Spotted fever group rickettsiae in southern Africa - A review and current concepts

Central African Journal of Medicine

Volumn 44, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 111-118

  Kelly, P J ^a   Mason, P R ^a   Raoult, D ^b  

^a BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE   (Zimbabwe)

^b AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITY   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; CHLORAMPHENICOL; CIPROFLOXACIN; DOXYCYCLINE; JOSAMYCIN; SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; TRIMETHOPRIM;

AFRICA; BOUTONNEUSE FEVER; CLINICAL FEATURE; DATA ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; DOSE RESPONSE; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA; HUMAN; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE TEST; PATHOGENESIS; RASH; RELIABILITY; REVIEW; RICKETTSIA CONORII; RICKETTSIOSIS; SEROPREVALENCE;

AFRICA, SOUTHERN; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; BOUTONNEUSE FEVER; DOXYCYCLINE; HUMANS;

EID: 0031783494     PISSN: 00089176     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (71)

1. Conor A, Bruch A. Une fièvre éruptive observé en Tunisie. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1910;8:492-6.
2. Olmer MD, Olmer J. Sur la fièvre exantématique du littoral mediterraneen. Paper presented at the First International Congress of Mediterranean Hygiene, Marseille, 1932.
3. Sant'Anna JF. On a disease in man following tick bites and occuring in Lourenco Marques. Parasitology 1911;4:87-8.
4. McNaught JG. A tick-bite fever in the Union of South Africa. J R Army Med Corps 1911;16:505.
5. Nutall GHF. On symptoms following tick-bite in man. Parasitology 1911;4:89-93.
6. Brumpt E. Longévité du virus de la fièvre boutonneuse (Rickettsia conori n.sp.) chez la tique, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. C R Seances Soc Biol 1932;110:1199-1209.
7. Durand P, Conseil L. Transmission de la fièvre exanthémique par la tique du chien. C R Acad Sci Paris 1930;190:1244-54.
8. Pijper A, Dau H. South African Typhus. J Hyg 1934;35:116-24.
9. Pijper A. Tick-bite fever. A clinical lecture. S Afr Med J 1934;8:551-6.
10. Pijper A. Etude expérimentale comparée de la fièvre boutonneuse et de la tick-bite fever. Arch Inst Pasteur Tunis 1936;25:388-401.
11. Troup J M,Pijper A. Tick-bite fever in southern Africa. Lancet 1938;2:1183-6.
12. Gear J, De Meillon B. The hereditary transmission of the rickettsiae of tick-bite fever through the common dog tick. Haemaphysalis leachi. S Afr Med J 1941;15: 389-92.
13. Gear JHS. Complications in tick-bite fever. A survey of fifty cases. S Afr Med J 1939; 13:35-8.
14. Gear JHS. The typhus group of fevers. Leech 1941;17:7-16.
15. Gear JHS. 1988. Other spotted fever group rickettsioses: clinical signs, symptoms, and pathology. In: Walker D, editor. Biology of Rickettsial Diseases. Vol 1. Florida: CRC Press, Inc. 1988; 101-115.
16. Mason JH, Alexander RA. Studies of the rickettsiae of the typhus-Rocky-Mountain-spotted-fever-group in South Africa. IV. Discussion and classification. Onderstepoort J Vet Sci Anim Ind 1939;13:67-76.
17. Gimenez D F. Staining rickettsiae in yolk-sac cultures. Stain Technol 1964;39:135-140.
18. AL. In: Krieg NR, Holt JG, editors. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Vol 1. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1984:687-701.
19. Philip R N, Casper EA, Burgdorfer W, Gerloff RK, Hughes LB, Bell EJ. Serologic typing of rickettsiae of the spotted fever group by microimmunofluorescence. J Immunol 1978;121:1961-8.
20. Beati L, Finidori J-P, Gilot B, Raoult D. Comparison of serologic typing, sodium sulfate-polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis protein analysis, and genetic restriction fragment polymorphism analysis for identification of rickettsiae: characterisation of two new rickettsial strains. J Clin Microbiol 1992;30:1922-30.
21. Uchida T, Uchiyama T, Kumano K, Walker DH. Rickettsia japonica sp. nov., the etiological agent of spotted fever group rickettsiosis in Japan. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1992;42: 303-5.
22. Eremeeva M, Yu XJ, Raoult D. Differentiation among spotted fever group rickettsiae species by analysis of restriction length polymorphism of PCR-amplified DNA. J Clin Microbiol 1994;2;804-10.
23. Roux V, Raoult D. Genotypic identification and phylogenetic analysis of the spotted fever group rickettsiae using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. J Bacteriol 1993;175:4895-904.
