메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 359-379

Psychoneuroendocrinology of post-traumatic stress disorder

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; CATECHOLAMINE; CORTICOTROPIN; CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR; DEXAMETHASONE; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; HYDROCORTISONE; TESTOSTERONE; THYROTROPIN; THYROXINE;

EID: 0031808377     PISSN: 0193953X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70010-1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (132)

References (131)
  • 1
    • 0023232461 scopus 로고
    • The dexamethasone suppression test: An overview of its current status in psychiatry
    • APA task force on laboratory tests in psychiatry The dexamethasone suppression test: An overview of its current status in psychiatry Am J Psychiatry 144 1987 1253 1262
    • (1987) Am J Psychiatry , vol.144 , pp. 1253-1262
    • APA task force on laboratory tests in psychiatry1
  • 2
    • 0011136699 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder
    • N.C. Andreasen Posttraumatic stress disorder ed 3 H.O. Kaplan A.M. Freedman B.J. Sadock Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry vol 2 1980 Williams & Wilkins Baltimore
    • (1980)
    • Andreasen, N.C.1
  • 4
    • 0023251249 scopus 로고
    • CSF corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in depression and schizophrenia
    • C.M. Banki G. Bissette M. Arato CSF corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in depression and schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 144 1987 873 877
    • (1987) Am J Psychiatry , vol.144 , pp. 873-877
    • Banki, C.M.1    Bissette, G.2    Arato, M.3
  • 5
    • 0021348181 scopus 로고
    • Stress factors in affective diseases
    • E.J. Bidzinska Stress factors in affective diseases Br J Psychiatry 144 1984 161 166
    • (1984) Br J Psychiatry , vol.144 , pp. 161-166
    • Bidzinska, E.J.1
  • 6
    • 0023024276 scopus 로고
    • A psychophysiological study of post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans
    • E.B. Blanchard L.C. Kolb T.P. Pallmeyer A psychophysiological study of post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans Behav Res Ther 24 1986 645 652
    • (1986) Behav Res Ther , vol.24 , pp. 645-652
    • Blanchard, E.B.1    Kolb, L.C.2    Pallmeyer, T.P.3
  • 7
    • 0025800973 scopus 로고
    • Changes in plasma norepinephrine to combat-related stimuli among Vietnam veterans with PTSD
    • E.B. Blanchard L.C. Kolb A. Prins Changes in plasma norepinephrine to combat-related stimuli among Vietnam veterans with PTSD J Nerv Ment Dis 179 1991 371 373
    • (1991) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.179 , pp. 371-373
    • Blanchard, E.B.1    Kolb, L.C.2    Prins, A.3
  • 8
    • 0030008161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder, exposure to combat, and lower plasma cortisol among Vietnam veterans: Findings and clinical implications
    • J.A. Boscarino Posttraumatic stress disorder, exposure to combat, and lower plasma cortisol among Vietnam veterans: Findings and clinical implications J Clin Cons Psych 64 1996 191 201
    • (1996) J Clin Cons Psych , vol.64 , pp. 191-201
    • Boscarino, J.A.1
  • 9
    • 84995835298 scopus 로고
    • Psychic trauma and pathologenesis of exophthalmic goiter
    • I. Bram Psychic trauma and pathologenesis of exophthalmic goiter Endocrinology 11 1927 106 116
    • (1927) Endocrinology , vol.11 , pp. 106-116
    • Bram, I.1
  • 10
    • 0031004906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated CSF corticotropin-releasing factor concentrations in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • J. Bremner J. Licinio A. Darnell Elevated CSF corticotropin-releasing factor concentrations in post-traumatic stress disorder Am J Psychiatry 1997
    • (1997) Am J Psychiatry
    • Bremner, J.1    Licinio, J.2    Darnell, A.3
  • 11
    • 0027450513 scopus 로고
    • Childhood physical abuse and combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder
    • J.D. Bremner S.M. Southwick D.R. Johnson Childhood physical abuse and combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder Am J Psychiatry 150 1993 234 239
    • (1993) Am J Psychiatry , vol.150 , pp. 234-239
    • Bremner, J.D.1    Southwick, S.M.2    Johnson, D.R.3
  • 12
    • 0019995507 scopus 로고
    • Electrodermal responses in post-traumatic syndromes
    • J. Brende Electrodermal responses in post-traumatic syndromes J Nerv Ment Dis 170 1982 352 361
    • (1982) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.170 , pp. 352-361
    • Brende, J.1
  • 13
    • 0026033672 scopus 로고
    • Traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder in an urban population of young adults
    • N. Breslau G.C. Davis P. Andreski Traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder in an urban population of young adults Arch Gen Psychiatry 48 1991 216 222
    • (1991) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 216-222
    • Breslau, N.1    Davis, G.C.2    Andreski, P.3
  • 14
    • 0000048881 scopus 로고
    • Emergency function of adrenal medulla in pain and major emotions
    • W.B. Cannon Emergency function of adrenal medulla in pain and major emotions Am J Physiol 3 1914 356 372
    • (1914) Am J Physiol , vol.3 , pp. 356-372
    • Cannon, W.B.1
  • 15
    • 0019435794 scopus 로고
    • A specific laboratory test for the diagnosis of melancholia
    • B.J. Caroll M. Feinberg J.F. Greden A specific laboratory test for the diagnosis of melancholia Arch Gen Psychiatry 38 1981 15 22
    • (1981) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 15-22
    • Caroll, B.J.1    Feinberg, M.2    Greden, J.F.3
  • 16
    • 0022930137 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in discrete rat brain regions after acute and chronic stress
    • M.A. Chappell C.D. Smithe C.D. Kilts Alterations in corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in discrete rat brain regions after acute and chronic stress J Neurosci 6 1986 2908
