The baltic sea experiment baltex: A brief overview and some selected results of the authors

Surveys in Geophysics

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 1-22

  Raschke, Ehrhard ^a   Karstens, Ute ^a   Nolte Holube, Ralph ^a   Brandt, Rüdiger ^a   Isemer, Hans Jörg ^a   Lohmann, Dag ^a   Lobmeyr, Manfred ^a   Rockel, Burkhardt ^a   Stuhlmann, Rolf ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS RESEARCH   (Germany)

Author keywords

Climate research; GEWEX; Hydrology; Numerical modeling; Water cycles

Indexed keywords

BALTEX; CLIMATE CHANGE;

BALTIC SEA;

EID: 0031804456     PISSN: 01693298     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1006567924820     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Abbott, M.B., Bathurst, J.C., Cunge, J.A., O'Connell, P.E., and Rasmussen, J.: 1986a, 'An introduction to the European Hydrological System - Système Hydrologique Européen, "SHE", 1: History and philosophy of a physically-based, distributed modelling system', J. Hydrol. 87, 45-59.
2. Abbott, M.B., Bathurst, J.C., Cunge, J.A., O'Connell, P.E., and Rasmussen, J.: 1986b, An introduction to the European Hydrological System - Système Hydrologique Européen, "SHE", 2: Structure of a physically-based, distributed modelling system', J. Hydrol. 87, 61-77.
3. Alestalo, M.: 1983, The atmospheric water vapour budget over Europe', in A. Street-Perrott, M. Beran and R. Ratcliffe (eds.), Variations in the Global Water Budget, D. Reidel, pp. 67-79.
4. Avissar, R. and Verstraete, M.M.: 1990, 'The representation of continental surface processes in atmospheric models', Rev. Geophys. 28, 35-52.
5. Beljaars, A.C.M. and Viterbo, P.: 1995, 'Soil moisture-precipitation interaction', in K. Browning and R. Gurney (eds.), Global Energy and Water Cycles, to be published.
6. Bergström, S. and Carlsson, B.: 1993, Hydrology of the Baltic basin. SMHI, Report No 7.
7. Bergström, S. and Carlsson, B.: 1994, 'River runoff to the Baltic Sea: 1950-1990', AMBIO 23, 280-287.
8. Bergström, S. and Foreman, A.: 1973, 'Development of a conceptual deterministic rainfall-runoff model', Nordic Hydrology 4, 147-170.
9. Beven, K.: 1995, 'Sub-grid parametrizations and scale dependent models', in J.D. Kalma and M. Sivapalan (eds.), Scale Issues in Hydrological Modelling, Wiley, pp. 263-281.
10. Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie: 1991, Bd. 15, Mannheim, Germany.
11. Browning, K.A. and Collier C.G.: 1989, 'Nowcasting of precipitation systems', Rev. Geophys. 27, 345-370.
12. Chahine, M.T.: 1972, 'The hydrological cycle and its influence on climate', Nature 359, 373-380.
13. CLIVAR: 1995, 'CLIVAR: A study of climate variability and predictability - Science Plan', International CLIVAR Project Office, Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstrasse 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
14. Cubasch, U., Waszkewitz, J., Hegerl G., and Perlwitz, J.: 1995, 'Regional climate change as simulated in time-slice experiments', Climatic Change 31, 273-304.
15. Defant, F.: 1972, 'Klima und Wetter der Ostsee', Kieler Meeresforschungen 28, 1-30.
16. Dickinson, R.E., Henderson-Sellers, A., Kennedy, P.J., and Wilson, M.F.: 1986, 'Biosphere-atmosphere transfer scheme (BATS) for the NCAR community climate model', NCAR, Technical Report TN-275+STR.
17. Dümenil, L. and Todini, E.: 1992, 'A rainfall-runoff scheme for use in the Hamburg climate model', in J.P. O'Kane (ed.), Advances in Theoretical Hydrology. A tribute to James Dooge, European Geophysical Society Series on Hydrological Sciences 1, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 129-157.
