The relation between personality and anxiety: Findings from a 3-year prospective study

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

Volumn 107, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 252-262

  Gershuny, Beth S ^a   Sher, Kenneth J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANXIETY NEUROSIS; ARTICLE; DEPRESSION; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; EXTRAVERSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PERSONALITY; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 0031809244     PISSN: 0021843X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0021-843X.107.2.252     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
2. Amirkhan, J. H., Risinger, R. T., & Swickert, R. J. (1995). Extraversion: A "hidden" personality factor in coping? Journal of Personality, 63, 189-212.
3. Arrindell, W. A., & Emmelkamp, P. M. G. (1987). Psychological states and traits in female agoraphobics: A controlled study. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 9, 237-253.
4. Boyce, P., Parker, G., Barnett, B., Cooney, M., & Smith, F. (1991). Personality as a vulnerability factor to depression. British Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 106-114.
5. Chambless, D. L. (1985). The relationship of severity of agoraphobia to associated psychopathology. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23, 305-310.
6. Clark, D. A., & Hemsley, D. R. (1985). Individual differences in the experience of depressive and anxious, intrusive thoughts. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23, 625-633.
7. Clark, D. A., Steer, R. A., & Beck, A. T. (1994). Common and specific dimensions of self-reported anxiety and depression: Implications for the cognitive and tripartite models. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 645-654.
8. Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1991). Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: Psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 316-336.
9. Clark, L. A., Watson, D., & Mineka, S. (1994). Temperament, personality, and the mood and anxiety disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 103-116.
10. Crews, T., & Sher, K. J. (1992). Using adapted Short MASTs for assessing parental alcoholism: Reliability and validity. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 16, 576-584.
11. Darvill, T. J., Johnson, R. C., & Danko, G. P. (1992). Personality correlates of public and private self consciousness. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 383-384.
12. Davey, G. C. L., & Matchett, G. (1994). Unconditioned stimulus rehearsal and the retention and enhancement of differential "fear" conditioning: Effects of trait and state anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 708-718.
13. Derogatis, L. R., & Spencer, M. S. (1982). The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI): Administration, scoring, and procedures manual - 1. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Clinical Psychometrics Unit.
14. Endicott, J., Andreasen, N., & Spitzer, R. L. (1978). Family History Research Diagnostic Criteria (FH-RDC). New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute.
15. Eysenck, H. J. (1957). The dynamics of anxiety and hysteria. New York: Praeger.
16. Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, M. (1985). Personality and individual differences: A natural science approach. New York: Plenum Press.
17. Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1975). Eysenck Personality Questionnaire manual. San Diego, CA: Educational and Industrial Testing Service.
18. Eysenck, H. J., & Levey, A. (1972). Conditioning, introversion - extraversion and the strength of the nervous system. In V. Nebylitsyn & J. Gray (Eds.), Biological bases of individual behavior (pp. 96-106). New York: Academic Press.
19. Eysenck, M. (1987). Trait theories of anxiety. In J. Strelau & H. J. Eysenck (Eds.), Personality dimensions and arousal (pp. 79-94). New York: Plenum Press.
20. Faravelli, C., & Albanesi, G. (1987). Agoraphobia with panic attacks: 1-year prospective follow-up. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 28, 481-487.
21. Fowles, D. (1987). Application of a behavioral theory of motivation to the concepts of anxiety and impulsivity. Journal of Research in Personality, 21, 417-435.
22. Gotlib, I. H. (1984). Depression and general psychopathology in university students. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 93, 19-30.
23. Gray, J. A. (1981). A critique of Eysenck's theory of personality. In H. J. Eysenck (Ed.), A model for personality (pp. 91-98). New York: Springer.
24. Gray, J. A. (1987). Perspectives on anxiety and impulsivity: A commentary. Journal of Research in Personality, 21, 493-509.
25. Hotard, S. R., McFatter, R. M., McWhirter, R. M., & Stegall, M. E. (1989). Interactive effects of extraversion, neuroticism, and social relationships on subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 321-331.
26. Kenardy, J., Oei, T. P. S., & Evans, L. (1990). Neuroticism and age of onset for agoraphobia with panic attacks. Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 21, 193-197.
27. Kendler, K. S., Heath, A. C., Martin, N. G., & Eaves, L. J. (1987). Symptoms of anxiety and symptoms of depression: Same genes, different environment? Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 451-457.
28. Kushner, M. G., Sher, K. J., & Beitman, B. D. (1990). The relation between alcohol problems and the anxiety disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 685-695.
29. Levenson, M. R., Aldwin, C. M., Bosse, R., & Spiro, A. (1988). Emotionality and mental health: Longitudinal findings from the normative aging study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 94-96.
30. Lolas, F. (1991). Personality effects on verbally expressed anxiety and hostility. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 581-584.
31. Lubinski, D., & Humphreys, L. G. (1990). Assessing spurious "moderator effects": Illustrated substantively with the hypothesized ("synergistic") relation between spatial and mathematical ability. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 305-393.
32. Maher, B. A., & Maher, W. B. (1994). Personality and psychopathology: A historical perspective. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 72-77.
33. McClelland, G. H., & Judd, C. M. (1993). Statistical difficulties of detecting interactions and moderator effects. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 376-390.
34. McFatter, R. M. (1994). Interactions in predicting mood from extraversion and neuroticism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 570-578.
35. McKenzie, J. (1988). An item-factor analysis of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (E.P.Q.): Will the real personality factors stand up? Personality and Individual Differences, 9, 801-810.
36. Noyes, R., Clancy, J., Hoenk, P. R., & Slymen, D. J. (1980). The prognosis of anxiety neurosis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 37, 173-178.
37. Parkes, K. R. (1986). Coping in stressful episodes: The role of individual differences, environmental factors, and situational characteristics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1277-1292.
38. Reich, J., Noyes, R., Coryell, W., & O'Gorman, T. W. (1986). The effect of state anxiety on personality measurement. American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 760-763.
39. SAS Institute, Inc. (1985). SAS user's guide: Statistics (Version 5 ed.). Cary, NC: Author.
40. Selzer, M., Vinokur, A., & van Rooijen, L. (1975). A self-administered Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (SMAST). Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 36, 117-126.
41. Sher, K. J., Walitzer, K., Wood, P., & Brent, E. (1991). Characteristics of children of alcoholics: Putative risk factors, substance use and abuse, and psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 427-448.
42. Sher, K. J., Wood, P. K., & Gotham, H. J. (1996). The course of psychological distress in college: A prospective high-risk study. Journal of College Student Development, 37, 42-50.
43. Trull, T. J., & Sher, K. J. (1994). Relationship between the five-factor model of personality and Axis I disorders in a nonclinical sample. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 350-360.
44. van Oppen, P. (1992). Obsessions and compulsions: Dimensional structure, reliability, convergent and divergent validity of the Padua Inventory. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 30, 631-637.
45. Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Carey, G. (1988). Positive and negative affectivity and their relation to anxiety and depressive disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 346-353.
46. Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Harkness, A. R. (1994). Structures of personality and their relevance to psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 18-31.
47. Widiger, T. A., & Trull, T. J. (1992). Personality and psychopathology: An application of the five-factor model. Journal of Personality, 60, 363-393.
48. Zinbarg, R., & Revelle, W. (1989). Personality and conditioning: A test of four models. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 301-314.
49. Zinbarg, R. E., & Barlow, D. H. (1996). Structure of anxiety and the anxiety disorders: A hierarchical model. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 105, 181-193.