    • (1986) J Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 2908
    • Chappell, M.A.1    Smithe, C.D.2    Kilts, C.D.3
  • 17
    • 0027531792 scopus 로고
    • Psychobiological mechanisms of post-traumatic stress disorder
    • D.S. Charney A. Deutch J. Krystal Psychobiological mechanisms of post-traumatic stress disorder Arch Gen Psychiatry 50 1993 294 305
    • (1993) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 294-305
    • Charney, D.S.1    Deutch, A.2    Krystal, J.3
  • 18
    • 0026536665 scopus 로고
    • The concepts of stress and stress system disorders. Overview of physical and behavioral homeostasis
    • G.P. Chrousos P.W. Gold The concepts of stress and stress system disorders. Overview of physical and behavioral homeostasis JAMA 267 1992 1244 1252
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.267 , pp. 1244-1252
    • Chrousos, G.P.1    Gold, P.W.2
  • 19
    • 0021984413 scopus 로고
    • A diagnostic and family study of post-traumatic stress disorder
    • J. Davidson M. Swartz M. Storck A diagnostic and family study of post-traumatic stress disorder Am J Psychiatry 142 1985 90 93
    • (1985) Am J Psychiatry , vol.142 , pp. 90-93
    • Davidson, J.1    Swartz, M.2    Storck, M.3
  • 20
    • 0025909241 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder in the community: An epidemiological study
    • J.R.T. Davidson D. Hughes D. Blazer Posttraumatic stress disorder in the community: An epidemiological study Psychol Med 21 1991 1 9
    • (1991) Psychol Med , vol.21 , pp. 1-9
    • Davidson, J.R.T.1    Hughes, D.2    Blazer, D.3
  • 22
    • 0028157882 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation in sexually abused girls
    • M. DeBellis G.P. Chrousos L.D. Dorn Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation in sexually abused girls J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78 1994 249 255
    • (1994) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.78 , pp. 249-255
    • DeBellis, M.1    Chrousos, G.P.2    Dorn, L.D.3
  • 23
    • 0025931798 scopus 로고
    • Implication of brain corticosteroid receptor diversity for the adaptation syndrome concept
    • R. DeKloet M. Joels M. Oitzl Implication of brain corticosteroid receptor diversity for the adaptation syndrome concept Methods Achieve Exp Pathol 14 1991 104 132
    • (1991) Methods Achieve Exp Pathol , vol.14 , pp. 104-132
    • DeKloet, R.1    Joels, M.2    Oitzl, M.3
  • 24
    • 0025188101 scopus 로고
    • A pilot study of a neuroendocrine test battery in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • T.G. Dinan S. Barry L.N. Yatham A pilot study of a neuroendocrine test battery in post-traumatic stress disorder Biol Psychiatry 28 1990 665 672
    • (1990) Biol Psychiatry , vol.28 , pp. 665-672
    • Dinan, T.G.1    Barry, S.2    Yatham, L.N.3
  • 26
    • 0020445014 scopus 로고
    • A Immunocytochemical demonstration of corticoliberin-like immunoreeactivity (CLI) in neurons of the rat amygdala central nucleus (ACN)
    • D. Fellman C. Bugnon A. Gouger A Immunocytochemical demonstration of corticoliberin-like immunoreeactivity (CLI) in neurons of the rat amygdala central nucleus (ACN) Neuronsci Lett 34 1982 253
    • (1982) Neuronsci Lett , vol.34 , pp. 253
    • Fellman, D.1    Bugnon, C.2    Gouger, A.3
  • 27
    • 0006838244 scopus 로고
    • Etiology of post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans
    • D.W. Foy R.C. Sipprelle D.B. Rueger Etiology of post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans J Consult Clin Psychol 40 1984 1323 1328
    • (1984) J Consult Clin Psychol , vol.40 , pp. 1323-1328
    • Foy, D.W.1    Sipprelle, R.C.2    Rueger, D.B.3
  • 28
    • 0000837301 scopus 로고
    • PTSD and comorbidity: Psychobiological approaches to differential diagnosis
    • M.J. Friedman R. Yehuda PTSD and comorbidity: Psychobiological approaches to differential diagnosis M.J. Friedman D.S. Charney A.Y. Deutch Neurobiological and Clinical Consequences of Stress: From Normal Adaptation to PTSD 1995 Raven Press New York 429 445
    • (1995) , pp. 429-445
    • Friedman, M.J.1    Yehuda, R.2
  • 30
    • 0029949410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal cortisol and dexamethasone suppression of cortisol among adolescents after the 1988 earthquake in Armenia
    • A.K. Goenjian R. Yehuda R.S. Pynoos Basal cortisol and dexamethasone suppression of cortisol among adolescents after the 1988 earthquake in Armenia Am J Psychiatry 153 1996 929 934
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 929-934
    • Goenjian, A.K.1    Yehuda, R.2    Pynoos, R.S.3
  • 31
    • 0021282106 scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric implications of basic and clinical studies with corticotropin-releasing factor
    • P.W. Gold G. Chrousos C. Kellner Psychiatric implications of basic and clinical studies with corticotropin-releasing factor Am J Psychiatry, 141 1984 619 625
    • (1984) Am J Psychiatry, , vol.141 , pp. 619-625
    • Gold, P.W.1    Chrousos, G.2    Kellner, C.3
  • 32
    • 0022358054 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptors in depression: Relationship to the dexamethasone suppression test
    • G.J. Gormley M.T. Lowy A.T. Reder Glucocorticoid receptors in depression: Relationship to the dexamethasone suppression test Am J Psychiatry 142 1985 1278 1284
    • (1985) Am J Psychiatry , vol.142 , pp. 1278-1284
    • Gormley, G.J.1    Lowy, M.T.2    Reder, A.T.3
  • 33
    • 0000136097 scopus 로고
    • Identifying survivors at risk: Trauma and stressors across events
    • B. Green Identifying survivors at risk: Trauma and stressors across events J. Wilson B. Raphael International Handbook of Traumatic Stress Syndromes 1993 Plenum New York
    • (1993)
    • Green, B.1
  • 35
    • 0024465091 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity in indigenously depressed post-traumatic stress disorder patients