24. Roux V, Raoult D. Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Rickettsia by 16S rDNA sequencing. Res Microbiol 1995;146:385-96.
25. Wayne LG, Brenner DJ, Colwell RR, Grimont PAD, Kandler O, Krichevsky MI, et al. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1987;37:463-4.
26. Fuerst PA, Poetter KF. DNA sequence differentiation in North American spotted fever group species of rickettsiae. In: Kazar J, Raoult D, editors. Rickettsiae and Rickettsial Diseases. New York: Academic Press, 1991;163-9.
27. Kelly PJ, Beati L, Matthewman LA, Mason PR, Dasch G, Raoult D. A new pathogenic spotted fever group rickettsia from Africa. J Trop Med Hyg 1994;97:129-37.
28. Kelly PJ, Matthewman LA, Beati L, Raoult D, Mason PR, Deary M, et al. African tick-bite fever: a new spotted fever group rickettsiosis under an old name. Lancet 1992;40: 982-3.
29. Kelly PJ, Beati L, Mason PR, Matthewman LA, Roux V, Raoult D. Rickettsia africae sp. nov., the Etiological agent of African Tick Bite fever. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1996;46:611-4.
30. Raoult D, Tissot Dupont H, Chicheportiche C, Peter O, Gilot B, Drancourt M. Mediterranean spotted fever in Marseille, France: correlation between prevalence of hospitalised patients, seroepidemiology, and prevalence of infected ticks in three different areas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993;48:249-56.
31. Norval RAI. The ticks of Zimbabwe. VII. The genus Amblyomma. Zimbabwe Vet J 1993;14:3-18.
32. Kelly PJ, Mason PR. Tick-bite fever in Zimbabwe: a survey for antibodies to Rickettsia conorii in man and dogs and rickettsia-like organisms in dog ticks. S Afr Med J 1991;80: 233-6.
33. Kelly PJ, Mason PR, Manning T, Slater S. Role of cattle in the epidemiology of tick-bite fever in Zimbabwe. J Clin Microbiol 1991;29:256-9.
34. Kelly PJ, Mason PR. Transmission of a spotted fever group rickettsia by Amblyomma hebraeum (Acari; Ixodidae). J Med Entomol 1991;28:598-600.
35. Beati L, Kelly PJ, Matthewman LA, Mason PR, Raoult D. The prevalence of rickettsia-like organisms and spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from Zimbabwe. J Med Entomol 1995;32:787-92.
36. Tissot Dupont H, Brouqui P, Faugere B, Raoult D. The prevalence of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia conorii, and Rickettsia typhi in seven African countries. Clin Infect Dis 1995;21:1126-33.
37. Anderson JF, Magnarelli LA, Burgdorfer W, Casper EA, Philip RN. Importation into the United States from Africa of Rhipicephalus simus on a boutonneuse fever patient. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1981;30:897-9.
38. Heisch RB, McPhee R, Rickman LR. The epidemiology of tick-typhus in Nairobi. East Afr Med J 1957;34 459-77.
39. Raoult D, Toga B, Dunan S. Mediterranean spotted fever: clinical, laboratory and epidemiological features of 199 cases. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1986;35:845-60.
40. Font-Creus B, Bella-Cueto F, Espejo-Arenas E, Vidal-SAnahuja R, Munoz-Espin T, Nolla-Salas M, et al. Mediterranean spotted fever: a cooperative study of 227 cases. Rev Infect Dis 1985;7:635-42.
41. Mansueto S, Vitale G, Tringali G, Di Leo R, Barba G, Staiti A, et al. Studi siero-immunologici nella bebbre bottonosa. II - Ampiezza, cinetica, durata e dislocazione immunoglobulinica (IgA, IgG e IgM) della riposta anticorporale anti-R. conorii (metodod di microimmunofluorescenza). G Mal Infett Parassit 1983;7:723-30.
42. Drancourt M, Brouqui P, Chiche G, Raoult D. Acute pericarditis in Mediterranean spotted fever. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1992;85:799.
43. Drancourt M, Raoult D, Harl JR, Chaudet H, Janbon F, Charrel C, et al. Biological variations in 412 patients with Mediterranean spotted fever. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1990; 590:39-50.
44. Piras MA, Calia G, Saba F, Gakis G, Andreoni G. Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency in male patients with Mediterranean spotted fever in Sardinia. J Infect Dis 1983;147:607-8.
45. Ruiz-Beltran R, Herrero-Herrero JI, Macias JF. Mechanisms of low sodium levels in Mediterranean spotted fever. Acta Tropica 1992;50:161-7.
46. Walker DH, Staiti A, Mansueto S, Tringali G. Frequent occurrence of hepatic lesions in boutonneuse fever. Acta Tropica 1986;43;175-81.
47. Bella F, Espejo E, Bella MR, Font B, Ferrer I, Segura F. Muscle damage in Mediterranean spotted fever. Eur J Clin Microb Infect Dis 1989;8:928-9.
48. Ruiz R, Herrero JI, Martin Am, Vicente V, Sanz F, Mateos A, et al. Formas graves de fiebre exanthematica mediterranea. Analisis prospective de 71 enfermos. An Med Intern (Madrid) 1985;2;365-8.