18. Garrat, J.R.: 1993, 'Sensitivity of climate simulations to land-surface and athmospheric boundary layer treatments - A review', J. Climate 6, 419-449.
19. Gates, W.L.: 1992, 'AMIP: The Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project', Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 73, 1962-1970.
20. Geyer, B. and Jarvis, P.: 1991, 'A review of models of the soil-vegetation-atmosphere-transfer-schemes (SVATS): A report to the TIGER III Committee', Institute of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Edinburgh.
21. Halldin, S., Gottschalk, L., Griend, A.v.d., Gryning, S.-E., Heikinheimo, M., Högström, U., Jochum, A., and Lundin, L.-C. (eds.): 1995, Science Plan for NOPEX, NOPEX Central Office, Institute of Earth Scienses, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 B, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden, 42 pp.
22. Hasse, L., Grossklaus, M., and Uhlig, K.: 1994, 'New ship rain gauge. In: Instruments and Observing Methods, World Meteorological Organization WMT/TD-No. 588', Geneva, pp. 97-101.
23. Heise, E.: 1996, 'An investigation of water and energy budgets for the BALTEX region based on short-range numerical weather predictions', Tellus 48A, 693-707.
24. HELCOM: 1986, 'Water balance of the Baltic Sea', Baltic Environment Protection Commission, Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings, 16, ISSN 0357-2994, 174 pp.
25. Henderson-Sellers, A., Pitman, A. J., Love, P. K., Irannejad P., and Chen, T. H.: 1995, 'The project of intercomparison of land-surface parametrization schemes (PILPS): Phases 2 and 3', Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 94, 489-503.
26. Holopainen, E.: 1996, 'Diagnostic studies on atmospheric budgets of water and energy based on aerological data', Tellus 48A, 750-755.
27. IBS: 1995, BALTEXInitial Implementation Plan, International BALTEX Secretariat Publication No 2, GKSS-Forschungszentrum, P.O. Box 1160, D-21494 Geesthacht, Germany.
28. IBS: 1996a, BALTEX Pilot Study for Intensive Data Collection and Analysis of Precipitation, International BALTEX Secretariat, GKSS-Forschungszentrum, P.O. Box 1160, D-21494 Geesthacht, Germany, 24 pp.
29. IBS: 1996b, BALTEX Radar Research - A Plan for Future Action, International BALTEX Secretariat Publication No 6, GKSS-Forschungszentrum, P.O. Box 1160, D-21494 Geesthacht, Germany.
30. Jacob, D., Claussen, M., Majewski, D., Podzun, R., and Rockel, B.: 1995, 'REMO - a model for climate research and weather forecast', Research Activities in Atmospheric and Oceanic Modelling, WMO/JCSU/IOC report.
31. Joss, J. and Waldvogel, A.: 1990, 'Precipitation measurement and hydrology: A review', in D. Atlas (ed.), Battan Memorial and Radar Conference. Radar in Meteorology, Am. Met. Soc., Boston, pp. 577-606.
32. Karstens, U., Nolte-Holube, R., and Rockel, B.: 1996, 'Calculation of the Water Budget over the Baltic Sea Catchment Area using the Regional Forecast Model REMO for June 1993', Tellus 48A, 684-692.
33. Lau, K.-M., Kim, J.H., and Sud, Y.: 1996, 'Intercomparison of Hydrological Processes in AMIP GCMs', Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc. 77, 2209-2227.
34. Legates, D.R.: 1995, 'Global and terrestrial precipitation: A comparative assessment of existing climatologies', Int. J. Climatol. 15, 237-258.
35. Liang, X., Lettenmaier, D.P., Wood, E.F., and Burges, S.J.: 1994, 'A simple hydrologically based model of land surface water and energy fluxes for general circulation models', J. Geophys. Res. 99(D3), 14,415-14,428.
36. Lohmann, D.: 1996, 'Hydrologische Modellierung auf der regionalen Skala', Doctoral Thesis, Hamburg.
