Evaluation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical hormones and inflammatory cytokines in patients with persistent vegetative state

Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 519-529

  Munno, Irene ^a   Damiani, Sabino ^a   Scardapane, Riccardo ^b   Lacedra, Giuseppe ^a   Megna, Marisa ^a   Patimo, Caterina ^a   Megna, Gian Franco ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BARI   (Italy)

^b MIULLI GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CORTICOSTEROID; CYTOKINE; HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE; HYDROCORTISONE; HYPOPHYSIS HORMONE; HYPOTHALAMUS HORMONE; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 6; PROLACTIN; THYROTROPIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMA; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOKINE RELEASE; FEMALE; HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA; MALE; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 0031782246     PISSN: 08923973     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/08923979809031513     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Jennett, B.,and Plum, F., Persistent vegetative state after brain damage: a syndrome in search of a name. Lancet, 1: 734, 1972.
2. Plum, F., and Posner, J., The phisiology and pathology of consciousness and coma. In: The diagnosis of stupor and coma. FA Davis Cy, Philadelphia, 11, 1982.
3. Childs, N.L., Mercer, W.N., and Childs, H.W., Accuracy of diagnosis of persistent vegetative state. Neurology 43: 1465, 1993.
4. Ashwal, S., Medical aspects of persistent vegetative state (First of two part). N. Engl. J. Med. 330: 1499, 1994.
5. Jennett, B., and Teasdale, G., Assessment of impaired consciousness. In. Management of Head Injuries.F. Plum Ed., FA. Davis Cy, Philadelphia.
6. Eccles, J.C., The mind-brain problem in evolution In: evolution of the brain. Creation of the Self Routledge, London, New York. (1991).
7. McLeod, A.A., Neil-Dwyer, G., Meyer, C.H.A., et al. Cardiac sequelae of acute head injury. Br. Heart J. 47: 221, 1982.
8. Robertson, C.S., Clifton, G.L., Addison, A T., and Grossman, R.G., Treatment of hypertension associated with head injury. Neurosurgery 59: 455, 1983.
9. Clifton, G.L., Robertson, C.S., Grossman, R.G., et al. The metabolic response to severe head injury. J. Neurosurg. 60: 687, 1984.
10. Brooks, W.H , Cross, R.J., Roszman, T.L , and Markesbery, W R., Neuroimmunomodulation Neural Anatomical basis for impairment and facilitation. Ann. Neurol 12: 56, 1982.
11. Cross, R.J., Markesbery, W.R , Brooks, W H., and Roszmann, T.L., Hypothalamic immune interactions: neuromodulation of Natural Killer activity by lesioning of the anterior hypothalamus. Immunology 51: 399, 1984
12. Roszmann, T.L., and Brooks, W.H., Neural modulation of immune function. J. Neuroimmunol. 10: 59, 1985.
13. Munno, I., Damiani, S., Lacedra, G., Mastropasqua, V., and Megna, G.F., Impairment of non-specific immunity in patients in persistent vegetative state. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 18: 549, 1996.
14. Besedovsky, H.O., del Rey, A., Sorkin, E., and Dinarello, C.A., Immunoregolatory feedback between Interleukin-1 and glucocorticoids hormones. Science 233: 652, 1986.
15. Sharp, B.M., Matta, S.G., Peterson, P.K., Newton, R., Chao, C., and McAllen, K., Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha is a potent ACTH secretagogue: comparison to Interleukin-1 beta. Endocrinology 124: 3131, 1989.
16. del Rey, A., and Besedovsky, H.O., Metabolic and neuroendocrine effects of proinflammatory cytokines. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 22 (S 1): 10, 1992.
17. Cross, R.J., Brooks, W H., Roszmann, I.L., and Markersbery, W.R., Hypothalamic immune interactions. Effect of hypophisectomy on neuroimmunomodulaion. J. Neurol. Sci. 53: 557, 1982.
18. Berelowitz, M., Szabo, M., Frohman, L A , et al. Somatomedin-C mediates growth hormone negative feedback by effects on both the hypotalamus and the pituitary. Science 212: 1279, 1981.
19. Coates, C.L., Burwell, R.G., Carlin, S.A., and Milligan, C.F , The somatomedin activity in plasma from patients with multiple mechanical injuries: with observations on plasma cortisol. Injury 13. 100, 1981.
20. Hackl, J.M., Gottardis, M., Weiser, C.L., Rumpl, E., Stadler, C.L., Schwarz, S., and Monkayo, R., Endocrine abnormalities in severe traumatic brain injury.A cue to prognosis in severe craniocerebral trauma? Intensive Care Med. 17: 25, 1991.
21. Arancidia, S., Tapai-Arancidia, L., Assenmacher, I., et al. Direct evidence of short -term cold-induced TRH release in median eminence. Neuroendocrinology 37: 225, 1983.
22. Reichlin, S , Neuroendocrine regulation of prolactin secretion. Adv. Biol. Sci. 69: 277, 1988.
23. Goetzl, E.J., and Sreedharan, S.P., Mediators of communication and adaptation in the neuroendocrine and immune system. FASEB J. 6: 2646, 1992.
24. Gendron, R.L., Nestel, F.P , Lapp, W.S., and Baines, M.G., Expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the developing nervous system. Intern. J. Neurosci. 60. 129, 1991.
25. Dunn, A.J , Infection as a stressor: a cytokine-mediated activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis? In:Corticotropin-releasing-factor. Wiley, Chichester (Ciba Foundation Symposia) 226,1993.