    • U. Halbreich J. Olympia S. Carson Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity in indigenously depressed post-traumatic stress disorder patients Psychoneuroendocrinology 14 1989 365 370
    • (1989) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.14 , pp. 365-370
    • Halbreich, U.1    Olympia, J.2    Carson, S.3
  • 36
    • 85119807339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heim C, Ehlert U, Rexhausen J, et al: Psychoendocrinological observations in women with chronic pelvic pain. Yehuda R, McFarlane AC (eds): Psychobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol 821.) New York, 1997, pp 456–458
  • 37
    • 0023521442 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder in the general population
    • J.E. Helzer L.N. Robins L. McEvoy Posttraumatic stress disorder in the general population N Engl J Med, 317 1987 1630 1634
    • (1987) N Engl J Med, , vol.317 , pp. 1630-1634
    • Helzer, J.E.1    Robins, L.N.2    McEvoy, L.3
  • 38
    • 1842606918 scopus 로고
    • Blunted corticotropin and normal cortisol responses to human corticotropin-releasing factor in depression
    • F. Holsboer U. von Bardeleben A. Gerken Blunted corticotropin and normal cortisol responses to human corticotropin-releasing factor in depression N Engl J Med 311 1984 1127
    • (1984) N Engl J Med , vol.311 , pp. 1127
    • Holsboer, F.1    von Bardeleben, U.2    Gerken, A.3
  • 39
    • 0030749961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral and plasma cortisol responses to sodium lactate infusion in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • C.F. Jensen T.W. Keller E.R. Peskind Behavioral and plasma cortisol responses to sodium lactate infusion in post-traumatic stress disorder R. Yehuda A.C. McFarlane Psychobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 1997 New York Academy of Sciences New York 444 447
    • (1997) , pp. 444-447
    • Jensen, C.F.1    Keller, T.W.2    Peskind, E.R.3
  • 40
    • 85119791403 scopus 로고
    • A. Kardiner The traumatic neurosis of war 1941 Hoeber New York
    • (1941)
    • Kardiner, A.1
  • 41
    • 0030726843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salivary cortisol in Operation Desert Storm returnees
    • M. Kellner D.G. Baker R. Yehuda Salivary cortisol in Operation Desert Storm returnees Biol Psychiatry 42 1997 849 850
    • (1997) Biol Psychiatry , vol.42 , pp. 849-850
    • Kellner, M.1    Baker, D.G.2    Yehuda, R.3
  • 42
    • 0028867185 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder in the national comorbidity survey
    • R.C. Kessler A. Sonnega E. Bromet Posttraumatic stress disorder in the national comorbidity survey Arch Gen Psychiatry 52 1995 1048 1060
    • (1995) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 1048-1060
    • Kessler, R.C.1    Sonnega, A.2    Bromet, E.3
  • 43
    • 0023029140 scopus 로고
    • Forty-year follow-up of United States prisoners of war
    • J.C. Kluznick N. Speed C. Van Valkenberg Forty-year follow-up of United States prisoners of war Am J Psychiatry 143 1986 1443 1446
    • (1986) Am J Psychiatry , vol.143 , pp. 1443-1446
    • Kluznick, J.C.1    Speed, N.2    Van Valkenberg, C.3
  • 44
    • 0023143312 scopus 로고
    • Sustained urinary norepinephrine and epinephrine levels in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • T.R. Kosten J.W. Mason E.L. Giller Sustained urinary norepinephrine and epinephrine levels in post-traumatic stress disorder Psychoneuroendocrinology 12 1987 13 20
    • (1987) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.12 , pp. 13-20
    • Kosten, T.R.1    Mason, J.W.2    Giller, E.L.3
  • 45
    • 0025170005 scopus 로고
    • The dexamethasone suppression test and thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • T.R. Kosten V. Wahby E. Giller The dexamethasone suppression test and thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test in post-traumatic stress disorder Biol Psychiatry 28 1990 657
    • (1990) Biol Psychiatry , vol.28 , pp. 657
    • Kosten, T.R.1    Wahby, V.2    Giller, E.3
  • 46
    • 77956712259 scopus 로고
    • CRF stimulation test results before and after dexamethasone in depressed patients and normal controls
    • R.R. Krishnan J.C. Ritchie D. Reed CRF stimulation test results before and after dexamethasone in depressed patients and normal controls J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1991
    • (1991) J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci
    • Krishnan, R.R.1    Ritchie, J.C.2    Reed, D.3
  • 47
    • 0023253201 scopus 로고
    • The DST and post-traumatic stress disorder
    • H. Kudler J. Davidson K. Meador The DST and post-traumatic stress disorder Am J Psychiatry 144 1987 1068 1071
    • (1987) Am J Psychiatry , vol.144 , pp. 1068-1071
    • Kudler, H.1    Davidson, J.2    Meador, K.3
  • 48
    • 85119794225 scopus 로고
    • Role of stressful life events in the onset of Graves disease
    • J. Leclerc M. Germain G. Weryla Role of stressful life events in the onset of Graves disease 10th International Thyroid Conference 1991 The Hague [abstract]
    • (1991)
    • Leclerc, J.1    Germain, M.2    Weryla, G.3
  • 49
    • 0028917715 scopus 로고
    • Abuse-related post-traumatic stress disorder: Evidence for chronic neuroendocrine activation in women
    • A.M. Lemieux C.L. Coe Abuse-related post-traumatic stress disorder: Evidence for chronic neuroendocrine activation in women Psychosom Med 57 1995 105 115
    • (1995) Psychosom Med , vol.57 , pp. 105-115
    • Lemieux, A.M.1    Coe, C.L.2
  • 50
    • 0024356451 scopus 로고
    • Augmented pituitary corticotropin response to a threshold dosage of human corticotropin-releasing hormone in depressive pretreated with metyrapone
    • J. Lisansky G.T. Peake R.J. Strassman Augmented pituitary corticotropin response to a threshold dosage of human corticotropin-releasing hormone in depressive pretreated with metyrapone Arch Gen Psychiatry 46 1989 641 649