37. Lohmann, D., Nolte-Holube, R., and Raschke, E.: 1996, 'A large scale horizontal routing model to be coupled to land surface parametrization schemes', Tellus 48A, 708-721.
38. Maidment, D.R. (ed.): 1993, Handbook of Hydrology, Mc Graw Hill.
39. Majewski, D.: 1991, The Europamodell of the Deutscher Wetterdienst, ECMWF course "Numerical methods in atmospheric models", 2, 147-191.
40. Manabe, S.: 1969, 'Climate and the ocean circulation 1. The atmospheric circulation and the hydrology of the Earth surface', Mon. Weather Rev. 97, 739-774.
41. Müller, E., Foken, T., Heise, E., and Majewski, D.: 1995, 'LITFASS - a nucleus for a BALTEX field experiment', Deutscher Wetterdienst, Forschung und Entwicklung, Arbeitsergebnisse, Nr. 33, Offenbach, ISSN 1430-0281.
42. Neumann, J.; 1978, 'Great historical events that were significantly affected by weather: Part 3, The cold winter of 1657-58, the Swedish army crosses Denmark's Frozen Sea areas', Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 59, 1432-1437.
43. Neumann, J. and Kington, J.: 1992, 'Great historical events that were significantly affected by weather: Part 10, Crop failure in Britain in 1799 and 1800 and the british decision to send a naval force to the Baltic early in 1801', Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 73, 187-199.
44. Neumann, J. and Lindgrén, S.: 1979, 'Great historical events that were significantly affected by weather: Part 4, The great famines in Finland and Estonia, 1695-97', Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 60, 775-787.
45. Nielsen, S.A. and Hansen, E.: 1973, 'Numerical Simulation of the rainfall-runoff process on a daily basis', Nordic Hydrology 4.
46. Nolte-Holube, R., Karstens, U., Lohmann, D., Rockel, B., and Stuhlmann, R.: 1996, Regional Scale Atmospheric and Hydrological Modelling: Results and Validation for the Baltic Sea and Weser Catchments, GKSS-Forschungszentrum, Geesthacht, GKSS 96/E/54,40 pp.
47. Palmén, E. and Söderman, D.: 1966, 'Computation of the evaporation from the baltic sea from the flux of water vapor in the atmosphere', Geophysica 8, 261-279.
48. Raschke, E. (ed.): 1994, The Scientific Plan for BALTEX, GKSS-Forschungszentrum, P.O. Box 1160, D-21494 Geesthacht, Germany, 52 pp.
49. Rossow, W.B., Walker, A.W., Beuschel, D.E., and Roiter, M.D.: 1996, International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP), Documentation of new cloud datasets, WMO/TD-No. 737.
50. Sauvageot, H.: 1994, 'Rainfall estimates by radar: A review', Atmospheric Research 35, 27-54.
51. Schaake, J.C., Koren, V.I., Duan, Q.-I., Mitchell, K., and Chen, F.: 1996, 'Simple water balance model for estimating runoff at different spatial and temporal scales', J. Geophys. Res. 101, 7461-7475
52. Schulz, G.A., Hornbogen, M., Viterbo, P., and Noilhan, J.: 1995, 'Coupling large-scale hydrological and atmospheric models', IAHS Special Publications No. 3.
53. Sellers, P.J., Mintz, Y., Sud, Y.C., and Dalcher, A.: 1986, 'A simple biosphere model (SiB) for use within general circulation models', J. Atmos. Sci. 43, 505-531.
54. Sevruk, B.: 1982, 'Methods of correction for systematic error in point precipitation measurement for operational use', WMO, Geneva, Operational Hydrology Report No. 589, 91 pp.
55. Sweitzer, J., Langaas, S., and Folke, C.: 1996, 'Land cover and population density in the Baltic Sea drainage basin: A GIS database', Ambio 25, 191-198.
56. Wigmosta, M.W., Vail, L.W., and Lettenmaier, D.P.: 1994, 'A distributed hydrology-vegetation model for complex terrain', Water Resour. Res. 30, 1665-1679.
57. Wood, E.F., Lettenmaier, D.P., and Zartarian, V.G.: 1992, 'A land-surface hydrology parameterization with subgrid variability for general circulation models', J. Geophys. Res. 97, 2717-2728.