice sheet and an introduction to the Quaternary geology of the Canadian shield. Quaternary Geology of Canada and Greenland, in Geology of Canada, vol. 1, edited by R. J. Fulton, pp 178-189, Geol. Surv. of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, 1989.
22. Fowler, A. C, and C. Johnson, Hydraulic run-away: A mechanism for thermally regulated surges of ice sheets, J. Glaciol, 47, 554-561, 1995.
23. 2 variations, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 15, 713-15, 740; 1992.
24. Goldich, S. S., A study in rock weathering, J Geol, 46, 17-58, 1938.
25. Gravenor, C. P., Erosion by continental ice sheets, Am. J. Sci., 275, 594-604, 1975
26. Hays, J. D., J. Imbrie, and N. J. Shackleton, Variations in the Earth's orbit: Pacemaker of the ice ages, Science, 194, 1121-1132, 1976
27. Hicock, S. R., and A. Dreimanis, Deformation till in the Great Lakes region: Implications for rapid flow along the south-central margin of the Laurentide ice sheet. Can. J. Earth Sci., 29, 1565-1579, 1992
28. Hjelstuen, B. O., A. Elverhøi, and J. I. Faleide, Cenozoic erosion and sediment yield in the drainage urea of the Storfjorden Fan, Global Planet. Change, 12, 95-117, 1996.
29. 18O record, Milankovitch and Climate, Part I, edited by A. L. Berger et al., pp. 269-305, D. Reidel, Norwell, Mass., 1984.
30. Imbrie, J. et al., On the structure and origin of major glaciation cycles, 2, The 100, 000-year cycle, Paleoceanography, 8, 699-735, 1993.
31. Jenson, J. W., P. U. Clark, D. R. MacAyeal, C. L. Ho, and J. C. Vela, Numerical modeling of advective transport of saturated deforming sediment beneath the Lake Michigan Lobe, Laurentide ice sheet, Geomorphology, 14, 157-166, 1995
32. Jenson, J. W., D. R. MacAyeal, P. U. Clark, C. L. Ho, and J. C. Vela, Numerical modeling of subglacial sediment deformation. Implications for the behavior of the Lake Michigan Lobe, Laurentide ice sheet, J Geophys. Res., 101, 8717-8728, 1996
33. Joyce, J. E., L. R. C. Tjalsma, and J. M. Prutzman, North American glacial meltwater history for the past 2.3 m.y. Oxygen isotope evidence from the Gulf of Mexico, Geology, 21, 483-486, 1993.
34. Kamb, B., Rheological nonlinearity and flow instability in the deforming bed mechanism of ice stream motion, J. Geophys Res, 96, 16, 585-16, 595, 1991.
35. Klassen, R. W., Quaternary geology of the southern Canadian Interior Plains, Quaternary Geology of Canada and Greenland, in Geology of Canada, vol. 1, edited by R. J. Fulton, pp. 138-173, Geol Surv. of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, 1989.
36. Maasch, K. A., Statistical detection of the mid-Pleistocene transition, Clim. Dyn., 2, 133-143, 1988.
37. MacAyeal, D. R., Irregular oscillations of the West Antarctic ice sheet. Nature, 359, 29-32, 1992.
38. MacAyeal, D. R., Growth/purge oscillations of the Laurentide ice sheet as a cause of the North Atlantic's Heinrich events, Paleoceanography, 8, 775-784, 1993.
39. Marchant, D. R., G. H. Denton, C. C. Swisher, III, and N. Potter, Jr., Late Cenozoic Antarctic paleoclimate reconstructed from volcanic ashes in the Dry Valleys region of southern Victoria Land, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 108, 181-194, 1996.
40. Marshall, S., G.. C. Clarke, A. S. Dyke, and D. A. Fisher, Geologic and topographic controls on fast flow in the Laurentide and Cordilleran Ice Sheets, J Geophys. Res., 101, 17, 827-17, 839, 1996.
41. McKeague, J. A., D. R. Grant, H. Kodama, G. J. Beke, and C. Wang, Properties of a soil and the underlying gibbsite-bearing saprolite, Cape Breton Island, Canada, Can. J. Earth Sei, 20, 37-48, 1983.
42. Mickelson, D. M., L. Clayton, D. S. Fullerton, H. W. Borns, Jr., The late Wisconsin glacial record of the Laurentide ice sheet in the United States, Late-Quaternary Environments of the United States The Late Pleistocene, edited by S. C Porter, pp 3-37, Univ. of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 1983
43. Mills, H. H., and P. A. Delcourt, Quaternary geology of the Appalachian Highlands and interior low plateaus, The Geology of North America, vol. K2, Quaternary Nonglacial Geology: Conterminous U. S. edited by R. B Morrison, pp. 611-628, Geol Soc. Am., Boulder, Colo., 1991.
44. Mix. A. C, N. G. Pisias, W. Rugh, J. Wilson, A. Morey, and T. K. Hagelberg, Benthic foraminifer stable isotope record from site 849 (0-5 Ma): Local and global climate changes, edited by N. G. Pisias et al., Proc. Ocean Drill. Program Sci. Results, 138, 371-412, 1995.
45. Mudelsee, M., and M. Schulz, The mid-Pleistocene climate transition' onset of 100 ka cycle lags ice volume build-up by 280 ka, Earth Planet Sci Let., 151, 117-123, 1997
46. Nesbitt, H. W., and G. M. Young, Effects of abrasion and selective sorting on the chemical and mineralogical composition of recent glacio-fluvial sediments, Baffin Island, Arctic Canada, Sedimentology, 43, 341-358, 1996.