    • (1989) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 641-649
    • Lisansky, J.1    Peake, G.T.2    Strassman, R.J.3
  • 51
    • 0002725569 scopus 로고
    • Immune function, glucocorticoid receptor regulation and depression
    • M.T. Lowry G.J. Gormley A.T. Reder Immune function, glucocorticoid receptor regulation and depression Depressive Disorders and Immunity 1989 APA Press Washington, DC 105 134
    • (1989) , pp. 105-134
    • Lowry, M.T.1    Gormley, G.J.2    Reder, A.T.3
  • 52
    • 0021039853 scopus 로고
    • Validation of a multimethod assessment of post-traumatic stress disorders in Vietnam veterans
    • P.F. Malloy J.A. Fairbanks T.M. Keane Validation of a multimethod assessment of post-traumatic stress disorders in Vietnam veterans J Clin Consult Psych 51 1983 488 494
    • (1983) J Clin Consult Psych , vol.51 , pp. 488-494
    • Malloy, P.F.1    Fairbanks, J.A.2    Keane, T.M.3
  • 53
    • 0016483474 scopus 로고
    • A historical view of the stress field, part I
    • J.W. Mason A historical view of the stress field, part I J Human Stress 1 1975 6 12
    • (1975) J Human Stress , vol.1 , pp. 6-12
    • Mason, J.W.1
  • 54
    • 0014329630 scopus 로고
    • A review of psychoendocrine research on the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system
    • J.W. Mason A review of psychoendocrine research on the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system Psychosom Med 30 1968 631 653
    • (1968) Psychosom Med , vol.30 , pp. 631-653
    • Mason, J.W.1
  • 55
    • 0022656717 scopus 로고
    • Urinary-free cortisol levels in post-traumatic stress disorder patients
    • J.W. Mason E.L. Giller T.R. Kosten Urinary-free cortisol levels in post-traumatic stress disorder patients J Nerv Ment Dis 174 1986 145 159
    • (1986) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.174 , pp. 145-159
    • Mason, J.W.1    Giller, E.L.2    Kosten, T.R.3
  • 56
    • 0023801819 scopus 로고
    • Elevation of the urinary norepinephrine/cortisol ratio in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • J.W. Mason E.L. Giller T.R. Kosten Elevation of the urinary norepinephrine/cortisol ratio in post-traumatic stress disorder J Nerv Ment Dis 176 1988 498
    • (1988) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.176 , pp. 498
    • Mason, J.W.1    Giller, E.L.2    Kosten, T.R.3
  • 57
    • 0000593267 scopus 로고
    • Serum testosterone levels in post-traumatic stress disorder patients
    • J.W. Mason E.L. Giller T.R. Kosten Serum testosterone levels in post-traumatic stress disorder patients J Trauma Stress 3 1990 449 457
    • (1990) J Trauma Stress , vol.3 , pp. 449-457
    • Mason, J.W.1    Giller, E.L.2    Kosten, T.R.3
  • 58
    • 0008717639 scopus 로고
    • Psychoendocrine approaches to the diagnosis and pathogenesis of PTSD
    • J.W. Mason E.L. Giller T.R. Kosten Psychoendocrine approaches to the diagnosis and pathogenesis of PTSD Biological Assessment and Treatment of PTSD 1990 American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC 65 86
    • (1990) , pp. 65-86
    • Mason, J.W.1    Giller, E.L.2    Kosten, T.R.3
  • 60
    • 0028041522 scopus 로고
    • Elevation of serum free T3, total T3, TBG and total T4 levels in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder
    • J.W. Mason S.M. Southwick R. Yehuda Elevation of serum free T3, total T3, TBG and total T4 levels in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder Arch Gen Psychiatry 51 1994 629 641
    • (1994) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 629-641
    • Mason, J.W.1    Southwick, S.M.2    Yehuda, R.3
  • 61
    • 0022995728 scopus 로고
    • Adrenal steroid receptors and actions in the nervous system
    • B.S. McEwen E.R. DeKloet W.H. Rostene Adrenal steroid receptors and actions in the nervous system Physiol Rev 66 1986 1121 1188
    • (1986) Physiol Rev , vol.66 , pp. 1121-1188
    • McEwen, B.S.1    DeKloet, E.R.2    Rostene, W.H.3
  • 62
    • 0025332302 scopus 로고
    • Autonomic response to stress in Vietnam combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder
    • M. McFall M. Murburg G. Ko Autonomic response to stress in Vietnam combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder Biol Psychiatry 27 1990 1165 1175
    • (1990) Biol Psychiatry , vol.27 , pp. 1165-1175
    • McFall, M.1    Murburg, M.2    Ko, G.3
  • 63
    • 0024497352 scopus 로고
    • The aetiology of post-traumatic mobordity: Predisposing and precipitating and perpetuating factors
    • A.C. McFarlane The aetiology of post-traumatic mobordity: Predisposing and precipitating and perpetuating factors Br J Psychiatry 154 1989 221
    • (1989) Br J Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 221
    • McFarlane, A.C.1
  • 64
    • 0022371699 scopus 로고
    • The effects of stressful life events and disasters: Research and theoretical issues
    • A.C. McFarlane The effects of stressful life events and disasters: Research and theoretical issues Aust N Z J Psychiatry 19 1985 409 421
    • (1985) Aust N Z J Psychiatry , vol.19 , pp. 409-421
    • McFarlane, A.C.1
  • 65
    • 0002298981 scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability to post-traumatic stress disorder
    • McFarlane Vulnerability to post-traumatic stress disorder M.E. Wolf A.D. Mosnaim Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Etiology, Phenomenology and Treatment 1990 American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC
    • (1990)
    • McFarlane1
  • 66
    • 0001775321 scopus 로고
    • What constitutes a stressor: The “criterion A” issue
    • J.S. March What constitutes a stressor: The “criterion A” issue J.R.T. Davidson E.B. Foa Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: DSM-IV and Beyond 1993 American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC
    • (1993)
    • March, J.S.1
  • 67
    • 0002796279 scopus 로고
    • The effect of certain sensory simulation on the respiratory rate in cases of so-called “irritable heart.”