49. Raoult D, Zuchelli, Weiller PJ, Charrel C, San Marco JL, Gallais H, et al. Incidence, clinical observations and risk factors in the severe form of Mediterranean spotted fever among patients admitted to hospital in Marseilles 1983-1984. J Infect 1986;12:111-6.
50. Tissot DuPont H, Cornet J-P, Raoult D. Identification of rickettsiae from ticks collected in the Central African Republic using polymerase chain reaction. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1994;50:373-80.
51. Beati L, Meskini M, Thiers B, Raoult D. 1997 Rickettsia aeschlimannii sp. nov., a new spotted fever group rickettsia associated with Hyalomma marginatum ticks. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1997;47:548-54.
52. Hoogstraal H. African Ixodoidea. I. Ticks of Sudan. Research Report NIM 0050502907. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington. 1956.
53. Walker DH. Rocky Mountain spotted fever: a disease in need of microbiological concern. Clin Microbiol Rev 1989;2:227-40.
54. Walker DH, Occhino C, Tringali GR, Di Rosa S, Mansueto S. Pathogenesis of rickettsial eschars: the tàche noire of boutonneuse fever. Human Pathol 1988;19: 1449-1454.
55. Corbiescao D. Sur la nature de la "tache noir" decrite dans la fièvre exanthematique de Marseille. C R Soc Biol (Paris) 1931;108:1281-2.
56. Teysseire N, Chiche-Portiche C, Raoult D. Intracellular movement of Rickettsia conorii and R.typhi based on actin polymerisation. Res Microbiol 1992;14:821-9.
57. Marrero M, Raoult D. Centrifugation-shell vial technique for rapid detection of Mediterranean spotted fever in blood culture. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1989;40:197-9.
58. Raoult D, de Micco C, Gallais H, Toga M. Laboratory diagnosis of Mediterranean spotted fever by immunofluorescent demonstration of R. conorii in cutaneous lesions. J Infect Dis 1984;150:145-8.
59. Drancourt M, Georges F, Brouqui P, Sampol J, Raoult D. Diagnosis of Mediterranean spotted fever by indirect immunofluorescence of Rickettsia conorii in circulating endothelial cells isolated from monoclonal antibody-coated immunomagnetic beads. J Infect Dis 1992;166:660-3.
60. Tzianabos T, Anderson BE, McDade JE. Detection of Rickettsia rickettsii DNA in clinical specimens by using polymerase chain reaction technology. J Clin Microbiol 1989;27:2866-8.
61. Henchemy KE, Stevens RW, Sasowski S, Michaelson EE, Casper EA, Philip RN. Discrepancies in Weil-Felix and micro-immunofluorescence test for Rocky Mountain spotted fever. J Clin Microbiol 1979;9:292-3.
62. Kaplan JE, Schonberger LB. The sensitivity of various serological tests in the diagnosis of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1986;35:840-4.
63. Raoult D, Hechemy KE, Chaudet H. Serologie de la fièvre boutonneuse méditeréenne. Cinetique des anticorps detectes par trois methodes: l'immunofluorescence indirecte, l'hemagglutination indirecte et l'agglutination latex. Pathol Biol 1985;33:839-41.
64. Mansueto S, Vitale G, Bentivegna M, Tringali G, Di Leo R. Persistence of antibodies to R. conorii after an acute attack of boutonneuse fever. Infect Dis 1985;151:377.
65. Raoult D, Dasch G. Immunoblot cross-reactions among Rickettsia, Proteus sp. and Legionella spp. in patients with Mediterranean spotted fever. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 1995;11:13-8,
66. Teyseirre N, Raoult D. Comparison of Western blotting and micro-immunofluorescence for diagnosis of Mediterranean spotted fever. J Clin Microbiol 1992;30:455-60.
67. Raoult D, Drancourt M. Antimicorbial therapy of rickettsial diseases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991;35:2457-62.
68. Bella-Cueto F, Font-Creus B, Segura-Porta F, Espejo-Arenas E, Lopez-Pares P, Munoz-Espin T. Comparative randomised trial of one day doxycycline versus 10 day tetracycline therapy for Mediterranean spotted fever. J Infect Dis 1987;155:1056-8.
69. Ruiz Beltran R, Hrerrero Herrero JI. Evaluation of ciprofloxacin and doxycycline in the treatment of Mediterranean spotted fever. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1992;11:427-31.
70. Bella F, Font B, Uriz S, Munoz T, Espejo E, Traveria J, et al. Randomized trial of doxycycline versus josamycin for Mediterranean spotted fever. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990;34:937-8.
71. Ruiz Beltran R, Herrerro Herrero JI. Deleterious effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in Mediterranean spotted fever. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992;36: 1342-4.