47. Nesbitt. H. W, G. M. Young, S. M. McLennan, and R. R. Keays, Effects of chemical weathering and sorting on the petrogenesis of siliciclastic sediments, with implications for provenance studies, J. Geol., 104, 525-542, 1996.
48. Oerlemans, J., Model experiments on the 100, 000 year glacial cycle, Nature, 287, 430-432, 1980.
49. Oerlemans, J., On the origin of the ice ages, Milankovitch and Climate, Part 2, edited by A. L. Berger et al., D. Reidel, pp. 607-611, Norwell, Mass., 1984.
50. Parham, W. E., Clay mineralogy and geology of Minnesota's kaolin clays, Spec. Publ. Ser. Minn Geol Surv. SP-10, 142 pp, 1970.
51. Park, J., and Maasch, K. A., Plio-Pleistocene time evolution of the 100-kyr cycle in marine paleoclimate records, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 447-462, 1993.
52. Paterson, W. S. B., The Physics of Glaciers, 2nd ed, 380 pp., Pergamon, Tarrytown, N Y. 1981.
53. Paterson, W. S. B., The Physics of Glaciers, 3rd ed, 480 pp., Pergamon, Tarrytown, N. Y., 1994
54. Peltier, W. R., Ice age paleotopography. Science, 265, 195-201, 1994.
55. Peltier, W. R., and S. Marshall, Coupled energybalance/ice sheet model simulations of the glacial cycle: A possible connection between terminations and terrigenous dust, J. Geophys. Res, 100, 14, 269-14, 289, 1995.
56. Pisias, N. G., and T. C. Moore, Jr., The evolution of Pleistocene climate A time series approach, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 52, 450-458, 1981.
57. Pollard, D., Ice-age simulations with a calving icesheet model, Quat. Res., 20, 30-48, 1983
58. Raymo, M. E., The initiation of northern hemisphere glaciation, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet Sci., 22, 353-383, 1994.
59. Raymo, M. E., D. W. Oppo, and W. Curry, The mid-Pleistocene climate transition: A deep sea carbon isotopic perspective, Paleoceanography, 12, 546-559, 1997.
60. Ritz. C, A. Fabre, and A. Letreguilly, Sensitivity of a Greenland ice sheet model to ice flow and ablation parameters: Consequences for the evolution through the last climatic cycle, Clim. Dyn, 13, II-24, 1997.
61. Ruddiman, W. F., M. E. Raymo, D. G. Martinson, B. M. Clement, and J. Backman, Pleistocene evolution. Northern hemisphere ice sheets and North Atlantic Ocean, Paleoceanography, 4, 353-412, 1989.
62. Saltzman, B., and K. A. Maasch, A first-order model of late Cenozoic climatic change, Clim. Dyn., 5, 201-210, 1991.
63. Sarna-Wojcicki, A. M., and J. O. Davis, Quaternary tephrochronology, edited by R. B. Morrison, Quaternary Nonglacial Geology: Conterminous U. S The Geology of North America, vol K2, pp 93-116, Geol. Soc. Am, Boulder, Colo., 1991.
64. Setterholm, D. R., and G. B. Morey, An extensive pie-Cretaceous weathering profile in east-central and southwestern Minnesota, U. S. Geol. Surv Bull, 1989, H1-H29, 1995
65. Shackelton, N. J., and N. D. Opdyke, Oxygen isotope and paleomagnetic stratigraphy of Pacific core V28-239, late Pliocene to latest Pleistocene, Mem Geol Soc. Am 145, 449-464, 1976.
66. Solheim, A., E. S. Andersen, A. Elverhøi, and A. Fiedler, Late Cenozoic depositional history of the western Svalbard continental shelf, controlled by subsidence and climate. Global Planet Change, 12, 135-148, 1996
67. Srivistava, S. P., et al. Scientific Results, Baffin Bay and Labrador Sea, 1038 pp., Ocean Drill Program, College Station, Tex., 1989.
68. Start, G. G., and W. L. Prell, Evidence for two Pleistocene climatic modes: Data from DSDP site 502, New Perspectives on Climate Modeling, edited by A. L Berger and C. Nicolis, pp. 3-22, Elsevier, New York, 1984.
69. Sugden, D. E., A case against deep erosion of shields by ice sheets, Geology, 4, 580-582, 1976.
70. Thiebault, F., M. Cremer, P. Debrabant, J. Foulon, O. B. Nielsen, and H. Zimmerman, Analysis of sedimentary facies, clay mineralogy, and geochemistry of the Neogene-Quaternary sediments in site 645, Baffin Bay, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program Sct Results, 105, 83-100, 1989.
71. van der Veen, C. J. Tidewater calving, J. Glacio, 42, 375-385, 1996.
72. Vela. J. C, J. W. Jenson, C. Ho, and P. U. Clark, Long-term deformation of a clayey sandy silt till in simple shear between yield and failure strength Some implications for ice sheet behavior, Eos Trans. AGU, 77(46), Fall Meet. Suppl., FI93, 1996.
73. Wang. C, G. J. Ross, and H. W. Rees, Characteristics of residual and colluvial soils developed on granite and the associated pre-Wisconsin landforms in north-central New Brunswick, Can. J. Earth Sci., 18, 487-494, 1981.
74. Wang. G, G. J. Ross, J. T. Gray, and L. B. Lafreniere, Mineralogy and genesis of saprolite and strongly weathered soils in Appalachian region of Canada, Mar. Sediments Atlantic Geol., 18, 130-138, 1982.