    • J.C. Meakins R.M. Wilson The effect of certain sensory simulation on the respiratory rate in cases of so-called “irritable heart.” Heart 7 1918 17 22
    • (1918) Heart , vol.7 , pp. 17-22
    • Meakins, J.C.1    Wilson, R.M.2
  • 68
    • 0014544217 scopus 로고
    • A simplified metyrapone test with determination of plasma 11-deoxycortisol
    • A.W. Meikle W. Jubiz M.P. Hutchings A simplified metyrapone test with determination of plasma 11-deoxycortisol J Clin Endocrinol 29 1969 985 987
    • (1969) J Clin Endocrinol , vol.29 , pp. 985-987
    • Meikle, A.W.1    Jubiz, W.2    Hutchings, M.P.3
  • 69
    • 0029119857 scopus 로고
    • Nocturnal/daytime urine noradrenergic measures and sleep in combat-related PTSD
    • T.A. Mellman K. Adarsh R. Kulik-Bell Nocturnal/daytime urine noradrenergic measures and sleep in combat-related PTSD Biol Psychiatry 38 1995 174 179
    • (1995) Biol Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 174-179
    • Mellman, T.A.1    Adarsh, K.2    Kulik-Bell, R.3
  • 70
    • 0021279586 scopus 로고
    • Corticotropin-releasing factor (CFR)-like immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system. Extrahypothalamic distribution
    • I. Merchanthaler Corticotropin-releasing factor (CFR)-like immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system. Extrahypothalamic distribution Peptides 5 1984 53
    • (1984) Peptides , vol.5 , pp. 53
    • Merchanthaler, I.1
  • 71
    • 85119806144 scopus 로고
    • Z.B. Mountcastle Medical physiology ed 13 1973 Mosby St. Louis, MO
    • (1973)
    • Mountcastle, Z.B.1
  • 72
    • 0029646118 scopus 로고
    • Plasma norepinephrine kinetics in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder
    • M.M. Murburg M.E. McFall N. Lewis Plasma norepinephrine kinetics in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder Biol Psychiatry 38 12 1995 819 825
    • (1995) Biol Psychiatry , vol.38 , Issue.12 , pp. 819-825
    • Murburg, M.M.1    McFall, M.E.2    Lewis, N.3
  • 73
    • 84987160515 scopus 로고
    • The neurobiology of neuropeptides: An introduction
    • C.B. Nemeroff The neurobiology of neuropeptides: An introduction Neuropeptides and Psychiatric Disorders 1991 American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC 3 14
    • (1991) , pp. 3-14
    • Nemeroff, C.B.1
  • 74
    • 0021714606 scopus 로고
    • Elevated concentrations of CSF corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in depressed patients
    • C.B. Nemeroff E. Widerlov G. Bissette Elevated concentrations of CSF corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in depressed patients Science 226 1984 1342 1344
    • (1984) Science , vol.226 , pp. 1342-1344
    • Nemeroff, C.B.1    Widerlov, E.2    Bissette, G.3
  • 75
    • 0023927320 scopus 로고
    • Reduced corticotropin-releasing factor binding sites in the frontal cortex of suicides
    • C.B. Nemeroff E. Widerlov G. Bissette Reduced corticotropin-releasing factor binding sites in the frontal cortex of suicides Arch Gen Psychiatry 45 1988 577
    • (1988) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.45 , pp. 577
    • Nemeroff, C.B.1    Widerlov, E.2    Bissette, G.3
  • 76
    • 0024419435 scopus 로고
    • Thyrotripin-releasing hormone (TRH), the thyroid axis, and affective disorder
    • C.B. Nemeroff D.L. Evans Thyrotripin-releasing hormone (TRH), the thyroid axis, and affective disorder Ann NY Acad Sci 553 1989 304
    • (1989) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.553 , pp. 304
    • Nemeroff, C.B.1    Evans, D.L.2
  • 77
    • 0000462456 scopus 로고
    • Affective disorders, DST, and treatment in PTSD patients: Clinical observations
    • A.A. Olivera D. Fero Affective disorders, DST, and treatment in PTSD patients: Clinical observations J Traum Stress 3 1990 407 414
    • (1990) J Traum Stress , vol.3 , pp. 407-414
    • Olivera, A.A.1    Fero, D.2
  • 78
    • 0030846343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychophysiologic reactivity to trauma-related imagery in PTSD: Diagnostic and theoretical implications of recent findings. Psychobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
    • S.P. Orr Psychophysiologic reactivity to trauma-related imagery in PTSD: Diagnostic and theoretical implications of recent findings. Psychobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder R. Yehuda A.C. McFarlane Ann NY Acad Sci 821 1997 114 124
    • (1997) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.821 , pp. 114-124
    • Orr, S.P.1
  • 79
    • 0000223858 scopus 로고
    • Neurobiological sequelae of childhood trauma: PTSD in children
    • B.D. Perry Neurobiological sequelae of childhood trauma: PTSD in children Catecholamine Function in PTSD 1994 American Psychological Association Press Washington, DC
    • (1994)
    • Perry, B.D.1
  • 80
    • 0023449930 scopus 로고
    • Altered platelet alpha2 adrenergic binding sites in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • B.D. Perry E.L. Giller S.M. Southwick Altered platelet alpha2 adrenergic binding sites in post-traumatic stress disorder Am J Psychiatry 144 1987 1511 1512
    • (1987) Am J Psychiatry , vol.144 , pp. 1511-1512
    • Perry, B.D.1    Giller, E.L.2    Southwick, S.M.3
  • 81
    • 0002459167 scopus 로고
    • Adrenergic receptor regulation in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • B.D. Perry S.M. Southwick R. Yehuda Adrenergic receptor regulation in post-traumatic stress disorder Biological Assessment and Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder 1990 American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC 87 114
    • (1990) , pp. 87-114
    • Perry, B.D.1    Southwick, S.M.2    Yehuda, R.3
  • 82
    • 85119817547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pitman RK, Orr SP, Yehuda R, et al: Ambulatory monitoring of heart rate and catecholamine exretion in Vietnam veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. submitted for publication
  • 83
    • 0025060942 scopus 로고
    • Twenty-four hour urinary cortisol and catecholamine excretion in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder
    • R.K. Pitman S. Orr Twenty-four hour urinary cortisol and catecholamine excretion in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder Biol Psychiatry 27 1990 245 247
    • (1990) Biol Psychiatry , vol.27 , pp. 245-247
    • Pitman, R.K.1    Orr, S.2
  • 84
    • 0023475108 scopus 로고
    • Psychophysiologic assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder imagery in Vietnam combat veterans
    • R.K. Pitman S.P. Orr D.F. Forgue Psychophysiologic assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder imagery in Vietnam combat veterans Arch Gen Psychiatry 44 1987 970 975
    • (1987) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 970-975
    • Pitman, R.K.1    Orr, S.P.2    Forgue, D.F.3
  • 85
    • 0022512031 scopus 로고
    • Conditioning and sensitization in the longitudinal course of affective illness
    • R.M. Post D.R. Rubinow J.C. Ballenger Conditioning and sensitization in the longitudinal course of affective illness Br J Psychiatry 149 1986 191 201
    • (1986) Br J Psychiatry , vol.149 , pp. 191-201
    • Post, R.M.1    Rubinow, D.R.2    Ballenger, J.C.3
  • 86
    • 0017297809 scopus 로고
    • Life events, stress and illness
    • J.G. Rabkin E.L. Struening Life events, stress and illness Science 194 1976 1013 1020
    • (1976) Science , vol.194 , pp. 1013-1020
    • Rabkin, J.G.1    Struening, E.L.2
  • 87
    • 0021962811 scopus 로고
    • Localization, colocaliztion and plasticity of corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactivity in rat brain
    • P.E. Sawchenko L.W. Swanson Localization, colocaliztion and plasticity of corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactivity in rat brain Federal Proceedings 44 1985 221
    • (1985) Federal Proceedings , vol.44 , pp. 221
    • Sawchenko, P.E.1    Swanson, L.W.2
  • 89
    • 0027456413 scopus 로고
    • Premilitary MMPI scores as predictors of combat-related PTSD symptoms
    • P.P. Schnurr M.J. Freidman S.D. Rosenberg Premilitary MMPI scores as predictors of combat-related PTSD symptoms Am J Psychiatry 150 1993 479 483
    • (1993) Am J Psychiatry , vol.150 , pp. 479-483
    • Schnurr, P.P.1    Freidman, M.J.2    Rosenberg, S.D.3
  • 90
    • 85119803788 scopus 로고
    • H. Selyle Selye's Guide to Stress Research vol 1 1980 Van Nostrand Reinhold Company New York
    • (1980)
    • Selyle, H.1
  • 91
    • 0027516598 scopus 로고
    • Psychophysiologic assessment of traumatic imagery in Israeli civilian patients with post-traumatic stress disorders
    • A.Y. Shalev F.P. Orr R.K. Pitman Psychophysiologic assessment of traumatic imagery in Israeli civilian patients with post-traumatic stress disorders Am J Psychiatry 150 1993 620 624
    • (1993) Am J Psychiatry , vol.150 , pp. 620-624
    • Shalev, A.Y.1    Orr, F.P.2    Pitman, R.K.3
  • 92
    • 0002848493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal development of post-traumatic disorders
    • Shalev A.Y. Yehuda R. Longitudinal development of post-traumatic disorders Psychological Trauma: Annual Review of Psychiatry vol 17 1998 American Psychiatric Association Press Washington, DC
    • (1998)
    • Shalev, A.Y.1    Yehuda, R.2
  • 93
    • 0022181104 scopus 로고
    • Overview: Toward a dysregulation hypothesis of depression
    • L.J. Siever K.L. Davis Overview: Toward a dysregulation hypothesis of depression Am J Psychiatry 41 1985 1017 1031
    • (1985) Am J Psychiatry , vol.41 , pp. 1017-1031
    • Siever, L.J.1    Davis, K.L.2
  • 94
    • 0024339957 scopus 로고
    • The corticotropin releasing hormone test in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder
    • M.A. Smith J. Davidson J.C. Ritchie The corticotropin releasing hormone test in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder Biol Psychiatry 26 1989 349 355
    • (1989) Biol Psychiatry , vol.26 , pp. 349-355
    • Smith, M.A.1    Davidson, J.2    Ritchie, J.C.3
  • 95
    • 85119810662 scopus 로고
    • Social support and perceived controls as moderators of responses to dioxin and flood exposure
    • S. Solomon E. Smith Social support and perceived controls as moderators of responses to dioxin and flood exposure R.J. Ursano B.G. McCaughey C.S. Fullerton Individual and community responses to trauma and disaster: The structure of human chaos 1994 Cambridge University Press New York
    • (1994)
    • Solomon, S.1    Smith, E.2
  • 96
    • 0026440711 scopus 로고
    • Elderly Israeli Holocaust survivors during the Persian Gulf War: A study of psychological distress
    • Z. Solomon E. Preager Elderly Israeli Holocaust survivors during the Persian Gulf War: A study of psychological distress Am J Psychiatry 149 1992 1707 1710
    • (1992) Am J Psychiatry , vol.149 , pp. 1707-1710
    • Solomon, Z.1    Preager, E.2
  • 97
    • 0027447306 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal noradrenergic function in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • S.M. Southwick J.H. Krystal C.A. Morgan Abnormal noradrenergic function in post-traumatic stress disorder Arch Gen Psychiatry 50 1993 266 274
    • (1993) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 266-274
    • Southwick, S.M.1    Krystal, J.H.2    Morgan, C.A.3
  • 98
    • 0030746976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced dexamethasone suppression of plasma cortisol in adult women traumatized by childhood sexual abuse
    • M.B. Stein R. Yehuda C. Koverola Enhanced dexamethasone suppression of plasma cortisol in adult women traumatized by childhood sexual abuse Biol Psyiatry 42 1997 680 686
    • (1997) Biol Psyiatry , vol.42 , pp. 680-686
    • Stein, M.B.1    Yehuda, R.2    Koverola, C.3
  • 99
    • 0021868746 scopus 로고
    • Minireview: Glucocorticoid receptor regulation
    • F. Svec Minireview: Glucocorticoid receptor regulation Life Sci 35 1985 2359 2366
    • (1985) Life Sci , vol.35 , pp. 2359-2366
    • Svec, F.1
  • 100
    • 0025240541 scopus 로고
    • Stress, depression, and mania: Relationship between perceived role of stressful events and clinical and biological characteristics
    • A.C. Swann S.K. Secunda P.E. Stokes Stress, depression, and mania: Relationship between perceived role of stressful events and clinical and biological characteristics Acta Psychiatr Scand 81 1990 389 397
    • (1990) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.81 , pp. 389-397
    • Swann, A.C.1    Secunda, S.K.2    Stokes, P.E.3
  • 101
    • 0020683637 scopus 로고
    • Organization of ovine corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactive cells and fibers in the rat brain: An immunohistochemical study
    • L.W. Swanson P.E. Sawchenko J. Rivier Organization of ovine corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactive cells and fibers in the rat brain: An immunohistochemical study Neuroendocrinology 36 1983 165
    • (1983) Neuroendocrinology , vol.36 , pp. 165
    • Swanson, L.W.1    Sawchenko, P.E.2    Rivier, J.3
  • 102
    • 0022656447 scopus 로고
    • Corticotropin-releasing factor potentiates acoustic startle in rats: Bolckade by chlordiazepoxide
    • N.R. Swerdlow M.A. Geyer W.W. Vale Corticotropin-releasing factor potentiates acoustic startle in rats: Bolckade by chlordiazepoxide Psychopharmacology 88 1986 147
    • (1986) Psychopharmacology , vol.88 , pp. 147
    • Swerdlow, N.R.1    Geyer, M.A.2    Vale, W.W.3
  • 103
    • 85119807691 scopus 로고
    • J. Tepperman Metabolic and Endocrine Physiology ed 4 1981 Year Book Medical New York
    • (1981)
    • Tepperman, J.1
  • 104
    • 0020382503 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of glucocorticoid receptor in brain corticosterone treatment of adrenalectomized rats
    • S. Tornello E. Orti A.F. DeNicola Regulation of glucocorticoid receptor in brain corticosterone treatment of adrenalectomized rats Neuroendocrinology 35 1982 411 417
    • (1982) Neuroendocrinology , vol.35 , pp. 411-417
    • Tornello, S.1    Orti, E.2    DeNicola, A.F.3
  • 105
    • 0027410515 scopus 로고
    • A twin study of genetic and environmental contributions to liability for post-traumatic stress symptoms
    • W. True J. Rice S. Eisen A twin study of genetic and environmental contributions to liability for post-traumatic stress symptoms Arch Gen Psychiatry 50 1993 257 264
    • (1993) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 257-264
    • True, W.1    Rice, J.2    Eisen, S.3
  • 106
    • 0026467257 scopus 로고
    • Effect of metyrapone on the pituitary adrenal axis in depression: Relation to dexamethasone suppressor status
    • E. Ur T.G. Dinan M. O'Keane Effect of metyrapone on the pituitary adrenal axis in depression: Relation to dexamethasone suppressor status Neuroendocrinology 56 1992 533 538
    • (1992) Neuroendocrinology , vol.56 , pp. 533-538
    • Ur, E.1    Dinan, T.G.2    O'Keane, M.3
  • 107
    • 0022579038 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptors and depression
    • L.J. Whalley N. Borthwick D. Copolov Glucocorticoid receptors and depression BMJ 292 1986 859 861
    • (1986) BMJ , vol.292 , pp. 859-861
    • Whalley, L.J.1    Borthwick, N.2    Copolov, D.3
  • 108
    • 85119789383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Veith RC, Lewis N, Linares OA, et al: Sympathetic nervous system activity in major depression: Basal and desipramine-induced alterations in plasma norepinephrine kinetics. Arch Gen Psychiatry
  • 109
    • 0345055158 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of sympathetic nervous system functioning in PTSD: A critique of methodology
    • R.C. Veith M.M. Murburg Assessment of sympathetic nervous system functioning in PTSD: A critique of methodology Catecholamine Function in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Emerging Concepts 1994 American Psychological Association Press Washington, DC 309 334
    • (1994) , pp. 309-334
    • Veith, R.C.1    Murburg, M.M.2
  • 110
    • 0011016860 scopus 로고
    • Thyroid state and human behavior: Contributions from a clinical perspective
    • P. Whybrow R. Ferrell Thyroid state and human behavior: Contributions from a clinical perspective The thyroid axi, drugs, and behavior 1974 Raven Press New York 5 28
    • (1974) , pp. 5-28
    • Whybrow, P.1    Ferrell, R.2
  • 111
    • 0000431835 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral and psychiatric aspects of thyroxicosis
    • P.C. Whybrow Behavioral and psychiatric aspects of thyroxicosis R.D. Utiger L.E. Braverman The Thyroid 1991 JB Lippincott Philadelphia 863 8701
    • (1991) , pp. 863-8701
    • Whybrow, P.C.1
  • 112
    • 85119812912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yehuda R: Risk Factors for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Progress in Psychiatry Series, American Psychiatric Association, 1998, in press
  • 113
    • 85119792960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrinology of Trauma and PTSD
    • Yehuda R. Neuroendocrinology of Trauma and PTSD Psychological Trauma: Annual Review of Psychiatry vol 17 1998 American Psychiatric Association Press Washington, DC in press
    • (1998)
    • Yehuda, R.1
  • 114
    • 0001792772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental PTSD as a Risk Factor for PTSD
    • Yehuda R. Parental PTSD as a Risk Factor for PTSD Risk Factors for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Progress in Psychiatry Series 1998 American Psychiatric Association in press
    • (1998)
    • Yehuda, R.1
  • 115
    • 0028686666 scopus 로고
    • Circadian regulation of basal cortisol levels in post-traumatic stress disorder. Corticosteroid Receptors and Function
    • R. Yehuda M.H. Teicher R.A. Levengood Circadian regulation of basal cortisol levels in post-traumatic stress disorder. Corticosteroid Receptors and Function Ann NY Acad Sci 1994 378 380
    • (1994) Ann NY Acad Sci , pp. 378-380
    • Yehuda, R.1    Teicher, M.H.2    Levengood, R.A.3
  • 116
    • 0029043632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-response changes in plasma cortisol and lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors following dexamethasone administration in combat veterans with and without post-traumatic stress disorder
    • R. Yehuda D. Boisoneau M.T. Lowy Dose-response changes in plasma cortisol and lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors following dexamethasone administration in combat veterans with and without post-traumatic stress disorder Arch Gen Psychiatry 52 1996 583 593
    • (1996) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 583-593
    • Yehuda, R.1    Boisoneau, D.2    Lowy, M.T.3
  • 117
    • 0027203816 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor number and urinary-free cortisol excretion in mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorder
    • R. Yehuda D. Boisoneau J.W. Mason Relationship between lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor number and urinary-free cortisol excretion in mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorder Biol Psychiatry 34 1993 18 25
    • (1993) Biol Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 18-25
    • Yehuda, R.1    Boisoneau, D.2    Mason, J.W.3
  • 118
    • 0001198003 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal alterations in PTSD: Expanding the stress-response spectrum
    • R. Yehuda E.L. Giller R.A. Levengood Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal alterations in PTSD: Expanding the stress-response spectrum M.J. Friedman D.S. Charney A.Y. Deutch Neurobiological and Clinical Consequences of Stress: From Normal Adaptation to PTSD 1995 Raven Press New York 351 365
    • (1995) , pp. 351-365
    • Yehuda, R.1    Giller, E.L.2    Levengood, R.A.3
  • 119
    • 0025986164 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysfunction in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • R. Yehuda E.L. Giller S.M. Southwick Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysfunction in post-traumatic stress disorder Biol Psychiatry 30 1991 1031 1048
    • (1991) Biol Psychiatry , vol.30 , pp. 1031-1048
    • Yehuda, R.1    Giller, E.L.2    Southwick, S.M.3
  • 120
    • 0029014848 scopus 로고
    • Low urinary cortisol excretion in Holocaust survivors with post-traumatic stress disorder
    • R. Yehuda B. Kahana K. Binder-Brynes Low urinary cortisol excretion in Holocaust survivors with post-traumatic stress disorder Am J Psychiatry 152 1995 7 12
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 7-12
    • Yehuda, R.1    Kahana, B.2    Binder-Brynes, K.3
  • 121
    • 0029922087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased pituitary activation following metyrapone administration in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • R. Yehuda R. Levengood J. Schmeidler Increased pituitary activation following metyrapone administration in post-traumatic stress disorder Psychoneuroendocrinology 21 1996 1 16
    • (1996) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.21 , pp. 1-16
    • Yehuda, R.1    Levengood, R.2    Schmeidler, J.3
  • 122
    • 0026081904 scopus 로고
    • Increased lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor number in post-traumatic stress disorder
    • R. Yehuda M.T. Lowy S.M. Southwick Increased lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor number in post-traumatic stress disorder Am J Psychiatry 149 1991 499 504
    • (1991) Am J Psychiatry , vol.149 , pp. 499-504
    • Yehuda, R.1    Lowy, M.T.2    Southwick, S.M.3
  • 123
    • 0028856568 scopus 로고
    • Conflict between current knowledge about post-traumatic stress disorder and its original conceptual basis
    • R. Yehuda A.C. McFarlane Conflict between current knowledge about post-traumatic stress disorder and its original conceptual basis Am J Psychiatry 152 1995 1705 1713
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 1705-1713
    • Yehuda, R.1    McFarlane, A.C.2
  • 124
    • 0001894109 scopus 로고
    • Neuropeptide alterations in affective and anxiety disorders
    • R. Yehuda C.B. Nemeroff Neuropeptide alterations in affective and anxiety disorders J.A. DenBoer A. Sitsen Handbook on Depression and Anxiety: A Biological Approach 1994 Marcel Deckker New York 543 571
    • (1994) , pp. 543-571
    • Yehuda, R.1    Nemeroff, C.B.2
  • 125
    • 85119803384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yehuda R, Siever L, Teicher MH, et al: Plasma norepinephrine and MHPG concentrations and severity of depression in combat PTSD and major depressive disorder. Biological Psychiatry in press
  • 126
    • 0027476739 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced suppression of cortisol following dexamethasone administration in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder
    • R. Yehuda S.M. Southwick J.M. Krystal Enhanced suppression of cortisol following dexamethasone administration in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder Am J Psychiatry 150 1993 83 86
    • (1993) Am J Psychiatry , vol.150 , pp. 83-86
    • Yehuda, R.1    Southwick, S.M.2    Krystal, J.M.3
  • 127
    • 0026658930 scopus 로고
    • Urinary catecholamine excretion and severity of symptoms in PTSD
    • R. Yehuda S.M. Southwick X. Ma Urinary catecholamine excretion and severity of symptoms in PTSD J Nerv Ment Dis 180 1992 321 325
    • (1992) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.180 , pp. 321-325
    • Yehuda, R.1    Southwick, S.M.2    Ma, X.3
  • 129
    • 0029896499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol regulation in post-traumatic stress disorder and major depression: A chronobiological analysis
    • R. Yehuda M.H. Teicher R.L. Trestman Cortisol regulation in post-traumatic stress disorder and major depression: A chronobiological analysis Biol Psychiatry 40 1996 79 88
    • (1996) Biol Psychiatry , vol.40 , pp. 79-88
    • Yehuda, R.1    Teicher, M.H.2    Trestman, R.L.3
  • 130
    • 0028064453 scopus 로고
    • Increased evening activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in depressed patients
    • E.A. Young R.F. Haskett L. Grunhaus Increased evening activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in depressed patients Arch Gen Psychiatry 51 1994 701 707
    • (1994) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 701-707
    • Young, E.A.1    Haskett, R.F.2    Grunhaus, L.3
  • 131
    • 0028170495 scopus 로고
    • Childhood abuse and combat-related PTSD
    • L.Y. Zaidi D.W. Foy Childhood abuse and combat-related PTSD J Traum Stress 7 1994 33 42
    • (1994) J Traum Stress , vol.7 , pp. 33-42
    • Zaidi, L.Y.1    Foy, D.W.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.